CanadaCanada

Land and PeopleLand and People

Physical RegionsPhysical Regions

What is a physical region?What is a physical region?

Area of land that differs from other regions Area of land that differs from other regions because of its geographybecause of its geography

Physical RegionsPhysical Regions

There are seven physical regions in There are seven physical regions in Canada (each have different geographic Canada (each have different geographic features):features):

Appalachian RegionAppalachian RegionSt. Lawrence LowlandsSt. Lawrence LowlandsCanadian ShieldCanadian ShieldHudson Bay LowlandsHudson Bay LowlandsInterior PlainsInterior PlainsWestern MountainsWestern MountainsArctic IslandsArctic Islands

Canadian ShieldCanadian Shield

Largest physical Largest physical regionregion

Rocky, swampy, with Rocky, swampy, with little soillittle soil

Few people live hereFew people live here Why?Why?

St. Lawrence LowlandsSt. Lawrence Lowlands

Smallest physical Smallest physical regionregion

More industries and More industries and more people than any more people than any other regionother region

Best farmland and Best farmland and major water source major water source (St. Lawrence (St. Lawrence Seaway)Seaway)

Appalachian RegionAppalachian Region

Low mountains, fertile valleysLow mountains, fertile valleysAlong the Atlantic coastAlong the Atlantic coast

Rich forestsRich forests

Lots of fishLots of fish

BeachesBeaches

Interior PlainsInterior Plains

Prairies Prairies

and farmsand farmsWheat cropWheat crop

Northern section is Northern section is very cold with poor very cold with poor soilsoil

Western MountainsWestern Mountains

High mountains (Rockies)High mountains (Rockies)Pacific coastPacific coastKnown for vast forests and wildlifeKnown for vast forests and wildlife

Arctic IslandsArctic Islands

Too cold for trees Too cold for trees to growto grow

Mostly Mostly tundratundra (flat (flat frozen ground)frozen ground)

Has Has fjordsfjords (narrow (narrow area of sea area of sea between cliffs)between cliffs)

Hudson Bay LowlandsHudson Bay Lowlands

Mostly swampsMostly swamps

Stretches across the southern part of Stretches across the southern part of Hudson BayHudson Bay

Economic RegionsEconomic Regions

What is an economic region?What is an economic region?

Regions based on what kind of economic activities Regions based on what kind of economic activities are going on thereare going on there

How they make their own money in each regionHow they make their own money in each region

Economic RegionsEconomic RegionsThese economic regions make up These economic regions make up

Canada’s provinces and territoriesCanada’s provinces and territories

Provinces: govern themselves a lot like Provinces: govern themselves a lot like our states doour states do

Territories: large land areas that do not Territories: large land areas that do not have the same self-governing rights as have the same self-governing rights as provinces provinces

Economic RegionsEconomic Regions

Five main economic regions in Canada Five main economic regions in Canada that each have different economic that each have different economic activities to make a good economy for activities to make a good economy for CanadaCanada

MaritimeMaritimeOntario and QuebecOntario and QuebecPrairiePrairieBritish ColumbiaBritish ColumbiaTerritoriesTerritories

Maritime RegionMaritime Region

Also called the Atlantic regionAlso called the Atlantic regionNova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, New Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, New

Brunswick, Newfoundland, and LabradorBrunswick, Newfoundland, and LabradorFishing is main economic activityFishing is main economic activity

Ontario & QuebecOntario & Quebec

Heartland of CanadaHeartland of CanadaMost goods are made hereMost goods are made hereEconomic success due to location next to Economic success due to location next to

Great Lakes and St. Lawrence RiverGreat Lakes and St. Lawrence River

PrairiePrairie

Alberta, Manitoba, and SaskatchewanAlberta, Manitoba, and SaskatchewanCanada’s “breadbasket”Canada’s “breadbasket”Farming is major economic activityFarming is major economic activityMining is also major activity (coal, oil, and Mining is also major activity (coal, oil, and

natural gas)natural gas)

British ColumbiaBritish Columbia

Forestry is major economic Forestry is major economic activitiesactivities

Cutting down trees, processing Cutting down trees, processing lumber, making paperlumber, making paper

Vancouver is biggest city in Vancouver is biggest city in British ColumbiaBritish Columbia

Also Canada’s 3Also Canada’s 3rdrd largest largest metropolitan areametropolitan area

TerritoriesTerritories

Nunavut, Yukon Territory, Northwest Nunavut, Yukon Territory, Northwest TerritoryTerritory

Very few people live here, so there is little Very few people live here, so there is little economic activity hereeconomic activity here

Economic RegionsEconomic Regions

Canada imports and exports a lotCanada imports and exports a lot In the past Canadians believed they In the past Canadians believed they

should trade with each other before should trade with each other before trading with other countriestrading with other countriesTo do this, they passed a policy called To do this, they passed a policy called

“protectionism” (trade policy where “protectionism” (trade policy where government taxed imports so Canada would government taxed imports so Canada would only trade within their own country)only trade within their own country)

Today Canada has “free trade”, or trade Today Canada has “free trade”, or trade without limits or protections (NAFTA) and without limits or protections (NAFTA) and trades a lot with USA and Mexicotrades a lot with USA and Mexico

Key IdeasKey Ideas

Much of Canada’s wealth comes from its Much of Canada’s wealth comes from its wide range of natural resources (minerals, wide range of natural resources (minerals, trees, fossil fuels, fish, wheat, etc.)trees, fossil fuels, fish, wheat, etc.)

Canada has free enterprise, however, also Canada has free enterprise, however, also has parts of a command economyhas parts of a command economy

At one time, Canada passes a trade policy At one time, Canada passes a trade policy called “protectionism”called “protectionism”

Today, Canada follows a system of free Today, Canada follows a system of free trade.trade.

Key WordsKey WordsProtectionismProtectionism: trade policy where : trade policy where

government taxed imports so Canada government taxed imports so Canada would only trade within their own countrywould only trade within their own country

ProvincesProvinces: rule themselves much like : rule themselves much like states in the USAstates in the USA

TerritoriesTerritories: divisions of Canada that’s don’t : divisions of Canada that’s don’t have same self-governing systems as have same self-governing systems as provincesprovinces

Standard of LivingStandard of Living: find by dividing GDP : find by dividing GDP by total populationby total population