Post on 05-Jul-2015
description
STRUCTURE & PHYSIOLOGY
THE CELL
Group Names
1- YASMIN YEHIA2- AMGAD HUSSEIN
3- SERAG ALI4- MOHAMED MOKHTAR
5- AHMED HASAN6- WALEED ABD ELAZIZ
Definition of cell
The cell is the fundamental unit of structuree
Cell structure
Type of cell
eukaryotesHave nucleusHave DNACell division (mitosis& meiosis)E.g animals& plants
ProkaryotesNo nucleusNo DNACell division by binary fissionE.g bacteria
Cell growth and metabolism
Cell grow through the functioning of cellular metabolism. Cell metabolism is the process by which individual cells process nutrients molecules . Metabolism has two distinct division: catabolism, in which the cell breaks down complex molecules to produce energy and anabolism, in which the cells use energy and to construct molecules and perform other biological functions.
Function of cell
1. Cell division
2. Transport Metabolism
3. Transport through cell membrane
Cell division
Is the process by which new cells are formed for growth, repair, and replacement at the body
Types of cell division
Mitosis: which result in two cell identical to the one parent cell
Meiosis: daughters cell with half genetic material
Mitosis
Prophase: cell prepared to division
metaphase
anaphase
Cell membrane
1. Definition it is structure to protect cell and control the enterers of substance
2. Description it is bilipids layer embedded between protein lipids
head H2O soluble +ve charge called hydrophili
Tail H2O in soluble -ve called hydrophobic
Function
1. It acts as barrier, enclosing and protecting the component of cell
2. It acts as agate, controlling the flow of molecules in and out of the cell
The cell must selectively absorb nutrients that are essential to its growth and function
Osmosis Diffusion Active transport filtration
Diffusion
It occurs only in substances is the movement of substance through the membranes from any area of high concentration gradient this process called passive diffusion
• Another type of diffusion is facilitate in diffusion occurs when water soluble molecule move through the membrane with the help of proteins
Active transport
Is the movement of the substance against the concentration gradient from low concentration to high amount of high amount of energy ATP
filtration
Is the movement of water and solutes from an area of high hydrostatic pressure to an area of low hydrostatic pressure
Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure that is created by the weight of fluid
Cystic fibrosis
Genetic defect in transport of substances through cell membrane