Post on 24-Dec-2015
Canadian Chemical Engineering Conference 2008
October 21st, 2008
The Fundamentals of the OH&S Act and ManagingOccupational Health and Safety
Vic Pakalnis, P.Eng., M.Eng., MBADirector – Special Projects Ontario Ministry of Labour
vic.pakalnis@ontario.ca
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 2
Managing Occupational Health & Safety
• Introductions
• Expectations
• Health and Safety in Canada
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 3
Top 10 Reasons Why You Need To Know How To Manage Occupational
Health And Safety1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 4
Top 10 Reasons Why You Need To Know How To Manage Occupational
Health And Safety 1. Because it’s the law!
2. What you don’t know can hurt you and it can kill you!
3. Because it makes good business sense
4. Because you want to know your rights and responsibilities
5. Because it’s part of your job and you want to keep it
6. To avoid lawsuits
7. Because it’s connected to everything human resources – recruitment/retention/internal responsibility/productivity/employee engagement
8. To protect your company’s reputation
9. To avoid industrial relations disputes/grievances
10. Moral obligations
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 5
Occupational Health & Safety in Canada Overview
Federal• Inter-provincial trucking• Railways• Airports and airlines• Banks• Radio and television• Telecommunications• Federal public service (10% of all workplaces)
Provincial/Territorial• Construction• Industrial• Mining• All sectors not in
federal
(90% of all workplaces)
14 jurisdictions - 10 provinces- 3 territories- 1 federal
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 6
Source: 2007 Human Resources and Social Development Canada report(Historical Summary of Occupational Accidents & Their Costs in Canada 1996-2005)
CanadaCanada•1100 work-related fatalities• 1million workplace injuries•$6.7 billion in direct costs•$40 billion estimated total costs (direct & indirect)
OntarioOntario 230 work-related fatalities• 355,000 workplace injuries•$2.9 billion in direct costs•$17 billion estimated total costs • (direct & indirect)
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 7
VOLATILE LABOUR SCENE
HIGH MEDIA ATTENTION
HEALTH & SAFETY USED AS BARGAINING TOOL IN INDUSTRIAL
RELATIONS DISPUTES
STRONG LABOUR UNIONS: CAW, USWA, OPSEU, CUPE
MANY SMALL, UNSOPHISTICATED EMPLOYERS (70% UNORGANIZED)
INADEQUATE TRAINING IN MANY INDUSTRIES
ACCIDENT RATES DECREASING
FATALITY RATES DECREASING
DISABLING INJURIES
96% ARE SAFETY RELATED
4% ARE HEALTH RELATED
HEALTH ISSUES - HIGH PROFILE, LONG TERM, MORE DIFFICULT TO
RESOLVE
EFFECT OF FREE TRADE AND ECONOMIC REALIGNMENT
Environmental Scan
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 8
Forestry _______________Health Care _______________Aerospace _______________Police/Fire/Security _______________Steel _______________Public Institutions _______________Automotive _______________Education _______________Utilities _______________Service/Retail _______________Manufacturing _______________Petro-chemical _______________Construction _______________Mining _______________
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 9
Ontario Lost Time Injuries By Sector 2005*
00.5
11.5
22.5
33.5
4
* Source: Worker Safety & Insurance Board as of October 31, 2006
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 10
Fatalities per 100,000 workers per year & Employment – 1976 to 2005
2.4
2.6
2.5 2.
6
2.2
1.9 2.
0
1.8
2.0
1.7
1.7
1.9
1.9
1.7 1.
8
1.2
1.4
0.9
0.8
1.0
1.3
1.0 1.
1
1.1 1.
2
1.2
1.0
1.2
0.8
0.71
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.019
76
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Fat
aliti
es p
er 1
00,0
00 w
orke
s pe
r ye
ar
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
5,500
6,000
6,500
7,000
Wor
kers
(th
ousa
nds)
Fatalities per 100,000 workers per year Workers (thousands) Linear (Fatalities per 100,000 workers per year)
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 11
Results: 14,649 fewer LTI over the past two years than there otherwise would have been.Ontario businesses avoiding over $960 million in costs associated with workplace injuries
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
LT
I's /1
00 w
ork
ers
/ yea
r
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.2
4.4
4.6
Insu
red
wo
rker
s (m
illio
ns)
LTI rate
Targets
Insured workers
Achieved 2006 target
ONTARIO LOST TIME INJURIES
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 12
Internal Responsibility System
THE INTERNAL RESPONSIBILITY SYSTEM
OUTLINED IN THE OHS ACT ESTABLISHES
CLEAR ROLES AND ACCOUNTABILITY FOR
WORKPLACE PARTIES WITH DIRECT AND
CONTRIBUTORY RESPONSIBILITY FOR
HEALTH AND SAFETY.
