CLOUD COMPUTINGUNLEASHED

Some Social Responsibilities

Agenda

• Cloud Computing • Virtualization• Demo of Virtualization

Evolution Towards Cloud

Enterprise Data Center

Issues in maintaining an Enterprise data centers

• Hardware and equipment outages, hard disk corruptions, data corruptions etc

• Constant need to update patches and virus vaccines• Hardware wears out and becomes obsolete• Temptation to upgrade to new versions of software• Regular monitoring of traffic, email spans, attacks etc• Tools required to monitor these are expensive• Data needs to cleaned up regularly to make more space• Need to keep on adding more hard disks racks to add more space.• Cost of maintenance of hardware and software• People and building costs add up• Training costs for people to maintain new tools and hardware

You mind your Business !Let take care of your data center !

-All you need is a web browser to monitor and maintain the servers remotely

-Use a tablet/desktop/laptop or any device -Remote install and uninstall software and

configure it remotely-Pay for the hardware and software you use-If the vendor is not good, go to another vendor

How Did It All Evolve ?

High Level Internet View

CLIENT SERVER COMPUTINGsingle server single client

Client is transparent to server operationsClient is transparent to data locationServer responses to one client onlyClient requests only one type of operation at a time

CLIENT SERVER COMPUTINGsingle server multiple client

Many clients talk to single server Client Applications may be different (like a bank)Server is overloaded......Keep extending server hardware till you run out of money!!!!

CLIENT SERVER COMPUTINGmultiple server multiple client

Computing is DistributedServer to Client CommunicationServer to Server CommunicationReduces load

Peer To Peer NetworkingNo servers Computing!

Idea is for two nodes to communicate with each other without firewalls/servers (early ARPANET)

Every node process, request and send info

Virtual networks can be established easily between multiple nodes

No centralized control

Improves performance as millions of users added

Probably was best suited for the internet

Security, user threats, less patronage in enterprises made it less viable

Grid Networking from IBM

Computing resources are shared with every node (disk, memory, CPU)

Objective is to complete single job fast and efficiently (resource pooling)

All nodes typically run the same OS Loss of node brings down performance but

jobs are still run Central node controls allocation of jobs

across the nodes. Runs a special Grid computing software Advanced Grid computing deals with

cluster of nodes doing special jobOften gets flooded

System Models For Cloud Computing

CLIENT SERVER MODEL

GRID NETWORK MODEL

PEER TO PEER NETWORK

Cloud Network

The Network Cloud is the transparent partConnects the Cloud User to Cloud ProviderContains Network Elements to connectRouters route the server and client traffic appropriatelyCan adopt any network model

INTERNET – wikipedia definition

The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to serve several billion users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries an extensive range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW), the infrastructure to support email, and peer-to-peer networks.

Understanding The Notion Of Cloud

The Analogy Of Electricity You can generate it yourself You can get it as a service from TNEB You pay for what you use (Metered Service) Service gets disconnected if you do not pay on time You contact TNEB if you have service problem Basically you have some kind of agreements with EB

when getting a connection (SLAs)

ELECTRICITY-AS-A-SERVICE

Service Model Example

SERVICE MODEL EXAMPLEService Provider TNEBService Consumer PeopleService Model Electricity-as-a-Service

Service Type Metered with Payment every monthService Level Agreement (SLA) 22 hrs a day

2 hr electrical mantenance8 hrs maintenance every month

Storage Customer's choiceService Provider Backup noneSecurity Through proper earthing

Zero leakage

Something-as-a-ServiceWhat do we understand by this….

You have to pay for it for the duration of the service

You expect Quality Of Service in returnPerformance, UpTime, Scalability, Serviceability, Security

You switch over to another service provider if your are dissatisfied

OFF-Premise vs ON-PremiseProvisioning

We Are Already Into Cloud

When you use GMAIL Questions that must arise …..

• Where is GMAIL server hosted ?• Where are my mails stored ?• How are they able to manage such a large storage

space ?• How is the GMAIL page rendered to me ?• How am I able to read my mails from anywhere • How am I able to read my mails from any device • What if my mailbox is hacked ? Security concerns.

NIST Reference Architecture

Characteristics Of Cloud Computing

Deployment Models Suitability and Offers

The Industry Focus is on….

