EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON

THE COMBUSTION OF JP-8 JET FUEL

Carolyn Fortson

Ken Brezinsky, Advising Professor

Brad Culbertson, Project Advisor

Create computer model for chemical reactions in jet engine after burn

US Air Force concerned about jet fuel pollutants Combustion chemistry of JP-8 fuel unknown

Project

Motivation

Build System

Produce Flame

Identify Combustion Products

Sample Flame

Determine Concentrations

Validation

Counter Flow Flame

System

Burner Schematic

Build System

Produce Flame

Identify Combustion Products

Sample Flame

Determine Concentrations

Validation

Stabilizing Flame

Flow Rates:o Oxidizer Gaso Carrier Gaso Fuel

Ideal: 6% Oxygen

Actual: 29% Oxygen

Flow Rates:

Fuel Stream Oxidizer Stream

Fuel 15 mL/Hr X

Oxygen X 0.5 L/Min

Nitrogen 1.2 L/Min 1.2 L/Min

Build System

Produce Flame

Identify Combustion Products

Sample Flame

Determine Concentrations

Validation

Determining Concentrations

mV

min

Build System

Produce Flame

Identify Combustion Products

Sample Flame

Determine Concentrations

Validation

Determining Velocity and Stagnation Plane◦ LDV◦ Pitot Tube

Probes◦ Size◦ Shape

Sampling Platform◦ Horizontal Movement◦ Vertical Movement

Sampling

Sampling

Test Probes

A DCB310 μm 80 μm110 μm 6.35 mm

Sampling

5 10 15 20 25 30

Minutes

-1.4

0.0

2.5

5.0

7.5

10.0

12.5

mVolts c:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1037.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1038.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1039.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1040.run

File:Channel:

Last recalc:

c:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1037.runMiddle = FID NA

X:Y:

0.9536 Minutes-0.0240 mVolts

Probe A (310 μm)Probe B (110 μm)Probe C (80 μm)Probe D (6.35 mm)

22.5 25.0 27.5 30.0 32.5

Minutes

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

mVolts c:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1037.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1038.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1039.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1040.run

File:Channel:

Last recalc:

c:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1037.runMiddle = FID NA

X:Y:

34.9642 Minutes-0.547 mVolts

SamplingProbe A (310 μm)Probe B (110 μm)Probe C (80 μm)Probe D (6.35 mm)

5 10 15 20 25 30

Minutes

-1.4

0.0

2.5

5.0

7.5

10.0

12.5

mVolts c:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1037.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1038.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1039.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1040.run

File:Channel:

Last recalc:

c:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1037.runMiddle = FID NA

X:Y:

0.9536 Minutes-0.0240 mVolts

100%mV

min

78 %

5 10 15 20 25 30

Minutes

-1.4

0.0

2.5

5.0

7.5

10.0

12.5

mVolts c:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1050.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1044.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1051.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1044.run

File:Channel:

Last recalc:

c:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1050.runMiddle = FID NA

X:Y:

7.6285 Minutes-0.0140 mVolts

mV

min

56 %

5 10 15 20 25 30

Minutes

-1.3

0.0

2.5

5.0

7.5

10.0

12.5

mVolts c:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1049.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1046.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1047.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1048.run

File:Channel:

Last recalc:

c:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1049.runMiddle = FID NA

X:Y:

5.6022 Minutes-0.0540 mVolts

mV

min

34%

5 10 15 20 25 30

Minutes

-1.4

0.0

2.5

5.0

7.5

10.0

12.5

mVolts c:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1055.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1052.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1053.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1054.run

File:Channel:

Last recalc:

c:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1055.runMiddle = FID NA

X:Y:

10.3701 Minutes-0.0380 mVolts

mV

min

5 10 15 20 25 30

Minutes

-3

0

5

10

15

20

25

mVolts c:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1057.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1058.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1059.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1060.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1061.runc:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1062.run

File:Channel:

Last recalc:

c:\star\data\results\jp-8 flame\xylene_1057.runMiddle = FID NA

X:Y:

0.9138 Minutes-0.0750 mVolts

Vertical Position

mV

min

Height (mm) from Top of Flame:1.19 2.383.574.765.957.14

Build System

Produce Flame

Identify Combustion Products

Sample Flame

Determine Concentrations

Validation

0.05 0.09 0.14 0.19 0.23 0.280

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Concentration

0.05 0.09 0.14 0.19 0.23 0.280

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.05 0.09 0.14 0.19 0.23 0.280

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.300

0.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.1

Xylene

Phenylacetylene

Toluene

Benzene

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

0.05 0.09 0.14 0.19 0.23 0.28

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.05 0.09 0.14 0.19 0.23 0.28 0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.05 0.09 0.14 0.19 0.23 0.28

00.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.09

0.1

0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30

Xylene

PhenylacetyleneToluene

Benzene

Mol

frac

tion

Mol

frac

tion

Mol

frac

tion

Mol

frac

tion

Oxidizer Distance (in.) Oxidizer Distance (in.)

Oxidizer Distance (in.)Oxidizer Distance (in.)

Concentration

Determine Velocity at Stagnation Plane

Run Mass Spec with a more suitable column

Suggestions for Future Work

Project Completion Sample Different Fuels Validate CFD

Acknowledgements Professor Brezinsky

Brad Culbertson

Megan Chirby

Financial support from the EEC-NSF Grant # 0755115