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THE FUTURE OF BUSINESSGitman & McDaniel
5th Edition
THE FUTURE OF BUSINESSGitman & McDaniel
5th Edition
Chapter
Managing the Firm’s FinancesManaging the Firm’s Finances
Prepared byDeborah Baker
Texas Christian University
Prepared byDeborah Baker
Texas Christian University
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1 What roles do finance and the financial manager play in the firm’s overall strategy?
2 How does a firm develop its financial plans, including forecasts and budgets?
3 What types of short-term and long-term expenditures does a firm make?
4 What are the main sources and costs of unsecured and secured short-term financing?
5 How do the two primary sources of long-term financing compare?
Learning Goals
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6 What are the major types, features, and costs of long-term debt?
7 When and how do firms issue equity, and what are the costs?
8 What trends are affecting the field of financial management?
Risk and Insurance Appendix:
9 What is risk and how can it be managed? What makes a risk insurable?
10What types of insurance coverage should businesses consider?
Learning Goals
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Learning Goal 1
What roles do finance andthe financial manager play
in the firm’s overall strategy?
1
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How Cash Flows Through a Business1
Owners’ investmentOwners’ investmentBorrowed FundsBorrowed Funds
Cash SalesCash Sales
Purchase ofFixed Assets
Purchase ofFixed Assets
Payment ofDividends
Payment ofDividends
Purchase ofInventory
Purchase ofInventory
Payment of Expenses
Payment of Expenses
Collection ofAccounts Receivable
Collection ofAccounts Receivable
Sale ofFixed Assets
Sale ofFixed Assets
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The Financial Manager’s Responsibilities1
Key Key ActivitiesActivities
Key Key ActivitiesActivities
Financial PlanningFinancial Planning
Investment(spending money)
Investment(spending money)
Financing(raising money)
Financing(raising money)
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The Goal of the Financial Manager1
Maximize Firm’s Value!Maximize Firm’s Value!Maximize Firm’s Value!Maximize Firm’s Value!
Opportunity Opportunity for Profitfor Profit
Opportunity Opportunity for Profitfor Profit
Potential Potential for Lossfor Loss
Potential Potential for Lossfor Loss
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Risk and Return Factors1
Social IssuesSocial Issues
Market ConditionsMarket Conditions
General Economic ConditionsGeneral Economic Conditions
Interest RatesInterest Rates
Changing Patterns of Market DemandChanging Patterns of Market Demand
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2 Learning Goal 2
How does a firm develop its financial plans, includingforecasts and budgets?
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2 Forecasting the Future
Short-TermForecasts
Short-TermForecasts
Operating Plansfor
one-year period
Operating Plansfor
one-year period
Long-TermForecasts
Long-TermForecasts
Strategic Plansfor
longer than one- year period
Strategic Plansfor
longer than one- year period
Project revenues, costs of goods,
operating expenses
Project revenues, costs of goods,
operating expenses
Broader view offinancial activitiesBroader view of
financial activities
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OperatingBudgets
OperatingBudgets
Capital BudgetsCapital Budgets
CashBudgetsCash
Budgets
2 Budgets
Forecast profitsForecast profits
Forecast outlays for fixed assetsForecast outlays for fixed assets
Forecast cash inflows and outflowsForecast cash inflows and outflows
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3 Learning Goal 3
What types of short-term and long-term expenditures
does a firm make?
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3 How Organizations Use Funds
ManageManageCurrent Current AssetsAssets
ManageManageCurrent Current AssetsAssets
CashCash
Accounts ReceivableAccounts Receivable
InventoryInventory
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3 How Organizations Use Funds
ManageManageLong-TermLong-Term
CapitalCapitalExpendituresExpenditures
ManageManageLong-TermLong-Term
CapitalCapitalExpendituresExpenditures
MachineryMachinery
BuildingsBuildings
LandLand
EquipmentEquipment
Information SystemsInformation Systems
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4
What are the main sources and costs of unsecured and secured short-term
financing?
