Chapter 14

In the United States, everyone is classified as

eithera ______________

oran _____________.

A Nation of ImmigrantsA Nation of Immigrants

A Nation of ImmigrantsA Nation of Immigrants

• Citizens

• Aliens

Types of Immigrants and AliensTypes of Immigrants and Aliens

• Resident Alien

• Non-resident Alien

• Enemy Alien

• Refugee

• Illegal Alien

Rights of AliensRights of Aliens

• Bill of Rights applies to aliens

• Aliens required to – Pay taxes– Obey the law– Be loyal

• Cannot vote• Not guaranteed right to travel freely

Immigration PolicyImmigration Policy

• 1776-1882 Few restrictions on immigration

• 1882-1924 Growth of restrictions

Barred

• Mentally handicapped

• Convicts

• Paupers

• Foreign-born Chinese

25,000,000 immigrants

• 1925-1965 National Origins Quotas– Established quotas from various

countries– Reduced number of immigrants

by 80%– Favored northern & western

Europeans

• Legal immigration dropped sharply

Immigration PolicyImmigration Policy

Immigration to the U.S.Immigration to the U.S.

Immigration to the U.S.Immigration to the U.S.

Immigration to the U.S.Immigration to the U.S.

41%

59%

1

2

• Immigration Reform Act of 1965

Quotas• 120,000 from Americas• 170,000 from rest of world

Preference for immigrants who are:• Skilled• Family• Professionals

Immigration PolicyImmigration Policy

Effect of Immigration Reform Act of 1965

Yes, it focused on Mexico, but it still discriminated against common (unskilled) workers.

Since common (unskilled) workers could not qualify, they simply came to U.S. illegally.

Immigration PolicyImmigration Policy

Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986

Solution

Amnesty

Move toward citizenship

Punish employers who hire illegal aliens

Immigration PolicyImmigration Policy

• Immigration Act of 1990

– Recognized that most immigrants are coming from Asia and Latin America

– Preference for skilled and educated immigrants

Immigration PolicyImmigration Policy

• Efforts since 9/11 to establish greater control over illegal immigration.

• Legal immigration has been slowed by background screening.

• Extremely controversial issues:– Racism– Economic elitism

Immigration PolicyImmigration Policy