Clinical PathologicalConference

May 11, 2007

CHIEF COMPLAINT:

51 year old female with abdominal bloating, twenty pound

weight loss, and fatigue

for 2 months.

DEFENDING DIAGNOSES

• Ovarian Carcinoma (9): David Jacobs • Krukenberg Tumor (1): Daniel Shen • Pelvic Tuberculosis (3): Vanessa Starr• Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (1): Jeremy Fenton • Other Diagnoses:Meig’s syndromeAntiphospholipid syndromePseudomyxoma Peritonei

RADIOLOGY

Dr. Michael Macari

Associate Professor,

Department of Radiology

Pelvic Ultrasound

Pelvic Ultrasound

FACULTY DISCUSSANT

Dr. David Chong

Associate Program Director

Assistant Professor of Medicine,

Pulmonary Disease

PATHOLOGY

Dr. Jian-jun Wei

Assistant Professor,

Department of Pathology

Right Ovary

Right Ovary

Right Ovary

Right Peritoneum

Right Peritoneum

Right Peritoneum

Right Iliac Lymph Node

Right Iliac Lymph Node

Right Iliac Lymph Node

FINAL DIAGNOSIS

• Pathologic Diagnosis: Non-caseating Granulomas

• Presumed Clinical Diagnosis:

Tuberculosis of the Female Genital Tract

Hospital Course and Follow-up

• The patient had a GI and GYN workup for malignancy.

• Her EGD showed: – Normal esophagus. Atrophic mucosa in

antrum. Normal dudodenum.– Negative Helicobacter pylori.– Pathology: chronic mildly active gastritis

with extensive metaplasia.

Hospital course and Follow-up

• The patient had an exploratory laparotomy– Evidence of miliary disease – Bilateral oopherectomy and hysterectomy– Pathology: Non-caseating granulomas. (AFB -)

• Tuberculosis versus Sarcoidosis

• 6 month course of IRPE 6 given for presumed tuberculosis of the female genital tract

Epidemiology of Tuberculosis of the Genital Tract

• Common in underdeveloped nations

• Most affected woman are in the reproductive age-group

• In Guyana*,– 900 new cases of active tb per year – estimated annual rate of infection is 3.2%– estimated 14% of the population is infected

*World TB report 2005

Pathogenesis of Miliary Tuberculosis

Bacilli in the air (droplet nuclei) inhaled

Replication in dependantlobe: primary focus

Early lymphohematogenousspread

Latent Foci

TB lymphadentis,Miliary Tuberculosis

Clinical Presentation and laboratory data of Tuberculosis of the Genital Tract

• Abdominal pain

• Pelvic pain

• Ascites

• Diarrhea

• Infertility

• Weight loss

• Amenorrhea or irregular menses

• Fever

• Anemia

• Elevated CA-125

Making the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis of the Genital Tract

• Laparoscopically directed biopsy

• Premenstrual endometrial tissue biopsy

• Histologic and PCR tests of peritoneal fluid, menstrual blood culture

• Exploratory laparotomy

Radiographic Features of Tuberculosis

Treatment of Tuberculosis of the Genital Tract

• Similar to treatment for TB at extrapulmonary sites.

• A 6-mo regimen

– 2 months of isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide

– 4 months of isoniazid and rifampin – Ethambutol should be used until the results of

drug susceptibility studies are available, unless there is little possibility of drug resistance

Thank you

• Medical Students

• Dr. Macari

• Dr. Chong

• Dr. Wei

• Dr. Grieco

• Dr. Blaser