Chapter 3 & 4: Ecology, Ecosystems, & CommunitiesMs. WasilewskiBiology

Do Now

1. What are abiotic factors? Give two examples.

2. What are biotic factors? Give two examples.

3. Which of the following statements about a controlled experiment is true?

a) all the variables must be kept the sameb) only one variable is tested at a timec) everything can be studied by setting up a

controlled experimentd) controlled experiments cannot be

performed on living things

Non living factors. Rocks, rain

Living factors. Plants, animals

Fair TestOne factor

changes, all others stay the same!!!

Homework and Announcements

• Due: Worksheets 3.1, 4.1

• Homework: Read/Notes 4.3,4.4,4.5Ecosystem Drawing (label abiotic and biotic factors)

Title: Ecology

L.O. SWBAT compare and describe abiotic and biotic factors in

a biome.

3.1 What is ecology?

The study of interactions among organisms

They study the biosphere – from Earth’s atmosphere to the trenches of the ocean and everything in-between

What is ecology?

These interactions are interdependent: between environments, everything is connected

We are constantly changing our surroundings by our habits (eating, driving, creating houses, etc).

Levels of Organization

Organism

Population

Community

Ecosystem

Biome

Planet Earth

Species: group of similar organisms that can breed and reproduce

Group of species

Different populations together

All organisms in an area & their non-living parts

Group of ecosystems that share similar climates and organisms

Levels of Organization

Biotic vs. Abiotic

Biotic: Living-Ex: Animals,

plants, bacteria

Abiotic: Non-living-Ex: Sunlight, water,

heat, soil

What levels of organization include abiotic factors?

Think about it….Biotic vs. Abiotic

Would bean seeds grow better in sand or soil??

What are some abiotic factors you can find it soil that you can’t find in sand?

Energy, Producers & Consumers

We need energy in order to survive… to get out of bed in the morning!

You can get your energy from a poptart, but where did the poptart get it?

Energy, Producers & Consumers

The ultimate source of energy is the sun!

Photosynthesis: Plants converting energy from the sun into “food”

Sometimes, organisms get energy from chemicals: Chemosynthesis

Bacteria that use sulfur deep in the ocean, or in volcanoes.

Energy, Producers & Consumers

Autotrophs: use solar / chemical energy to produce “food”.• “Food” is an inorganic

substance turned organic (now contains Carbon)

• Primary Producers

They store this energy to pass on to others. Without them, our ecosystem wouldn’t have any energy and you wouldn’t have any food!

Reminder!

Law of Conservation of

Energy

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it can only be transferred and converted!!

Energy, Producers & Consumers

We cannot make our own energy, we have to get it from other organisms

-Known as Heterotrophs or Consumers

Energy, Producers and Consumers

Different kinds of Consumers: Carnivores: kill and eat other

animals (lion)Scavengers: eat bodies of dead

animals (hyenas)Decomposers: break down organic

matter (bacteria)Herbivores: eat plant parts

(birds)Omnivores: eat both plants and

animals (us)

Detritivores: eat decomposers (shrimp)

Summary

5 Minutes of Silent Writing Time

(Example sentence starters)

Today I learned how to compare and discuss…

The law of conservation of energy says…

Organisms transfer energy by….