Chapter 3 Chemical Foundations: Elements, Atoms and Ions.

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Transcript of Chapter 3 Chemical Foundations: Elements, Atoms and Ions.

Chapter 3Chapter 3

Chemical Foundations:

Elements, Atoms and Ions

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Top Ten Top Ten

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Table 3.1Table 3.1

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Table 3.3Table 3.3

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Figure 3.2: Representation of NO, NOFigure 3.2: Representation of NO, NO22, and N, and N22O.O.

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Figure 3.3: Plum Pudding model of an atom.Figure 3.3: Plum Pudding model of an atom.

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Figure 3.5: Rutherford’s experiment.Figure 3.5: Rutherford’s experiment.

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Figure 3.6: Results of foil experiment if Plum Pudding model had been correct.Figure 3.6: Results of foil experiment if Plum Pudding model had been correct.

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Figure 3.6: Actual Results.Figure 3.6: Actual Results.

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Figure 3.7: Schematic of a cathode ray tube.Figure 3.7: Schematic of a cathode ray tube.

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Figure 3.9: A nuclear atom viewed in cross section.Figure 3.9: A nuclear atom viewed in cross section.

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Figure 3.10: Two isotopes of sodium.Figure 3.10: Two isotopes of sodium.

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Figure 3.11: The periodic table.Figure 3.11: The periodic table.

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Figure 3.12: Elements classified as metals and nonmetals.Figure 3.12: Elements classified as metals and nonmetals.

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Figure 3.13: A collection of argon atoms.Figure 3.13: A collection of argon atoms.

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Figure 3.14: Nitrogen gas contains NXN molecules.Figure 3.14: Nitrogen gas contains NXN molecules.

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Figure 3.14: Oxygen gas contains OXO molecules.Figure 3.14: Oxygen gas contains OXO molecules.

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Table 3.5Table 3.5

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Figure 3.15: The decomposition of two water molecules.Figure 3.15: The decomposition of two water molecules.

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Figure 3.17: Spherical atoms packed closely together.Figure 3.17: Spherical atoms packed closely together.

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Figure 3.19: The ions formed by selected members of groups 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7.Figure 3.19: The ions formed by selected members of groups 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7.

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Figure 3.20: Pure water does not conduct a current.Figure 3.20: Pure water does not conduct a current.

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Figure 3.20: Water containing dissolved salt conducts a current.Figure 3.20: Water containing dissolved salt conducts a current.