Chapter 2 section 2

Egypt

What purposes do rivers serve???

Geography: The Nile River (DNWTD)

Without the Nile, Egypt would be swallowed up by deserts that surround it

The desert protected Egypt from invasion, but it also limited where people could settle.

Farmers took advantage of the Nile by planting wheat and flax. Flax is a plant whose fibers were used for clothing.

Flooding produced good land for farmers (silt)

Nile Delta

A delta is a triangular shaped landform where the mouth of a river flows into an ocean, sea, desert or lake,

A View of Egypt by Satellite

A View of Egypt by Satellite

The Annual Flooding of the Nile

The Annual Flooding of the Nile

The Fertile Nile Valley

The Fertile Nile Valley

Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf

Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf

Ancient Egyptian History

Ancient Egyptian HistoryPeriods Time Frame

Nile Culture Begins 3900 B. C. E.

Archaic 3100 – 2650 B. C. E.

Old Kingdom 2650 – 2134 B. C. E.

Middle Kingdom 2040 – 1640 B. C. E.

New Kingdom 1550 – 1070 B. C. E.

Late Period 750 – 332 B. C. E.

Greek Ptolemaic Era

332 – 30 B. C. E.

Roman Period 30 B. C. E. – 395 C. E.

Menes: Unifier of Upper & Lower Egypt

Menes: Unifier of Upper & Lower Egypt

c. 3050 B. C. E. ?

c. 3050 B. C. E. ?

Ancient Egyptian Housing

Ancient Egyptian HousingMiddle Class

HomesMiddle Class Homes

Peasant Homes

Peasant Homes

Scenes of Ancient EgyptianDaily Life

Scenes of Ancient EgyptianDaily Life

Ancient Egypt Government

– Ruled by Pharaohs who organized a strong, centralized state.

– Egyptians believed the Pharaoh was a god – Owned the land, and had absolute power. – Took pride in preserving justice and order

DNWTD

The Pharaoh depended on a Vizier, or chief minister to supervise the business of the Government.

under the vizier, various bureaus looked after matters like tax collection, farming, and irrigation of the crops.

scribes carried out the vizier's wishes

Egyptian Social Hierarchy

Egyptian Social Hierarchy

Class structure

Pharaoh Priest/Nobles Wealthy Merchants Artisans Farmers (peasants) Slaves

                                                    

The Egyptians are well known for their pyramids

tombs for eternity Believed in afterlife, they preserved

their dead rulers and provided them with everything they would need in their new lives.

Preparation for the Afterlife

Preparation for the Afterlife

Egyptian MummiesEgyptian Mummies

Seti I1291-1278 B.

C. E.

Seti I1291-1278 B.

C. E.

Queen Tiye, wife of

Amenhotep II1210-1200 B. C. E.

Queen Tiye, wife of

Amenhotep II1210-1200 B. C. E.

Ramses II1279-1212 B.

C. E.

Ramses II1279-1212 B.

C. E.

DNWTD

Farmers were expected to work for the Pharaoh in the off season

Women-high status- could own property/business/buy and sell goods. They could also go to court to get divorces.

QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.

Egyptian form of writing Used symbols

to represent words

QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.

Papyrus PaperPapyrus Paper

Papyrus PlantPapyrus Plant

Hieratic Scroll Piece

Hieratic Scroll Piece

Egyptian Math & Draftsmenship

Egyptian Math & Draftsmenship

1 10 100 1000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000

What number is this?

What number is this?

Champollion & the Rosetta Stone

Champollion & the Rosetta Stone

Hieroglyphic

“Cartouche”

Hieroglyphic

“Cartouche”

Hieroglyphics “Alphabet”Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic

symbols 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic

symbols