Civil/Military Cooperation in Air Traffic Management

1Lead Instructor: Walter.White@AirTraffic.Biz

Learning Objectives

✈ By the end of this presentation you should understand:

✈An overview of Civil/Military Cooperation in Air Traffic Management

✈An overview of ICAO Circular 330

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Some History

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• The Convention on International Civil Aviation was signed in Chicago in 1944 by 52 States.

• Distinguishing civil aircraft operations from State aircraft operations was important enough to warrant the creation of Article 3, which excludes State aircraft used in military, customs and police services from ICAO’s regulations.

• ICAO came into being on 4 April 1947 after the 26th state ratification was received.

• As aviation has grown into a finite airspace the need for greater military/civil cooperation has developed.

Civil/Military Cooperation in ATM

• ICAO Circular 330• First published 2011

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ICAO 330 Civil/Military Cooperation in ATM

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• Prepared by Military and Civil experts.

• Offers guidance on and examples of successful practices for civil and Military cooperation

• Successful cooperation requires collaboration that is based on:• communication, • education, • a shared relationship, and • trust.

Need for Cooperation - Aviation Growth 1990 to 2010 to 2030

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Aviation Contributions

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Aviation Contributions

Air transport supports 2.7 million jobsand $129 billion in GDP in the Middle East

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Aviation Contributions

Air transport supports 6.7 million jobsand $67.8 billion in GDP in the Africa

Aviation Contributions

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Aviation Contributions

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Aviation Contributions

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Aviation Contributions

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Civil and Military Operations are Different

Civil and Military Support Each Other

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ICAO 330 Civil/Military Cooperation in ATM

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Flexible use of airspace (FUA).

An airspace management concept based on the principle that airspace should not be designated purely as civil or military, but rather as a continuum in which all user requirements are accommodated to the greatest possible extent.

Who are the stakeholders?

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MILITARY

AIRNAVIGATION

SERVICES PROVIDERS

AIRLINES

AIR TRAFFIC FLOW

& CAPACITY

MANAGEMENT

AIRPORTS

GENERALAVIATION

AERIAL WORK

AVIATION

SPORT AVIATION

AIRSPACE

Through the FUA Collaborative Decision Making Process

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How to satisfy all the stakeholders’ requirements ?

AIRSPACE & ROUTE

AVAILABILITY

ASMAirspace

Management

CDM

ATSAir Traffic Services Provision

ATFCMAir Traffic

Flow & Capacity

Management

STATES

AIRPORTS

MILITARY OPERATORS

CFMU

CIVIL OPERATORS

AIRSPACE MANAGEMENT

CELLS

MILITARYATS

AIR TRAFFIC DEMAND

AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL CAPACITY

CIVILATS

Flexible Airspace Structures

An FUA concept can be based on the potential offered by flexible and adaptable airspace structures and proceduresthat are especially suited to temporary allocation and utilization like:

• conditional routes (CDR),• temporary reserved area (TRA), • temporary segregated airspace (TSA), and • cross-border area (CBA).

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Conditional Routes

Conditional route: is a non-permanent ATS route or portion thereof which can be planned and used under specified conditions. According to its foreseen availability, flight planning possibilities and the expected level of activity of the possible associated TSA, a conditional route can be divided into the following categories:

Category 1CDR-1

Category 2CDR-2

Category 3CDR-3

Permanently plannableduring times published

in AIP

Non-Permanentlyplannable

Not plannable

Expected to be available most of the time. Plannable in the same way as permanent ATS routes. In the event of short notice unavailability, rerouting via ATC instructions.

Daily allocation in response to ATS capacity. Plannable only in accordance with daily plan. Part of a predefined routing scenario.

Usable on ATC instructions only. Used as short notice routing.

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FUA Airspace

Temporary reserved area (TRA): is airspace temporarily reserved and allocated for the specific use of a particular user for a determined period of time and through which other traffic may be allowed totransit under ATC clearance.

Temporary segregated airspace (TSA): is airspace temporarilysegregated and allocated for the exclusive use of a particular user during a determined period of time and through which other traffic Will not be allowed to transit.

Cross-border areas (CBA): is an airspace reservation/segregation established for specific operational requirements over international boundaries.

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Civil / Military Coordination

Policy and Strategic PlanningDefinition and review of national airspace policy and organization.

High-Level Civil / Military Airspace

Policy Body

Tactical Preplanning LevelDay-to day airspace allocation according to user requirements.

Joint Civil / Military Cell

(AMC)

Tactical Civil / Military CoordinationReal-time use of airspace allowing safe separation between civil and military aircraft.

AppropriateCivil / Military

ATS Units

Airspace management is performed at three organizational levels:

Joint Civil / Military Body

AMC

Airspace Management Cell (AMC)

Established by National Authority

Allocates airspace identified as TRA, TSA, CBA or CDR

Allocation decision notified by Airspace Use Plan (AUP)

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FUA Concept

How does it work in practice?

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Before FUA implementation …

ATS Route

ATS

Route

ATS

Route

D 007

FUA Concept in practice

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ATS Route

ATS

Route

ATS

Route

FUA Concept in practice

TRA 007

After FUA implementation an airspace may be published as a TRA.

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ATS Route

ATS

Route

ATS

Route

FUA Concept in practice

TRA 007

Conditional Route (CDR 1)

and a Permanently Plannable Route made available for flight planning

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ATS Route

ATS

Route

ATS

Route

FUA Concept in practice

TRA 007

or with FUA a TRA can be allocated the day before operation

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ATS Route

ATS

Route

ATS

Route

FUA Concept in practice

TRA 007

Conditional Route (CDR 2)

… and a Conditional Route (CDR 2) made available for flight planning

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ATS Route

ATS

Route

ATS

Route

FUA Concept in practice

TRA 007

… a Conditional Route (CDR 3) could be made available for tactical use.

Conditional R

oute

(CDR 3

)

With FUA as soon as a TRA is not active …

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FUA …

Europe

Germany

Japan

South Africa

MVPA

Recent FUA

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FUA