Transcript of Chapter 17 Functions of the Skin And Aging of the Skin.
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- Chapter 17 Functions of the Skin And Aging of the Skin
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- Functions of Skin To better understand the problems involved in
cleansing and proper skin care, we must first look at the skin
itself The skin is an organ that protects our body from invasion
It, next to the brain, is the most complex organ of the body Our
skin is continuously working in its own efficient manner to act as
an intermediary between our bodies and our environment, performing
many functions
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- Functions of the Skin The principal functions of the skin
Protection Sensation Heat regulation Excretion Secretion Absorption
Respiration
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- Protection Skin protects the body from Injury Bacterial
invasion Heat, cold Environment Outermost layer of the epidermis
Covered w/ thin layer of sebum, which renders it waterproof
Resistant to wide variations in temperature & minor injuries
& chemically active substances
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- Sensation Stimulation of sensory nerve endings Skin responds to
heat, cold, touch, pressure & pain & pleasurable sensations
When stimulated a message is sent to the brain Acts with lightening
speed, to enable us to react You respond by saying Ouch pain
Scratching itch Pulling away something hot Sensory nerve endings
located near hair follicles
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- Heat Regulation Skin protects the body from the environment
Healthy body maintains a constant internal temperature of 98.6
Maintains its inside temperature no matter what the temperature may
be outside the body Blood and sweat glands make adjustments to
allow body to be cooled by the evaporation of sweat
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- Excretion Perspiration from the sweat glands is excreted
through he skin Water lost through perspiration takes salt &
other chemicals with it Eliminates sweat, salt and wastes from the
body
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- Secretion Sebum, or oil, is secreted by the sebaceous glands
The oil lubricates the skin, keeping it soft & pliable Keeps
the hair soft Emotional stress can increase the flow of sebum By
containing water to keep the skin soft and supple, and by
discharging perspiration and the oil,, sebaceous material that is
the skins best lubricant
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- Absorption Limited, but it does occur It permits certain
substance to pass through its tissues Female hormones, when used as
an ingredient of a face cream, can enter the body through the skin
& influence it Fatty materials, such as lanolin creams, are
absorbed largely through hair follicles & sebaceous gland
openings
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- Respiration To a small extent, the skin breathes Exhales carbon
dioxide Eliminates other unwanted gases
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- Aging of the Skin The process that takes many years & can
be influenced by many different factors Factors like the sun, the
environment, health habits, & general lifestyle Heredity has
little to do with the overall process
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- Sun & its Effects UV rays have the greatest impact on how
our skin ages Approx. 80 to 85% of our aging is caused by the rays
of the sun As we age, the collagen & elastin fibers naturally
weaken If skin is frequently exposed to UV rays without protection
this process is faster
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- UVA rays UVA rays also called the aging rays 90 to 95% of the
suns UV rays reach the earths surface This weakens collagen &
elastin Causing wrinkling & sagging in tissues
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- UVB rays Also referred to as theburning rays Cause tanning by
affecting the melanocytes These cells of the epidermis are
responsible for producing melanin, the skin pigment Melanin is
designed to help protect the skin from UV rays but can be altered
or destroyed if too much UV rays penetrate the skin UVB is not as
deep as UVA, but are equally damaging to the skin and can damage
the eyes as well On a positive note, UVB rays contribute to the
bodys synthesis of Vitamin D & other important minerals
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- Advise Clients on Sun Exposure Wear moisturizer or protective
lotion w/ sunscreen SPF 15% or higher Avoid hours between 10 am and
3 pm Apply sunscreen after swimming or any activities that result
in heavy perspiration Apply periodically throughout the day as a
precaution Self examinations of moles on your bodies for changes
All sunscreen should be full or broad spectrum to filter out UVA
& UVB Check expiration dates on bottles Avoid exposing children
younger than 6 month Wear a hat & protective clothing when
outdoors Redheads susceptible to sun damage See a dermatologist for
checkups if any changes in coloration, size or shape of a mole
are
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- Skin Aging & the Environment Changes in our environment
greatly influences of aging Pollutants in the air From factories
Automobile exhaust Secondhand smoke Best defense against pollutants
Good daily skin care routine Routine washing & exfoliating at
night to remove the buildup pollutants Application of daily
moisturizer, protective lotions & foundation products help to
protect the skin
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- Aging & Lifestyle What we choose to put into our bodies
also has a profound effect on the overall aging process Smoking
& tobacco Cause cancer, linked to premature aging and wrinkling
of the skin Nicotine causes contraction & weakening of the
blood vessels & small capillaries, causing decreased
circulation of the tissues Skin will appear yellowish or gray in
color & dull in appearance
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- Aging & Lifestyle Drinking Opposite yet equally damaging
effect on the skin Heavy or excessive intake causes over-dilated
blood vessels & capillaries Can cause them to burst if excess
usage continues Causes a constant flush appearance & red
splotches in the whites of the eyes Dehydrate the skin by drawing
essential water out of the tissues, which causes the skin to appear
dull & dry Taking drugs Drugs interfere w/ the bodys intake of
oxygen, thus affecting healthy cell growth Aggravate serious skin
conditions, such as acne Others can cause dryness & allergic
reactions on the skins surface
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- Aging & Lifestyle Making poor dietary choices Smoking &
drinking contributes to the aging process on their own, but the
combination of the two can be devastating to the tissues Fatty
foods Drugs Proper diet It is very difficult for the skin to adjust
& repair itself Damage done by these lifestyle habits is hard
to reverse or diminish
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- Summary The old adage a stitch in time is not corny, after all,
for with care and a good daily program of maintenance of the skin,
we can help ourselves and our clients in the salon to have and keep
beautiful skin