CAMERA SHOTS

EXTREME CLOSE UP• THIS IS A VERY CLOSE SHOT SHOWING THE DETAIL OF AN OBJECT OR THE PHYSICAL FEATURES OF A PERSON. AN EXTREME CLOSE UP IS USED TO PORTRAY AN EXCITING, MYSTERIOUS, DRAMATIC, INTIMATE, DETAILED ATMOSPERE THROUGH THE FOCUS ON THE EYES AND ALSO TO EMPHASISE EMOTION I.E. TEARS.

BIG CLOSE UPThis is full head height and the head takes up the entire screen. It contains little or no background. It is often used to highlight emotions expressions.

CLOSE UP• THIS IS A SHOT TAKEN FROM

JUST ABOVE THE HEAD TO THE TOP OF THE UPPER CHEST. IT CAN ALSO BE USED TO FILM AN OBJECT AT CLOSE RANGE. IT CONTAINS LITTLE OR NO BACKGROUND. CLOSE UP IS USED TO INTRODUCE A CHARACTER OR TO AGAIN PORTRAY EMOTION AND HEIGHTEN TENSION.

MEDIUM SHOT

• THIS SHOWS THE UPPER HALF OF THE BODY. THE SHOT IS TAKEN FROM THE ABOVE THE HEAD TO LOWER CHEST. THIS IS USUALLY USED TO SHOW DIALOGUE BETWEEN TOW CHARACTERS AS IN THE EXAMPLE.

MEDIUM LONG SHOT

• THIS SHOWS THE WHOLE PERSON INCLUDING SOME OF THE BACKGROUND. THIS IS USED TO GIVE AN IDEA ABOUT THE CHARCTER OR PLACE THEM IN CONTEXT.

LONG SHOT• A LONG SHOT IS A SHOT

WHICH PROVIDES DISTANCE BUT NOT TOO MUCH. A LONG SHOT IS USED TO EMPHASISE THE ENVIRONMENT OR SETTING OF A SCENE FOR EXAMPLE IN A SCI-FI FLICK A LONG SHOT WOULD BE USED TO SHOW A MONSTER CHASING A PANICKED CROWD.

VERY LONG SHOT• A VERY LONG SHOT IS TAKEN FROM

QUIET A DISTANCE. IT IS USED AS A ESTABLISHING SHOT SHOWING AN EXTERIOR, I.E THE OUTSIDE OF A BUILDING, OR A LANDSCAPE, AND IS OFTEN USED TO SHOW SCENES OF THRILLING ACTION FOR EXAMPLE DISASTER MOVIE. THERE WILL BE VERY LITTLE DETAIL VISIBLE IN THE SHOT, IT'S MEANT FOCUS ON SPECIFIC INFORMATION.

CAMERA ANGLES

180-DEGREE RULE

• THE 180- DEGREE ANGLE IS USED WHEN TWO CHARACTERS HAVE THE SAME LEFT AND RIGHT RELATIONSHIP TO EACH OTHER. ITS OFTEN USED TO PORTRAY CONVERSATION BETWEEN TWO CHARACTERS.

EYE-LEVEL

• AN EYE-LEVEL ANGLE (IMAGE ON RIGHT) PUTS THE AUDIENCE ON AN EQUAL FOOTING WITH THE CHARACTER/S. THIS AS IT ALLOWS THE VIEWERS TO FEEL COMFORTABLE WITH THE CHARACTERS

CANTED ANGLE

• A CANTED ANGLE IS A SHOT WHICH IS TILTED TO ONE SIDE. THIS IS OFTEN USED TO CREATE A SENSE OF DISORIENTATION.

CRAIN SHOT• CRANE SHOT IS A SHOT

TAKEN BY A CAMERA ON A CRANE. THE MOST OBVIOUS USES ARE TO VIEW THE ACTORS FROM ABOVE OR TO MOVE UP AND AWAY FROM THEM, A COMMON WAY OF ENDING A MOVIE.

TRACKING SHOT• A TRACKING SHOT IS WHEN THE CAMERA

IS PLACED ON A MOVING VEHICLE AND MOVES ALONGSIDE THE ACTION, GENERALLY FOLLOWING A MOVING FIGURE OR OBJECT. A TRACKING SHOT IS A GOOD WAY OF ILLUSTRATING MOVEMENT, IT IS ALSO USED TO CREATE AN AMBIANCE OF REALISM BETWEEN THE AUDIENCE.

HAND HELD SHOT• A HANDHELD SHOT IS WHEN

SOMEONE HOLDS THE CAMERA WITHOUT A TRI-POD AND MOVES THROUGH SPACE WHILE FILMING. THIS CAN MAKE THE AUDIENCE FEEL THE SCENE IS MORE REALISTIC AND CAN MAKE THEM FEEL AS IF THEY ARE PART OF THE ACTION

LOOSE FRAME

A LOOSE FRAME IS A SHOT WHERE THERE IS A LOT OF ROOM AROUND AN OBJECT OR PERSON. USUALLY TO EMPHASISE THEM BEING ALONE OR ISOLATED OR UNIMPORTANT.

POINT-OF-VIEW SHOT

• A POINT OF VIEW SHOT IS A SHORT FILM SCENE THAT SHOWS WHAT A THE SUBJECT IS LOOKING AT (ILLUSTRATED THROUGH THE CAMERA).IT IS USUALLY USED TO CREATEA SENSE OF REALISM AND CATALYSE THE AUDIENCES INVOLVEMENT IN THE ACTION.

RULE OF THIRDS• THE BASIC PRINCIPLE

BEHIND THE RULE OF THIRDS IS TO BREAK AN SHOT DOWN INTO THIRDS (BOTH HORIZONTALLY AND VERTICALLY) SO THAT YOU HAVE 9 PARTS. THIS IS DONE TO HIGHLIGHT POINTS OF INTEREST.

TIGHT FRAME• THIS USUALLY USED IN CLOSE

UP SHOTS. THE MISE-EN-SCÈNE IS CAREFULLY BALANCED AND HARMONIZED THAT THE SUBJECT PHOTOGRAPHED HAS LITTLE OR NO FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT. OFTEN USED TO MAKE THEM SEEM IMPORTANT, OR TRAPPED.

BREAKING THE 180 DEGREE RULEIS WHEN IN A SCENE BETWEEN TWO PEOPLE, THE CAMERA DOES NOT STICK TO ONE SIDE OF THE LINE(SEE RIGHT) AND CROSSES OVER AT SOME POINT. THIS DISORIENTATES THE VIEWER AS WE ARE UNABLE TO WORK OUT THE POSITION OF THE CHARACTERS WITHIN THE ROOM. IT MAKES THE SCENE SEEM ODD OR STRANGE AND MAY REFLECT THE FEELING OF THE CHARACTERS.

http://www.criticalcommons.org/Members/ogaycken/clips/getaway-axis.mp4/view

MASTER SHOT• THE MASTER SHOT IS A SHOT THAT

INCLUDES ALL OF THE ACTORS IN THE SCENE AND IT RUNS FOR THE ENTIRE LENGTH OF THE ACTION. IT IS USUALLY THE FIRST SHOT TO BE COVERED AND THE MASTER SHOT WILL THEN BE INTERWOVEN WITH OTHER SHOTS SUCH AS MID SHOTS OR INSERTS.