Charmed Hadron Spectroscopy At

Robert K. KutschkeFermilab

FCP01 March 7, 2001

1. Introduction

2. D**

3. DS**

4. C , C*

R. K. Kutschke Frontiers in Contemporary Physics, 2001.

At FermilabBeO charm

FOCUS: The Successor to E687

• Segmented BeO Target interleaved with SMDs.• Upgraded:

– EM Calorimetry.– Cerenkov system.– Muon ID capability.

• Data taken in 1996-1997.• More than 10 times the Luminosity

• >106 reconstructed “Golden Mode” Decays: D0K-K-and D+K-

Candidate Driven Vertexing

•Find charm candidate: good vertex, good particle ID.

•Seed primary vertex finder with the charm candidate.

•Require isolated secondary. One measure: L/L> cut.

•Add tracks from primary to form ccombinations.

P-wave Charmed Mesons

c D*, D

(K, K*)u,d,s

• L=1 between c and light quark ( q=u,d,s ).

• jlight = Slight + L , approximately good Q number if mC >> QCD Rosner: “the hydrogen atom of QCD”

• Idealized picture is a “doublet of doublets”.

• Strong decays to D(*) ( or D(*)K for DS )

u,d,s---

Idealized Picture of P-wave Charmed Mesons

Observed?

D2*+, D2

*0, Ds2*

D1+, D1

0, Ds1

No confirmed

candidates

(MeV/c2)

Decays

jlight

mc mc>>QC

DNo spins

Heavy quark symmetry:

jl=3/2 dominant decays are D-wave

jl=1/2 dominant decays are S-wave

Reminder:

D : JP = 0-

D*: JP = 1-Jlight

Angular Momentum and Parity Selection Rules

Decay L Decay L

All 5 decays in the multiplet are described by 2 parameters, the S wave and D wave amplitudes (x Wigner 6-j, x

phase space)

1+3/2 Decays via D-

1+1/2 Decays via S-

What’s Overly Simplified in the Ideal Picture?

• Doublets may overlap ( which 1+ is more massive?)

• Is suppression of S wave widths complete?

• Ds1 right at threshold for D*:

• Very narrow, < 2.3 MeV/c2 @ 90% CL.

• Data suggests mostly S-wave!

S-Wave Charm States at FOCUS

For S/B > 7,> 330,000 D candidates

D*+ D0

2000010000

0.140M(D0+)-M(D0)(GeV/c2)

0.144 0.148

For S/B > 5, 70,000 D*+ candidates

(GeV/c2)

M(Kor K3)

D0and D+ Mass Distributions

Wrong sign Wrong sign

Feed down from D2*, D1 partial

reconstruction

Feed down from D2*, D1 partial

reconstruction

M(D0+)-M(D0)+1.8646 (GeV/c2)

M(D+-)-M(D+)+1.8693 (GeV/c2)[ Shorthand: MF(D0) MF(D+) ]

Get Feed-down Line Shapes from Monte Carlo

D*o ++

, Do D2

D*o +*+

MF(D0) (GeV/c2)

3.02.62.42.22.0 2.8 3.02.62.42.22.0 2.8

MF(D0) (GeV/c2)

Beyond Signal Region all Shapes are Exponential

Side band: e-2.670.04

Wrong sign: e-2.380.01

Right sign: e-2.350.01

Side band: e-2.650.03

Wrong sign: e-2.270.01

Right sign: e-2.530.01

MF(D0) (GeV/c2) MF(D+) (GeV/c2)

Fitting the D0 Mass Distribution (1)Entr

=724 MeV/c2

2 / dof= 3.1

MF(D0) (GeV/c2)

Fit Results: Terms in the Fit:

1. Signal: D-wave Rel. BW, convoluted with a gaussian, = 7 MeV/c2.

2. Exponential extrapolated from 2.4 – 4.5 GeV/c2.

3. MC D1 Feed-down.

4. MC D2 Feed-downGet horrible fit!

( PDG(D2*+) = 25 8 MeV/c2 )

Fitting the D0 Mass Distribution (2)

MF(D0) (GeV/c2)

=724 MeV/c2

2 / dof= 3.1Fit Results:

