Copyright © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.McGraw-Hill/Irwin

CHAPTER FIVE

INFRASTRUCTURES: SUSTAINABLE

TECHNOLOGIES

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CHAPTER OVERVIEW

SECTION 5.1 – MIS INFRASTRUCTURE• The Business Benefits of a Solid MIS Infrastructure• Supporting Operations: Information MIS Infrastructure• Supporting Change: Agile MIS Infrastructure

SECTION 5.2 – BUILDING SUSTAINABLE MIS INFRASTRUCTURES• MIS and the Environment• Supporting the Environment: Sustainable MIS

Infrastructure

SECTION 5.1

MIS INFRASTRUCTURES

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LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. Explain MIS infrastructure and its three primary types

2. Identify the three primary areas associated with an information MIS infrastructure

3. Describe the characteristics of an agile MIS infrastructure

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THE BUSINESS BENEFITS OF A SOLID MIS INFRASTRUCTURE

MIS infrastructure – Includes the plans for how a firm will build, deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and MIS assets• Hardware• Software• Network• Client• Server

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THE BUSINESS BENEFITS OF A SOLID MIS INFRASTRUCTURE

Supporting operations• Information MIS infrastructure

Supporting change• Agile MIS Infrastructure

Supporting the environment• Sustainable MIS infrastructure

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SUPPORTING OPERATIONS: INFORMATION MIS INFRASTRUCTURE

Backup and recovery plan Disaster recovery plan Business continuity plan

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BACKUP AND RECOVERY PLAN

Backup – An exact copy of a system’s information

Recovery – The ability to get a system up and running in the event of a system crash or failure• Fault tolerance• Failover• Failback

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BACKUP AND RECOVERY PLAN

Disaster recovery plan - A detailed process for recovering information or an IT system in the event of a catastrophic disaster such as a fire or flood

Disaster recovery cost curve - Charts (1) the cost to the organization of the unavailability of information and technology and (2) the cost to the organization of recovering from a disaster over time

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BACKUP AND RECOVERY PLAN

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BACKUP AND RECOVERY PLAN

Hot site - A separate and fully equipped facility where the company can move immediately after a disaster and resume business

Cold site - A separate facility that does not have any computer equipment, but is a place where employees can move after a disaster

Warm site – A separate facility with computer equipment that requires installation and configuration

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BUSINESS CONTINUITY PLAN

Business continuity planning (BCP) - A plan for how an organization will recover and restore partially or completely interrupted critical function(s) within a predetermined time after a disaster or extended disruption• Emergency notification services

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SUPPORTING CHANGE: AGILE MIS INFRASTRUCTURE

Characteristics of an agile MIS infrastructure• Accessibility• Availability• Maintainability• Portability• Reliability• Scalability• Usability

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ACCESSIBILITY

Accessibility - Refers to the varying levels that define what a user can access, view, or perform when operating a system

Administrator access – Unrestricted access to the entire system

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AVAILABILITY

Availability – Time frames when the system is operational

Unavailable – Time frames when a system is not operating and cannot be used

High availability – System is continuously operational at all times

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MAINTAINABILITY

Maintainability – How quickly a system can transform to support environmental changes

Organizations must watch today’s business, as well as tomorrow’s, when designing and building systems

Systems must be flexible enough to meet all types of business changes

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PORTABILITY

Portability – The ability of an application to operate on different devices or software platforms

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RELIABILITY

Reliability - Ensures a system is functioning correctly and providing accurate information

Reliability is another term for accuracy when discussing the correctness of systems within the context of efficiency IT metrics

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SCALABILITY

Scalability - How well a system can scale up, or adapt to the increased demands of growth

Performance - Measures how quickly a system performs a process or transaction

Capacity planning - Determines future environmental infrastructure requirements to ensure high-quality system performance

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USABILITY

Usability – The degree to which a system is easy to learn and efficient and satisfying to use

SECTION 5.2

BUILDING SUSTAINABLE

MIS INFRASTRUCTURES

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LEARNING OUTCOMES

4. Identify the environmental impacts associated with MIS

5. Explain the three components of a sustainable MIS infrastructures along with their business benefits

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MIS AND THE ENVIRONMENT

Moore’s Law - Refers to the computer chip performance per dollar doubles every 18 months

Sustainable, or “green,” MIS - Describes the production, management, use, and disposal of technology in a way that minimizes damage to the environment

Corporate social responsibility - Companies’ acknowledged responsibility to society

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MIS AND THE ENVIRONMENT

Three Primary Side Effects Of Businesses’ Expanded Use Of Technology

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INCREASED ELECTRONIC WASTE

Ewaste - Refers to discarded, obsolete or broken electronic devices

Sustainable MIS disposal - Refers to the safe disposal of MIS assets at the end of their life cycle

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INCREASED ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Huge increases in technology use have greatly amplified energy consumption

The energy consumed by a computer is estimated to produce as much as 10 percent of the amount of carbon dioxide produced by an automobile

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INCREASED CARBON EMISSIONS

The major human-generated greenhouse gases, such as carbon emissions from energy use, are very likely responsible for the increases in climatic temperature over the past half a century

When left on continuously, a single desktop computer and monitor can consume at least 100 watts of power per hour

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SUPPORTING THE ENVIRONMENT: SUSTAINABLE MIS INFRASTRUCTURE

The components of a sustainable MIS infrastructure include• Grid computing• Cloud computing• Virtualized computing

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GRID COMPUTING

Grid computing - A collection of computers, often geographically dispersed, that are coordinated to solve a common problem

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CLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud computing - Refers to the use of resources and applications hosted remotely on the Internet

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CLOUD COMPUTING

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Software as a Service (SaaS) Platform as a Service (PaaS)

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VIRTUALIZED COMPUTING

Virtualization - Creates multiple “virtual” machines on a single computing device

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VIRTUALIZED COMPUTING

Data center – A facility used to house management information systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems

Sustainable data centers

• Reduces carbon emissions

• Reduces required floor Space

• Chooses Geographic location

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LEARNING OUTCOME REVIEW

Now that you have finished the chapter please review the learning outcomes in your text