1

Renewing the National Laboratories

by

Dr. R.A. MashelkarDirector General

National Laboratories

Context decides the content!

2

Global Research Alliance

• CSIR (India)• CSIR (South Africa)• CSIRO (Australia)• FhG (Germany)• VTT (Finland)• DTI (Denmark)• TNO (Netherland)• Battelle (USA)• SIRIM (Malaysia)

Restructuring:Restructuring:Some Personal ExperienceSome Personal Experience

• India (1976-2005)• Indonesia (1994-2001)• South Africa (1997-2002)• Croatia (2002-2004)• China (1990-91)• Turkey (2001-05)

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Expectation from CSIR

CSIR (India) Case Study

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CSIR - 1995

CSIR Mission

“To provide scientific industrial R&D that maximizes the economic,

environmental & societal benefits for the people of India”

Serve the nation

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Accolades on CSIR Transformation

• Business• Management experts• Leading scientists• Political leadership

Cultural Differences

Market needsPerceived needsFocus

Market attractivenessScientific noveltyBasic orientation

Salable goods and services

Packages containing knowledge and information

Products

Profit centresCost centresFinancial Structure

Short termLong termTime Horizon

IndustryInstitutes

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ACCOLADES FROM BUSINESS

Business India

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Accolades on CSIR Transformation

• Business• Management experts• Leading scientists• Political leadership

2001

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Accolades on CSIR Transformation

• Business• Management experts• Leading scientists• Political leadership

9

Accolades on CSIR Transformation

• Business• Management experts• Leading scientists• Political leadership

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I would like to congratulate CSIR for the remarkable transformation into a performance driven and user focused organistion. The entire CSIR family deserves to be complimented for achieving this feat. …. I am happy to see that CSIR is flying higher and further.

PM's speech at the CSIR Society Meeting

July 26, 2004New Delhi

CSIR being used by as a model of institutional transformation by

World Bank

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• I have recommended CSIR as a model of how countries can harness their top quality scientific research institutions to the task of industrial technology development, innovation and global competitiveness.

Dr. A WatkinsHead, ECA Region World Bank

TRANSFORMATION OF CSIR: INITIATIVES

• CSIR 2001: VISION & STRATEGY – A WHITE PAPER

• MARKET ORIENTATION• QUALITY OF SCIENCE • IPR MANAGEMENT(1996)• QUALITY ASSURANCE: ISO & GLP• TECHNOLOGY LEADERSHIP

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MARKET ORIENTATION

• BUDGET HEAD FOR MARKETING• MARKETING GROUP IN EACH LAB• DEVOLUTION OF DECISION MAKING• SPECIALISED BUSINESS

DEVELOPMENT CONSULTANTS• STAFF ON BoD OF PRIVATE SECTOR• KNOWLEDGE AS EQUITY• AWARD FOR MARKETING &

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT

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FINANCIAL INITIATIVES

• PERFORMANCE LINKED BUDGET ALLOCATIONS

• STAFF INCENTIVES• LABORATORY RESERVE FUND

LABORATORY RESERVE FUND

• SURPLUSES FROM CONTRACT R&D/ SERVICES– RETAINED– CARRIED FORWARD

• FREEDOM TO OPERATE AT LABORATORY LEVEL

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LABORATORY RESERVE FUND

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

1992

-93

1993

-94

1994

-95

1995

-96

1996

-97

1997

-98

1998

-99

1999

-00

2001

-01

2001

-02

2002

-03

2003

-04

2004

-05

2005

-06

Accumulated

Rs.

Bill

ion

Expectation from CSIR

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2956

CSIR’s QUALITY OF SCIENCEAVERAGE IMPACT FACTOR /PAPER

1.6841.75

1.9

2.04

1.696

1.5521.467

1.264

0.85

0.75

1

1.25

1.5

1.75

2

2.25

1995 1996 1997 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Imp

act

Fac

tor

16

6 4 4 7 8 10 1123

32 37 38

69

145

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99200

0200

1200

2

US Patents Granted to CSIR

17

272

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India’s emergence as Global R&D platform

• Over 150 global players set up R&D centres

• Cost cum competence advantage• General Electric R&D Centre – 3000

strong

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Major PCT Applicants from Developing Countries(2002)

28SingaporeThe National University of Singapore9

24SingaporePhilips Electronics Singapore PTE Ltd.10

84ChinaHuawaei Technologies Co.5

31ChinaSAE Magnetics (H.K.) Ltd.8

47Rep of KoreaLG Chem Ltd.7

56IndiaRanbaxy Laboratories Ltd.6

125ChinaLG electronics Inc4

136ChinaBiowindow Gene Development Inc3

184Rep of KoreaSamsung Electronic Co.

184IndiaCouncil of Scientific & Industrial Research

1

No

( appl)

CountryApplicantRank

From Reverse Engineering to Forward Engineering

NCL Catalysts : Success Story

1978 DMA“Me too catalyst”

1986 Xylene isomerisation“Superior to Mobil catalyst”

1991Hydrodewaxing “Reverse transfer of technology to Europe”

1995 Export of technology & products

2000 Global partnerships

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Paradigm ShiftProjects

Then• Small• individual/ group

based • Costs no

consideration• Monitoring

Perfunctory

Now• Large, networked, • Market orientation

• Time & cost sacrosanct

• Stringent Monitoring

Paradigm ShiftWork Culture

Then• Inward looking

– No compulsion to reach out

• Local/national outreach

• Powers centralized• Rigid rules & procedures

Now• Outward looking:

Harness synergy of all systems

• Global/ international vision

• Powers decentralized• Autonomous;

operational flexibility

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National Laboratories

Context decides the content!

CSIR South Africa

• Remodeled in 1987 as business units• Review in 1997 & 2002• Strong commercial links (70% self

financing)• New Challenges• Erosion of science base• Image• Integration after 1994

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• Context decides the content• Changes from country to country

and time to time• Continuous repositioning• Balancing local relevance and

global excellence• Golden triangle crucial (national

labs/ universities/ Industry)• Finally it is all about leadership!