MF(D0) (GeV/c2)

M=2468.21.5 MeV/c2

2 / dof= 1.8= 28.6±1.3 MeV/c2

Add 5th term to the fit: S-wave Rel. BW

D2 Do+*+

D*+ Do +

Pion momentum (GeV/c)

Reducing BG from Soft From D*+ Decays

M = 2468.5 2.1 MeV/c2

= 30.3 3.6 MeV/c2 D2

p> 10 GeV/c

MF(D0) (GeV/c2)

Fitting the D+- Mass Distribution

2 / dof = 0.9

MF(D+) (GeV/c2)

= 55 3 MeV/c2

2 / dof= 2

PDG ( D2*0 ) = 23 5 MeV/c2

MF(D+) (GeV/c2)

Signal + Exp + D1 + D2

+ S-Wave Rel. BW

= 30.5 1.9 MeV/c2

M = 2463.5 1.5 MeV/c2

D2* Mass and Width

Systematics

FOCUS D2* Results

Mass (MeV/c2) (MeV/c2)D2

*+ 2468.2 1.5 1.4 28.6 1.3 3.8

D2*0 2463.5 1.5 1.5 30.5 1.9

Prelim

PDG 2000: M+=24594, M0=2458.92.0, +=258, =235 MeV/c2.

D*+- Mass Distribution

Wrong sign

D10 Yield = 889

92 D2*0 Yield = 977

M((D0+))-M(D0)+2.0100

2.72.42.1

[ Shorthand: MF(D*+)]

(GeV/c2)

Prelim

Observation of the DS2* and DS1

c D*, D

-K, K*

DS2* D0 K+

D+ KS0

D0 K-+, K- ++-

D+ K-++

DS1 D*+ KS0

D*+ D0 +

Observation of the Ds2* at Focus

Prelim

First observation of the D+KS

0 mode!

D0K+ D+KS0

There are some real KS0 in

the sideband sample.

Simultaneous Fits to D0K+ and D+KS0

Spectra

1. DS2 Signal: D-wave Rel. BW

2. Smooth background shape

3. MC DS1 feeddown shape

4. MC DS2 feeddown shape. Significance is not stable with cut variations!

Terms in the fit:

• Simultaneous: M and same.• Errors are statistical only PDG:

M = 2573.5 ± 1.7 MeV/c2

= ± 5 MeV/c2

Prelim

First observation of D+KS0

Observation of the DS1 at FOCUS

Prelim

1. DS1 Signal: Non Rel BW, convoluted with a gaussian.

2. Smooth background shape.

3. DS2* Signal: D-wave Rel

Terms in the fit:

• Errors are statistical only

= 525.35 ± 0.34 MeV/c2

< 2.3 MeV/c2 @ 90 % CL.

M(D*+Ks0)-

M(D*+)

Some Charmed Baryons:

JP 3/2-c(2625)

1/2+c++

c(2593)

c(*) c

Definition: : I=0: I=1

P-Wave Baryon

Selection of cfor c++and c

0Studies

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4M(p+K-) (GeV/

• L/L > 6.

• Isolated secondary vertex.

• affirmative Id for p and K

• consistency for

• For c+study

•L/ > 4, Looser .

•Yield = 18346 248

• S/B = 1.19

c+p+ K-

Yield=12410 180

S/B = 1.7

7.890.11 MeV/c2

Sidebands

M(c0) – M(c

167.38 0.21 MeV/c2

M(c++) – M(c

167.35 0.19 MeV/c2

c++and c

0Masses

Yield = 362 36

Yield = 461 39

(GeV/c2)

(GeV/c2)M(C

+) – MC+

( CLEO 2.5 ICHEP 2000167.20.10.2 MeV/c2 )

( CLEO 2.5 ICHEP 2000167.40.10.2 MeV/c2 )

Source Systematic Error (MeV/c2)

+ c++c

Momentum Scale

0.05 0.05 0.00

Fitting 0.02 0.06 0.04Recon. Bias 0.04 0.04 0.00Analysis Cuts 0.10 0.10 0.10

Total 0.12 0.13 0.11

M(c++) – Mc

0=-0.03 0.28 0.11 MeV/c2

Systematic Errors

Phys. Lett. B488, 218-224, 2000.