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 13
CONTRIBUTORYRESPONSIBILITY
INTERNAL
DIRECTRESPONSIBILITY
CONTRIBUTORYRESPONSIBILITY
EXTERNAL
JOINT HEALTH &SAFETY COMMITTEES
SAFETYDEPARTMENTS
ENGINEERINGDEPARTMENTS
PURCHASINGDEPARTMENTS WORKER
SUPERVISOR
MANAGER
PRESIDENT UNIONS
SAFETYASSOCIATIONS
SUPPLIERS
WSIB
Ministry of Labour
Internal Responsibility System (cont’d)
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 14
Ministry of Labour
Workplace Safety and Insurance Board
Institute for Work & Health
Farm Safety Association
Municipal Health and Safety Assoc.
Ontario Service Safety Alliance
Industrial Accident Prevention Association
Construction safety Association of Ontario
Electrical & Utilities Safety Association
Health Care Health & Safety Association
Mines and Aggregates Safety & Health Assoc.
Ontario Forestry Safe Workplace Association
Occupational Health Clinics for Ontario Workers
Pulp and Paper Health & Safety Association
Transportation Safety Association of Ontario
Workers Health & Safety Centre
Education Safety Association of Ontario
The Partners…
Resources On-line www.safetymanagementeducation.com
- Minerva Canada’s website – case studies /contacts
www.preventiondynamics.ca – links to prevention network
www. prevent-it.ca – short clips of fatalities
Notes and links for courses in Occupational Health and
Safety in mining practice / MIR course in OHS http://www.queensu.ca/sps/people/faculty/pakalnisv/index.php
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 16
Rhetoric and the art of persuasion – what once was but
has been forgotten ! (according to Isocrates and JC Spender)
• Logos –what’s logical –what’s the business case
• Ethos – what’s the right decision for the longer term in the broader context
• Pathos – what’s the compassionate decision – the people dimension – empathy
Business Results Through Health and Safety
Business Results Through Health and Safety
MIR- 811Adapted from WSIB/CMA :
Business Results Through Health and Safety
MIR- 811Adapted from WSIB/CMA :
Business Results Through Health and Safety
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 18
Health and Safety Costs
in Ontario cost of LTI in 1999 was $11,711
In 2007 direct costs for an LTI were $21,300
In 2007, there were 300,000 persons injured , 100 died
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Business Results Through Health & Safety
• If profit margin is 10%, requires $590,000 in sales to produce $59,000 of profit.
• Lower costs• Improved employee relations & employee trust• Improved reliability & productivity• Improved protection from business interruption• Increased public image• Increased organizational capability*see CME CD – Business Results Through Health and Safety
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 20
Sampling - OH&S Convictions in 2000Organization Injury Accident Charge Penalties
Meat Packer, Burlington Head, shoulder, back Box of frozen meat fell fromoverhead conveyor strikingemployee.
Guarding $80,000
Meat Packer, Burlington Fractured ankle Struck by rotating arm ofstretch wrapper
GuardingFailing to provideInstruction andsupervision.
$125,000
Chemical Co. Aurora Burns Spray can exploded whenoverheated Š fire exitblocked by a backhoe anddirt.
Failing to keep exitclear
$43,000
Construction Co.Chelmsford
Concussion Plank fell from overheadplatform
Failing to take everyprecaution
$95,000
Printing Co. Ottawa Cut to arm Š 4 daysLTA
Trimmer machine operatedwith guard open. Safetydevice modified to permitoperation with guard open.
Guarding $60,000
Yarn Mfger, Stratford 1. Crushed fingers2. Serious Cuts to
palm of hand
1. Drawn into squeezerollers
2. Caught in moving yarnholder
Guarding $100,0001 supervisor fined$3,000, another $1,500
Tobacco Co. Guelph Fatality Employee pinned betweenmoving conveyor andguardrail
No emergency stopwithin easy reach
$200,000
Bakery, Oakville Fatality Employee drawn intoribbon mixer.
Guarding $62,5001 co-owner jailed 20days, 1 co-owner fined$7,500.
Excavating Contractor,Oakville
Fatality Dump truck backed overemployee.
$130,000
Waste Services Co.,Mississauga
Fatality Falling gate struckemployee.
Failing to block orsecure gate topermit safe passageunderneath
$200,000
Auto Co. St. Catherines Fatality Pinned by machinery whileinside macines workingarea. 6 limit switches bentout of position on perimetergates.
failing to maintainequipment in goodworking order.
$325,000
Recycling Co. Hamilton 2 fatalities
1 injury
3 separate incidents $600,000
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 21
PsychologicalWork
Environment
HealthyHabits
PhysicalWork
Environment
Healthy Workplaces
Vic Pakalnis - Ont. Ministry of Labour - 2007 22