Post on 17-Jul-2018
Cambodia REDD+ Strategy(Final Draft)
COP 2207-18 November 2016Marrakech, Morocco
Presented by: Dr. Khorn Saret
Forestry Administration
CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONAL PROGRAMME
Content
• Introduction
• National REDD+ Strategy (NRS)
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1. Introduction
1.1. REDD+ at the International Level
• Cancun Agreement of the UNFCCC provision that the REDD+ implementation, as deemed appropriate by each Party and in accordance with their respecting capacities and national circumstance to:
a. Reduce Deforestationb. Reduce Forest Degradationc. the role of sustainable management of
forestsd. Conservatione. Enhancement of forest carbon stocks in
• The Paris Agreement provision that REDD+ is a climate change mitigation mechanism
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1. Introduction
1.1. REDD+ at the International Level
• The UNFCCC also established the process, rules
and modalities for developing countries to access
results-based payments (RBP) for their REDD+
PAMs, especially Warsaw Framework for REDD+
• The Warsaw Framework states that before
receiving RBP, developing countries need to have
in place the four elements
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CAMBODIA REDD+ PROGRAMME1. Introduction
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National REDD+ Strategy or Action
Plan(NRS)A
Safeguards Information
System (SIS)
Forest Reference
Level (FRL)
National Forestry Monitoring
System (NFMS)
Warsaw Framework for REDD+ (UNFCCC 2013)1.1. REDD+ at the International Level
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CAMBODIA REDD+ PROGRAMME1. Introduction
1.2 REDD+ in Cambodia
REDD+ Readiness Phase (2008-2016)
• RGC announced the support REDD+ at the 2007 UNFCCC Conference of the Parties (COP) in Indonesia
• Piloted two demonstration REDD+ Project since 2008 (Mundulkiri, and Oddar Meanchey Province)
• National REDD+ Roadmap finalized and started implementation in 2010
• These include the understanding that REDD+ has to be mainstreamed within existing and planned national government policies, frameworks, and plans related to sustainable development, resilient agriculture, conservation, and low carbon development pathways.
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CAMBODIA REDD+ PROGRAMME2. National REDD+ Strategy 2017-2026
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Vision
Mission
The NRS contributes to national and global climate change mitigation through improving resources and forest land management and sustainable biodiversity conservation.
Improve the functioning and capacity of national and sub-national institutions, and strengthen the implementation of policies, laws and regulations to enhance the resources and forest land management and sustainable biodiversity conservation.
Goal
Reduce deforestation and forest degradation while promoting sustainable management, conservation and enhancement of forest carbon stocks, and contribute to poverty alleviation.
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CAMBODIA REDD+ PROGRAMME3. Strategic Framework
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Scope and Scale
• The initial scope of NRS will prioritize deforestation, while building capacity to address forest degradation in a subsequent iteration.
• Cambodia will implement REDD+ at the national scale followed RBF of the UNFCCC.
Milestone and Results
The first phase (2017-2021): Prepare and implement the REDD+ action plan, NFMS and mobilize non-results-based investments, implement the prioritized REDD+ PAMs.The second phase (2021-2026): Operationalize a results-based mechanism
“Cambodia aims to halve its deforestation rate by 2026 compared to the deforestation rate during the period 2010-2014”
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CAMBODIA REDD+ PROGRAMME4. Strategic Analysis
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Overview of Forest Land Management in Cambodia
• The Permanence Forest Estate is under the
jurisdictional management of MAFF (the Forestry
Administration) including the management over the
flooded and mangrove forest ( Fishery Administration)
• The Ministry of Environment (the General Department
of Administration for Nature Conservation and
Protection) is responsible for managing Protected
Area including the core area of Tonle Sap Great lack.
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Cambodia Forest Cover Change 1965-2014
Rubber and Oil Palm plantations are not included (FA Data)
73.04%
59.82%58.60%
61.15%59.09%
57.07%
49.48%
40%
45%
50%
55%
60%
65%
70%
75%
80%
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Percentage
Year1965 1992/93 1996/97 2002 2005/06 2010
2014
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Historical GHG mission from deforestation in Cambodia 2006-2014
Historical Average of net annual CO2; FRL
-79,014,127 t CO2/year
Sources: Draft the Initial Cambodia Forest Reference Level, 2016
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Drivers of Deforestation and Forest Degradation
• In 2014 the total area granted for agribusiness development was 1.78 million hectares
• Through directive BB001, the RGC decided to allocate state forest land and issue titling to household to be covered an area of 1.2 million hectares
• During 2009-2013 the RGC allocated 125,000 hectares as social land concessions
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Drivers of Deforestation and Forest Degradation
• Significant areas have been awarded as concessions to survey mining
• Forest land has also been diverted for infrastructure development such as new roads across forested area, building school healthcare ect.
