Post on 02-Apr-2022
5 November 2021
Vanadium Recovery Project
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Zero Carbon
LCA by independent firm confirms Zero Carbon based on Scoping Study
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High Purity
Battery grade vanadium pentoxide
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Energy Storage
Vanadium chemicals for use in vanadium redox flow batteries and Li-V cells
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Circular Economy
Vanadium from steel slag and by-products for cement, paper and polymers
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SustainableLow emission, low water use, low temperature
Our focus is on producing:- vanadium pentoxide; and - nickel, cobalt and lithium sulphates.
Zero Carbon High Purity
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Our mission is to produce Zero Carbon High Purity products in the Nordic region to create a sustainable future for all.
Mission
Joint Venture
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Zero Carbon High Purity
Vanadium
- Vanadium is used in many industries and applications, from automobiles, power generation, and hand tools, to ships, industrial tools and aeroplanes.
- Security of supply is a priority for the European Union (EU).- The EU is a net importer of vanadium.- Vanadium is sourced from mineral deposits (18%), as a by-product
from the steel making process, (68%) and other sources (14%).- Primary process for extracting vanadium is the high energy-high
emission roast-leach pyrometallurgical process. - Our process is a low energy-low emission hydrometallurgical process –
a competitive advantage and point of difference.
Vanadium
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Zero Carbon High Purity
Vanadium
Summary
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- Vanadium recoveries approx. 75%.- Product purity greater than 99.5% V2O5.
- Lowest quartile of operating costs for vanadium- Supply approximately 5% of the world's vanadium.
Zero Carbon High Purity
Vanadium
Wagon cleaning
Outstanding Location
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SSAB steel mills are located in Luleå, Raahe and Oxelösund. H2 Green Steel plan for a steel mill in
Boden. The Vanadium Recovery Project will be based in Pori, Finland.
Simple concept
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Zero Carbon High Purity
Vanadium
SSAB agreement is for 2Mt of slag. This shows 200,000 tpa of slag throughput for 10 years.
World class counterparty
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Zero Carbon High Purity
Vanadium
SSAB agreement is for 2Mt of slag. This equates to 200,000 tpa of slag throughput for 10 years.
Future leader
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Zero Carbon High Purity
Vanadium
H2GS memorandum of understanding is for 4Mt of slag from commencement of
steel production.
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Vanadium Journey
Orebody to Energy Storage
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LKAB mines iron ore in Malmberget, Sweden. The ore contains vanadium.
Malmberget, Sweden
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LKAB iron pellets from Malmberget contain approximately 0.24% V2O5 (vanadium pentoxide).
Pellets are sold worldwide, including to SSAB. LKAB Pellets
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Luleå, SwedenLKAB iron ore pellets are one of the main ingredients in steel produced at the SSAB steel mill in Luleå, Oxelösund and Raahe.
PAGE 19SSAB produce several steel products in Luleå, Oxeösund and Raahe.
Raahe, Finland
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Slag from the steel making process is poured onto the surface to cool. The vanadium has been concentrated in the steel making process. The slag now contains up to
4.4% V2O5 (vanadium pentoxide).
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Slag is screened to separate lump which is returned to the blast furnace and fines which are stockpiled. Once
the slag has cooled it is loaded and transported for screening.
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Slag is stockpiled. Approximately 1.8Mt of slag is currently stockpiled across the three
SSAB steel mills.
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Slag is loaded onto vessels at Luleå, Oxelösund and Raahe for transport to Pori, Finland. This picture is for concept only. ESL is not a contracted partner. Critical Metals
responsibility starts with transporting the slag to the quay and shipping it to Pori, Finland.
Wagon cleaning
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The slag will be transported to Tahkoluoto Port in Pori, Finland. The port is ice free, open 365 days a year and provides outstanding logistical solutions.
Pori, Finland
Outstanding Location
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The Vanadium Recovery Project will be built on this site close to the unloading quay. Picture looking and north-west.
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The slag will be processed in the plant shown in this image.
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Artist impression of vanadium project and slag/SSM stockpiles on the left. Tall white and blue buildings and chimney on the right are the Peri-Pori power station. Photo by Einari Vuorinen
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Vanadium Applications
PAGE 29SSAB slag, ammonium metavanadate and vanadium pentoxide
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Vanadium electrolyte is used in industrial scale energy storage
applications such as these vanadium redox flow batteries.
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Lithium vanadium battery chemistries are also being trialled in electric vehicles.
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Vanadium pentoxide is used in the production of super alloys used in high tech applications such as jets and rockets.
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The largest use of vanadium is in reinforced steel bar.
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By-Product Applications
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SSM is being tested for use as a filler in CO2 free cement.
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SSM is being tested for use as a filler in paper.
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SSM is being tested for use as a filler in polymers.
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Simplified flowsheet
Zero Carbon High Purity
Vanadium
Click here to view Pilot Plant video.
Slag composition
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Zero Carbon High Purity
Vanadium
Component Assay (% w/w)V2O5 4.40CaO 41.93SiO2 9.16MgO 8.7Al2O3 1.7MnO 3.15TiO2 1.35
Fe2O3 24.91
Typical slag composition (Luleå slag).
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Inputs and outputs
INPUTS: Approximate / estimated usage per year
Slag 300 000 dry tonnes (plus about 10 % moisture content)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 85 000 – 100 000 tonnes
Other chemicals circa 70 000 tonnesDiesel 1 800 m3
Natural gas 400 000 GJ Electricity 90.4 GWhRaw water and potable water 180 000 tonnesOUTPUTS: Volume per year
Vanadium pentoxide (powder or flake) 9 000 tonnes
Calcium carbonate CaCO3 rich stabilised slag material (SSM)
415 000 dry tonnes (plus about 30 % moisture content)
Sodium sulphate (Na2SO4) 30 000 tonnes
Preliminary mass balance of the plant based on 300,000 tpa slag throughput.
Chemical used
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Other Chemicals Estimated used volume / produced volume (tonnes/year)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 85 000 – 100 000
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4 94 %) 18 000
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH 50 %) 32 500
Sodium carbonate (NaCO3) 12 000
Ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4) 5 300
Aluminium sulphate (Al2(SO4)3) 450
Organic diluent 71
Organic 22
Phase modifier 18
Coagulent 99
Strong returns
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Preliminary Feasibility Study results released by Neometals Ltd on 4 May 2021. All numbers on 100% ownership basis.
Zero Carbon High Purity
Vanadium
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Position on cost curve
Zero Carbon High Purity
Vanadium
Timetable
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Zero Carbon High Purity
Vanadium
Joint venture partner
Location and logistics
management
Supportive government
agencyHost city
EIA management Finnish legal advisers
Slag supply counterparty Port of Pori
Permitting management
Life cycle consultant
Engineering and design
Environmental, chemical and
building permits
Contributors
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Directors
• Jonathan Murray (Chairman)
• Damian Hicks (Executive Director)
• Markus Bachmann, Kris Gram, Darren Townsend and Olof Forslund (Non-Executive Directors)
Enquiries:Damian Hicks
Executive Director+46 703 225 133 (Sweden)
+61 8 9322 3383 (Australia)dhicks@criticalmetals.eu