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WELCOME

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ByMUTHUKUMAR.m

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Effluents Treatment at MRL, Chennai

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MRL(Madras Refinery Limited) has taken steps in managing the effluents discharging efficiently.

The MRL has two treatment plants designed to meet IS2490 quality control standards.

New plant for treatment facilities consist of Cooling Water TreatmentTreating sour and merox waterTreating floor wash and stream water

to remove oil.

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Cont.…Contaminants from above treatment facilities

1) Processes and utility stream oil & Grease Hydrogen sulphide Phenols Acids & Alkalis

2) Strom and wash water stream Oil & Grease

3) General purpose stream Waste water

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Bold initiatives & water management taken by MRL

MRL installed non-chromate type treatment to avoid chromium mixing with effluent.

MRL also install tertiary treatment to treat secondary treated sewage of Madras water supply and Sewage board.

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Taj Trapezium case

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Taj Mahal

The “Taj Mahal” is the “King of Emperor” amongst world wonder. It is one of the most priceless national monuments and also a glorious reputation to the men’s achievements in architecture and “Engineering”.

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Cont.…

The chemical industries and refinery at Mathura are source of damage “Taj Mahal”.

SO3 came from the industry react with moisture in atmosphere and form the “Acid Rain”.

This will make corroding effect on clean white marble.

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Cont.…The judgment vigorously applied the

“precautionary principle” and in May 1999,the Central Government constituted the Taj Trapezium Pollution Authority.

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Bhopal Gas Tragedy

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Bhopal Gas Leakage

The world’s worst industrial accident occurred in Bhopal city, M.P. on midnight of 3 Dec 1984.

Who manufactures some carbonate pesticides, using Methyl isocyanate(MIC).

The reactor exploded due to the failure of the cooling system

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Effects lower amount of MIC it affects lungs, eyes and

cause irritation on skin.Higher amount of MIC cause O2 remove from

lungs and cause death

MIC spread over 40 sq.km area 5000 persons were killed65000 people suffer from eye & reparatory disorder1000 person became blind

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Arsenic pollution in ground water

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The excessive use of Lead & copper arsenate as pesticides cause the toxic heavy metal “Arsenic Pollution”.

EffectsThe people were ingesting low does for 10-14

years were affect by white & black spots in skin called melanosis.

Long exposure lead to bladder & lung cancer.Children are more badly affect by arsenicosis.

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Soft drink bottling unit(Coca-Cola )

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The coca-cola bottling unit inplachimada, Palakkad district, Kerala, discharged large amount of sludges.

Analysis of sludges contains the toxic metals like “Cadmium & Lead”. It will pollute the land & local water supplies

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Mercury wastes

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Mercury is a toxic metal.Thermometer manufacturing company releases a

very small amount of mercury(0.1 mg/kg) it contaminates the soil

Hindustan Lever Ltd(HLL), Kodaikanal dispose its mercury laden glass waste into nearby area and create land pollution. By people intervention now HLL transfer large quantities of waste to USA.

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Palar River-pollution

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Palar river flows for 350 km through Karnataka, A.P & T.N & supplies drinking water for several village & town in Vellore district in T.N.

it affect by the various leather industries in turn affecting the 40,000 hectares cropland.

Types of pollutantsChromiumCalciumAmmonium saltsOrganic dyesacids

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Industrial pollution(Textile & dye industries)

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Around Tirupur nearly500 dying units195 bleaching units

they consume large amount of water for processing and discharge waste water.

this make surface and under ground water nit suitable for the domestic purpose increase the water “PH” value

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Cont….The rivers get polluted due to the mixing of

the effluent from the industries.Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board(TNPCB)

Has directed all textile & dying industries to not allow the effluent to mix in the river system.

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Marine pollution

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Spilled oil, breaks down the natural insulating oils & Waxes which shield bird fro water. Ultimately they loose their insulation, start shivering and froze death in winter.

30,000 birds died in “Torry canyon” incident.150 rare species of bald eagles died in “Exxn valdez”

accident

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Gulf War

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“Gulf War” took in Kuwait in 1991 between Iraq and USA. During the war they drop lakh of bombs and forced Iraq army from Kuwait .

Fire nearly 700 oil wells in KuwaitMost of wells shore of the sea spread oil over

sea covered nearly 80-25 km wide area.Oil wells burned nearly for 10months It

released lot of co2 & so2 to atmosphere

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Effects

Nearly 1million birds killed due to oil slick.The oil slick in sea made the desalination plants

ineffective

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MiniaMatta Epidemic(1953)

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MiniaMatta is a small coastal village in japan. The “Chisso Chemical Company” which produce “vinyl polymer”

The industry released the effluent into the MiniaMatta sea, the effluent contain “Mercury ion” it convert into “Methyl Mercury” High Toxic.

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EffectsThe effluent observe by sea plants it transfer

to human by the food chain.Loss of vision and hearingLoss of muscular co-ordinationCause severe headacheNervous disorder

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Chernobyl Nuclear disaster(Nuclear pollution)

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In Apr 26, 1986 the melt down of Nuclear reactor, in Russia, has leaked out the radioactive rays & radioactive materials

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EffectsNearly 2000 person were killed by the accidentPeople suffer due to illness such as

Degeneration of the cellsSevere bleedingAnemiaSkin cancer

Animals & plants are also affect by the radiation.

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THANK YOU