• Significant forest area were encroached for individual property
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Types Drivers to be addressed between 2017 and 2021
Dir
ect
1. Conversion of forest lands to:
a. Agriculture and agro-industrials development such as ELCs
b. Settlements and farm lands such as SLCs and directive 001BB
c. Infrastructure development such as roads, dam constructions
d. Incompliance mining exploration
2. Forest Lands Encroachment
a. Land speculation, land grabbing, trading
3. Forest degradation
a. Harvesting unstainable used of forest products, and non-
timber forest products
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CAMBODIA REDD+ PROGRAMME4. Strategic Analysis
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Decisions to address these drivers were made by considering:
The feasibility of addressing the identified drivers
The emissions reduction potentials
The technical ability to monitor, report and verify results of strategies designed to address selected drivers
The potential to involve participation from local communities, especially indigenous peoples and women.
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CAMBODIA REDD+ PROGRAMME4. Strategic Analysis
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Strategic objectives and strategies
To achieve the vision, mission, and goals, the
NRS defined 03 strategic objectives and 20
strategy to address drivers of deforestation
and forest degradation
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Improve effectiveness of monitoring, land use
management, and forest land use
Promote stakeholder participation and enhance capacities, knowledge and
awareness to implement the national strategy
Encourage implementation of sustainable forest
management activities
Vision
Mission
Goal
Strategic Objective
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5. Phase in NRS Implementation
5.1. First Phase in NRS implementation
• First Phase 2017-2020 (Transection and NRS implementation): Detail REDD+ action and budget plan, develop NRS M&E , Revise NRS institutional coordination, and operation of the NFMS, FREL, SIS and starting NRS implementation.
• Second Phase 2021-2025 ( Operation of the Result-based finance): o Fully function of the NFMS, FREL, and SIS at
the national levelo Regular communicate with UNFCCC-( i.e NC,
BURs, and other requirement)o Scale up more drivers to be addressed.
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5. Phase in NRS Implementation
5.2. Warsaw Framework for REDD+
• Safeguards Information System (SIS)
• National Forestry Monitoring System (NFMS)
Satellite Land Monitoring System
National Forest Inventory
National Green House Gas Inventory
• Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL/ FRL)
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5. Phase in NRS Implementation
Current National REDD+ Roadmap Institutional Coordination Mechanism
• Cambodia REDD+ Taskforce: represented from 10
ministries
• Four Technical Teams: (1) MRV, (2) Safeguards, (3)
Demonstration, and (4) Benefits Sharing.
• REDD+ and Gender Group
• REDD+ Consultation Group
During the NRS implementation ( 2017-2020), Cambodia
will used existing REDD+ coordination mechanism, the
review on current mandate will be done for Cambodia
REDD+ Taskforce to reflect the effectiveness of NRS
implementation.
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5. Phase in NRS Implementation
Management structure and NRS implementation
The REDD+ Taskforce will provide up on REDD+
progress to RGC through National Council for
Sustainable Development
5.3 Institutional Arrangement and Coordination
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6. Financial Resources
REDD+ Funding Sources
• During Phase 1 of NRS implementation, the RGC will prioritize access to upfront non-results based finances from bilateral, multilateral development partners, and private sector with combination of the national budgets.
• The RGC will also consider market based finance opportunities . A review will be undertaken in 2020 to determine and provide a specific timeline for results based payments for Phase II 2021-2025.
Approach: Fund-based Approach in the first phase
Principles:
Development of a National REDD+ Funding Agency
• Set up a National REDD+ funding management agency • Roles and mandate of the National REDD+ funding
management agency• Set up National REDD+ funding management agency
accountability mechanism
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6. Financial Resources
• Principals
o Use existing national system and procedure
o Strengthen accountability equity and transparency
o Learning process
o Tackle gender issue
• Approach
o Theory of Change
• Institutional Arrangement for Implementation
o RTS coordinate to develop framework for
monitoring and evaluation NRS implementation
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Thank You