Learning Goal 4
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4 Obtaining Short-Term Financing
RaisingRaisingFundsFunds
RaisingRaisingFundsFunds
Borrow Money(Debt)
Borrow Money(Debt)
Sell Ownership Shares(Equity)
Sell Ownership Shares(Equity)
Retain Earnings(Profits)
Retain Earnings(Profits)
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4 Unsecured Short-Term Loans
Bank LoansBank Loans •Lines of credit•Revolving credit agreement
•Lines of credit•Revolving credit agreement
TradeCreditTradeCredit Seller extends credit to the buyer Seller extends credit to the buyer
CommercialPaper
CommercialPaper
Unsecured short-term debt issuedby a financially strong corporationUnsecured short-term debt issuedby a financially strong corporation
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4 Secured Short-Term Loans
SecuredLoans
SecuredLoans
Borrower pledges specific assets as collateral, such as
accounts receivable or inventory.
Borrower pledges specific assets as collateral, such as
accounts receivable or inventory.
FactoringFactoring Firm sells its accounts receivable to a
factor, such as a commercial bank or commercial finance company.
Firm sells its accounts receivable to a factor, such as a commercial bank or commercial finance company.
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How do the two primary sources ofHow do the two primary sources oflong-term financing compare?long-term financing compare?
How do the two primary sources ofHow do the two primary sources oflong-term financing compare?long-term financing compare?
5 Learning Goal 5
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5 Debt versus Equity Financing
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6
What are the major types, features, What are the major types, features, and costs of long-term debt?and costs of long-term debt?
What are the major types, features, What are the major types, features, and costs of long-term debt?and costs of long-term debt?
Learning Goal 6
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6
BondsBonds Long-term debt obligations issuedby corporations and governments.Long-term debt obligations issuedby corporations and governments.
Term LoansTerm Loans A business loan with a maturity of more than one year.
A business loan with a maturity of more than one year.
Mortgage LoansMortgage Loans A long-term loan made againstreal estate as collateral.
A long-term loan made againstreal estate as collateral.
Debt Financing
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7
When and how do firms issue equity,When and how do firms issue equity,and what are the costs?and what are the costs?
When and how do firms issue equity,When and how do firms issue equity,and what are the costs?and what are the costs?
Learning Goal 7
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7
Venture CapitalVenture Capital
Preferred Stock Preferred Stock
Dividends & Retained EarningsDividends & Retained Earnings
Selling Common StockSelling Common Stock
Equity Financing
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8
What trends are affecting theWhat trends are affecting thefield of financial management?field of financial management?What trends are affecting theWhat trends are affecting the
field of financial management?field of financial management?
Learning Goal 8
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8
Work with top management to develop and implement the firm’s strategic direction
Reestablish public trust
Assure stakeholders of honest transactions and reporting
Maintain a higher profile with their companies’ boards
The Changing Role of the CFO
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8
Market riskMarket risk
Operational riskOperational risk
Credit riskCredit risk
Weighing the Risks after 9-11-2001
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9
What is risk and how can What is risk and how can it be managed?it be managed?
What makes a risk insurable?What makes a risk insurable?
What is risk and how can What is risk and how can it be managed?it be managed?
What makes a risk insurable?What makes a risk insurable?
Learning Goal 9
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9
StrategiesStrategiestoto
Manage RiskManage Risk
StrategiesStrategiestoto
Manage RiskManage RiskRisk reductionRisk reductionRisk reductionRisk reduction
Risk avoidanceRisk avoidanceRisk avoidanceRisk avoidance
Self-insuranceSelf-insuranceSelf-insuranceSelf-insurance
Risk transferenceRisk transferenceRisk transferenceRisk transference
Risk Management
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10
What types of insurance coverageWhat types of insurance coverageshould businesses consider?should businesses consider?
What types of insurance coverageWhat types of insurance coverageshould businesses consider?should businesses consider?
Learning Goal 10
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There must be many similar exposures to perilThere must be many similar exposures to peril
Losses must be financially measurableLosses must be financially measurable
Peril must not be likely to affect all parties at same timePeril must not be likely to affect all parties at same time
Company must have the right to set standards for coverage
Company must have the right to set standards for coverage
The loss must not be under control of insuredThe loss must not be under control of insured
Potential loss must be significantPotential loss must be significant
Insurance ConceptsInsurable Risks
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10
LifeLife
HealthHealth
LiabilityLiability
PropertyProperty
Types of Insurance
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Title insuranceTitle insurance
Fidelity and surety bondsFidelity and surety bonds
Theft insuranceTheft insurance
Business interruption insuranceBusiness interruption insurance
Professional liability insuranceProfessional liability insurance
Special Types of Business Liability Insurance