Post on 04-Jan-2016
CHEM 121
Chapter 3
1
Draw the Lewis Structures for each of the following neutral atoms:
• Cs
• Na
• F
• Ar
2
3-minute review
Reactivity of Elements
Compounds form so each atom can have a
Ionic compound:
Covalent compound:
3
• Metals• •
• Nonmetals• • •
-
Ions: charged particles
+
4
Predict whether these bonds in these molecules are ionic or covalent
• Br2
• CaO
• MgCl2
• NO2
5
3-minute review
Elements• Elements ordered by atomic number• “Periodic” trends• Periodic table by Mendeleev (1871)
1A 2A
3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 1B 2B
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
8A
Ionic Charge
6
Predict the most common ion for each of these:
• O
• I
• S
• Mg
• Cs
• Al
• N
3-minute review
7
Electron ConfigurationsFor ions:1.
2.
8
Ex. O2-
Ex. Al3+
Common ions in the body
9
Ionic Compounds
Cation + Anion +
Strontium and Iodine
Nitrogen and Cesium
10
Write the name for the compound that forms between the following pairs of elements:
• Sodium and fluorine
• Bromine and calcium
• Sodium and sulfur
• Sulfur and magnesium
11
3-minute review
Ionic Compounds
12
•
•
•
Ionic Compounds
• Net ionic charge
• Examples:• Potassium chloride
• Calcium bromide
• Magnesium sulfide
• Lithium oxide
13
Write the formula for the following compounds:
Sodium bromide
Magnesium chloride
Potassium sulfide
14
3-minute review
15
Metals that form more than one ion
• Usually in B groups (transition metals)• Ex. Iron
chromium
copper gold iron lead tin
Cr2+ Cu+ Au+ Fe2+ Pb2+ Sn2+
Cr3+ Cu2+ Au3+ Fe3+ Pb4+ Sn4+
Write the name for AuN
Write the formula for the following compounds:
Copper (II) iodide
Chromium (III) sulfide
Lead (IV) oxide
16
3-minute review
Properties of Ionic Compounds
•
•
•
•
•
17
+ + + +-- -
+ + + +-- -
-
-+ + + +
-- -
+ + + +-- -
-
-
Polyatomic IonsMonatomic Ions: Cl- Na+
Polyatomic ions:
Examples:
See Table 3.5 in your book
18
Polyatomic Ions
• Nitrate: charge =
• Sulfate: charge =
Examples:
19
Name the following:
• Al(OH)3
• NaNO3
• KNO2
• MgSO4
3-minute review
20