M(c0) – M(c

+ ) = 167.38 0.21 0.13

MeV/c2M(c ) – M(c ) = 167.35 0.19 0.12 MeV/c2

Observation of c+ c

(GeV/c2)

0.2 0.4 0.16

0.3 0.18

0.14Mc

+ – Mc+

Mc+ –Mc

+168.0 1.0 0.3 MeV/c2

( CLEO hep_ex/0007041: Mc+ – Mc

+166.4 0.2 0.3 MeV/c2 )

Mc+ –Mc

00.6 1.0 0.3 MeV/c2

Yield =118 40

0Reconstructed in EMCAL.

Prelim

FOCUS 3.040.84 MeV/c2

Isospin Mass Differences

Mass Difference (MeV/c2)Particles PDG 1998 CLEO 2.5 FOCUS

N-P 1.293318 ± 0.000009

2.6 ± 0.4 8.08 ± 0.08 6.4 ± 0.6c

c 4.7 ± 0.6

-0.57 ± 0.23 0.03±0.28±0.11

-1.4 ± 0.6 0.7 ± 0.5 -0.6±1.0±0.3

Prelim

Theory has canceling contributions: quark masses, strong potential, Coulomb interaction, hyperfine ( EM + QCD ).

Natural Widths (MeV/c2)

c02.58

+0.51 -0.55 c

++2.53 0.77

+0.51 -0.56

0.200.180.160.140.160.14 0.18(GeV/c2)

Mc+ – McMc

+ – Mc

Signal Shape: BW convoluted with a gaussian.

Prelim

MeV/c2

( CLEO 2.5 ICHEP 2000: MeV/c2 )

MeV/c2

c++and c

Theoretical PredictionsAuthor ‡ (MeV/c2)

Ivanov 2.65 ± 0.19 2.85 ± 0.19Tawfig 1.57 1.64Huang 2.4 2.5Pirjol 1.0 - 3.0 1.1 - 3.1Rosner 1.32 ± 0.04 1.32 ± 0.04‡ References at end of talk.

Focus Preliminary Results2.58 ± 0.79

2.53 ± 0.77

+0.51 -0.56

+0.51 -0.55

Observation of c*++ and c

0.15 (GeV/c2)Mc

+ – Mc Mc+ – Mc

Mc0232.7 1.2

MeV/c2

Mc++234.21.5

MeV/c2

Prelim

9.4 3.7 MeV/c2 = 23.6 4.5 MeV/c2

Mc*0Mc

*++ = -1.5 1.9 MeV/c2

Yield = 1284 225

Yield = 593 146

( CLEO II: M0=232.61.00.8 M+

errs on

Observation of Excited c States

(GeV/c2)

M(c+) – M(c

c(2625):

M = 341.6 ± 0.3 MeV/c2

c(2593):

M = 308.1 ± 0.7 MeV/c2

Prelim

Errors are Stat only.

( PDG 2000: 341.7 0.6 )Yield = 371 ± 32

Yield = 100 ± 20( PDG 2000: 308.9 0.6 )

Summary and Conclusions

• Preliminary masses and widths in D** and DS** sectors.

• First observation of DS2* D+KS

• Confronting a new level of systematics in the D** sector

• We require something like the expected broad state to fit the mass difference spectrum successfully.

• Measurements of C++ and C

0 Masses and Widths

• Published: M(c++) – Mc

0=-0.03 0.28 0.11 MeV/c2

• Confirm C+, C

*++C*0 previously seen only by CLEO II.

• A good start on C*

References for Theory on Page 30

1. M.A. Ivanov et al., Phys. Lett. B442, 435 (1998).

2. M.A. Ivanov et al., Phys. Rev. D60, 094002 (1999).

3. S. Tawfig et al., Phys. Rev. D58, 054010 (1998).

4. M.-Q. Huang et al., Phys. Rev. D52, 3986 (1995).

5. D. Pirol and T.-M. Yan, Phys. Rev D56, 5483 (1997).

6. J.L. Rosner, Phys. Rev. D52, 6461 (1995).

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