Platform-as-a-Service• Developer platform that abstracts the

infrastructure, OS, and the middleware• Has development tools, databases, web servers

etc• Enables any developer to build web apps• The runtime engine is on the cloud managed by

the cloud provider• Scalable and always available• Nothing to install on desktop

PaaS examples

Infrastructure As A Service• Includes servers, storage and network which are used by cloud

providers• Farms of servers, Arrays of disks and clusters of networks are used• Virtualization allows Elasticity• High availability• Backup and Recovery• Security• Continuously monitors traffic and makes several adjustments to

IaaS infrastructure• Rents or leases these as services • Signs up SLAs

Cloud Storage• Data is growing at outstanding rate• Data is unstructured, dynamic and

vivid.• There are different types of data

other than text data.• Conventional indexing, sorting and

searching algorithms will not work efficiently

• Storage and retrieval of data in an efficient and fast manner is a big challenge

• The area of research here is called BigData

Cloud Storage• Virtualized pool of storage distributed across multiple VMs /

physical servers but acts as one• Storage resources are given from these pools• A resource ( say 300 GB of space ) may spawn across multiple

physical disks• End users pay only for what they use • Cloud Storage Server intelligently relocates frequently

accessed data onto one server• Data may be replicated on multiple locations

– Increases fault tolerance

CLOUD USE CASES

Use Case 1 - End User Cloud• End user is accessing data or

application in the cloud. • Like Gmail, Facebook, Twitter etc• The end user’s data is stored and

managed in the cloud• The end user has no idea how the

infrastructure works• All they need is an internet

connection and an interface to authenticate

Use case 2 : Enterprise to Cloud to End User

• An enterprise is using cloud to deliver data and services to end users

• When a user interacts with the enterprise, data and services are retrieved from the cloud, manipulated and results sent to the end user

• The end user is an external customer or and internal employee of the enterprise

Use case 3: Enterprise to Cloud• Enterprise is using Cloud Services

for its internal purpose to supplement its needs

• Build a VM Image and deploy it to the cloud as necessary.

• Move the image from one cloud provider to another

• Uses SaaS applications for certain functions such as emails, CRM etc

• Uses Cloud databases

Use Case 4 : Enterprise to Cloud to Enterprise

• Two enterprises uses the same cloud• Resources are shared and made to

interoperate• Example – Supply Chain• Applications and data are shared

from the cloud • Transactions processing,

concurrency control between enterprises are critical

Use Case 5 : Private Cloud• Cloud is within the enterprise• Useful for large enterprises to

surge their workloads

Use case 6 : Changing the Cloud Vendor

• Add or replace the cloud vendor• Should be able to move the hosted

VM from one vendor to another• Change the SaaS vendor provided

the new SaaS vendor provides same SaaS Service

• Porting data and configuration should be easy to export and import

• Keep the SaaS Vendor, but change the storage vendor

A Customer ScenarioNY Times : Processing Huge Archival of Data

• NY Times had huge archival of data in their data warehouse which had to be mined

• It needed extensive CPU power to process them• NY Times would not have had any option other than enhancing their

infrastructure buying fairly expensive computers to mine and process them

• The problem is : Cost and re-use of the hardware – They won’t need the hardware again after processing the archives

• Thanks to Amazon EC2 • NY Times rented hundreds of EC2 cloud instances from Amazon and

processed the data in just 36 hours!!!!......So….the question is?

how did Google were able to give them 100s of cloud instances ?

A Customer Scenario Payroll Processing

Currently Enterprise Setup• Two servers are dedicated for payroll processing• Employee data is stored in a SQL Database• Front-ended GUI is built on top of multiple JSP pages• These servers are running out of disk space often and

the administrator often has to cleanup unwanted files to make some spaces.

• The servers become slow during peak load times and system becomes very slow to operate

… Payroll Processing

What solutions exist ?Option 1: Rewrite the application to use Cloud Services

Option 2: Create a VM out of the physical database server and deploy it with a cloud provider

Option 3: Re-deploy and re-configure the payroll application against a database server that is given by the cloud provider

Option 2 is easy and less intrusive

…Payroll Processing

• What if the Database Server VM ran out of disk space ?– We could dynamically increase the storage space

by adding more hard disk space to it (Elasticity)• The Payroll Application has multiple modules – The front end rendering module– The input module– The payroll processing module– The pay check printing module

(These can be hosted as separate VMs)

Thank You