Chapter 5: DNA, Gene Expression, and Biotechnology

Clicker Questionsby Kristen Curran, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater

Which answer will base pair with the following sequence?

AGTTCTCATGT

1. AGTTCTCATGT2. ACATGAGAACT3. TCAAGAGTACA4. UCAAGAGUACA

Different people can have free or attached earlobes. The DNA that encodes for making free or attached earlobes is called a(n) ________, and there are two different versions of it, called __________.

1. allele; genes2. trait; alleles3. gene; trait4. gene; alleles

Which molecule acts as a “middle man” between the nucleus, where transcription occurs, and the cytoplasm, where translation occurs?

1. DNA2. mRNA3. Protein4. Choices 1 and 3

are correct.

Classroom Catalyst

Transcription Activity

Which answer shows the correct orientation of the mRNA sequence (Phosphate (5’) Oxygen (3’)) given the DNA sequence below?

5’-TCATCTATCT-3’

1. 5’-UCAUCUAUCU-3’2. 5’-AGUAGAUAGA-3’3. 5’-AGAUAGAUGA-3’4. 5’-AGATAGATGA-3’

Classroom Catalyst

Translation Activity

Translate the following mRNA:

5’-CGAGCAUGGGCUUUAGG...1. MET-GLY-PHE-ARG…2. ARG-ALA-TRP-ALA-LEU…3. GLY-PHE-ARG-VAL-ARG…4. ARG-PHE-GLY-MET-SER…

Which answer shows the mRNA transcribed from the DNA sequence below?

5’-TTA TCC TTT ACT CAT-3’

1. 5’-AUG AGU AAA GGA UAA-3’2. 5’-AAU-AGG-AAA-UGA-GUA-3’3. 5’- TTA-TCC-TTT-ACT-CAT-3’4. 5’-UUA-AGG-AAA-TGA-GUA-3’

Which of the following changes (base substitutions and insertions are underlined and in bold) would have the most severe effect on the protein made from the mRNA in the last question?

5’-AUG AGU AAA GGA UAA-3’

1. AUG-AGU-AAG-GGA-UAA2. AUG-AGU-AAA-GGA-UAG3. AUG-GUA-AAG-GAU-AA 4. AUG-AGU-AAA-GGA-GUA-A

Why can one change in a nucleotide sequence of a gene cause a nonfunctional protein to be produced?1. The change can cause a stop codon to occur

early in translation and the full length protein is not translated.

2. A substitution can result in one incorrect amino acid being present in the protein which can affect the shape of the protein and therefore its function.

3. An insertion or deletion can occur early in the gene and result in an incorrect translation of the protein.

4. All of the above.

If you were trying to identify the gene for insulin, which particular step of the procedure outlined below would you use?

1. Cut human DNA into small pieces with a restriction enzyme.

2. Amplify the DNA pieces with PCR.3. Insert the gene into a plasmid and

insert into bacteria.4. Probe a gene library.

I would want to know if my genome or that of a loved one carries one or more copies of a gene that can cause a genetic disease.

1. Strongly agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly disagree

Which food below does not potentially contain GMOs?

1. Nacho chips2. Fruit juice3. Corn flakes4. Rice5. All of the above.

Using the DNA fingerprint information below, determine which suspect was present at the crime scene?

1. Suspect #12. Suspect #23. Suspect #34. All of the

above.

CrimeScene

Suspect #1

Suspect #2

Suspect #3

We should pursue cloning in animals but not humans.

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1. Strongly agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly

disagree

We should pursue cloning in humans for the purpose of developing or performing medical treatments.1. Strongly agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly disagree

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