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7/30/2019 Chapter 15 Cellular Respiration 5
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15.1: Types of respiration: aerobic and
anaerobic
15.2 : Aerobic respiration
15.3 : Anaerobic respiration :
fermentation and application
Electrons
carried
via NADH
Electrons carried
via NADH and
FADH2
Citric
acid
cycle
Pyruvate
oxidation
Acetyl CoA
Glycolysis
Glucose Pyruvate
Oxidative
phosphorylation:
electron transport
and
chemiosmosis
CYTOSOL MITOCHONDRION
ATP ATP ATP
Substrate-level
phosphorylation
Substrate-level
phosphorylation
Oxidative
phosphorylation
A sequence ofelectron
carrier molecules
(membrane proteins)
that shuttle electrons
down a series of redox
reactions that release
energy used to make
ATP
(Campbell,9th edition)
(carrying electrons from food)
INTERMEMBRANE
SPACE
MITOCHONDRIAL MATRIX
H
H
H
2 H + 1/2 O2 H2O
NAD
FADH2 FAD
Q
NADH
I
II
III
IV
Cyt c
NADH
dehydrogenase Ubiquinone
(Coenzyme
Q)
Cytochrome bc1
(reductase)
Cytochrome C
Cytochrome c
oxidase
Succinate
dehydrogenase
The Electron Transport
Chain
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7
Explain chemiosmosis: proton motive force
At the end of this subtopic, students should able to :
Review:
Oxidative Phosphorylation
What is Oxidative Phosphorylation?
The Formation of ATP through combination of
Proton (Hydrogen ions) Pumping by Electron
Transport Chain and the action ofATP Synthase.
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Scott Freeman. Biological Science. 2ndedition. International edition. page 194.
Pearson.Prentice Hall.
A membrane-bound enzyme in chloroplast and
mitochondria that uses the energy of protons
flowing through it to synthesize ATP.
What is ATP Synthase?
A membrane-bound enzyme in chloroplastsand mitochondria that uses the energy of
protons flowing through it to synthesize ATP.
What is ATP Synthase?
Scott Freeman. Biological Science. 2ndedition. International edition. Pears on.Prentice Hall.
Intermembrane space Rotor StatorH
Internal
rodCatalytic
knob
ADP+P i
ATP
Mitochondrial matrix
ATP Synthase
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How does the mitochondrion couple this
electron transport and energy release to
ATP synthesis?
The production of ATP via proton movement,
through ATP synthase across a membrane,driven by a proton gradient.
What is Chemiosmosis?
Scott Freeman. Biological Science. 2ndedition. International edition. Pearson Prentice Hall.
Chemiosmosis:
The Energy-Coupling Mechanism
The chain uses the exergonic flow of electron to pumpH+ from the mitochondrial matrix to the
intermembrane space of mitochondrion. 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Protein complex
of electron
carriers
(carrying electrons from food)
INTERMEMBRANE
SPACE
MITOCHONDRIAL MATRIX
H
H H
2 H + 1/2 O2 H2O
NAD
FADH2 FAD
Q
NADH
I
II
III
IV
Cyt c
(carrying electrons from food)
INTERMEMBR
SPACE
MITOCHONDRIAL MATR
H
H H
2 H + 1/2 O2H2O
NAD
FADH2 FAD
Q
NADH
I
II
III
IV
Cyt c
Proton Gradient
Concentration of H+ is higher in intermembrane space.
High H+ concentration also tend to drive proton back in
by diffusion. 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H H H
H H
Proton Gradient
Positively charge protons are attracted to the matrix (more
negative)
But its occurs very slow membrane impermeable to ions 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
(carrying electrons from food)
INTERMEMBRANE
SPACE
MITOCHONDRIAL MATRIX
H
H H
2 H + 1/2 O2 H2O
NAD
FADH2 FAD
Q
NADH
I
II
III
IV
Cyt c
H
H
H
H
H
H
H H
H H H
H H
--
-
-
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The H+ gradient results is
referred to as a proton
motive force.Most of protons that reenter
the matrix instead pass
through ATP Synthase.
ATP Synthase uses the
energy of the proton
gradient to catalyze the
synthesis of ATP from ADP
and Pi.
INTER-
MEMBRANE
SPACE
H ADP + P i
MITO-
CHONDRIAL
MATRIX
ATP
synthase
H
ATP
Proton Motive Force
Slide number: 21
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A membrane-bound enzyme in chloroplast and
mitochondria that uses the energy of protonsflowing through it to synthesize ATP.
What is ATP Synthase?
Explain complete oxidation of one
molecule of glucose in active cells
Anaerobic respiration : fermentation
and its application