British Rule 1: The Fall of New France1760-63

Recap of French Regime

1.Population: A) Mainly French B) High natural growth (lots o’babies) C) Jean Talon & his ideas

2. Economy A) Everything about New France

revolves around the fur trade. B) High population= increased

demand for agriculture C) Slowly involving other goods

Power and Culture A) Absolutism B) People have no say C) King has taken control through

Royal Government D) Church and State working

together E) State and Aboriginals=reciprocal

relationship

How the French Regime Ends: 1. The Seven Years War: 1756-1763 A) War between Britain and France

in Europe AND in the colonies. B) France loses the war.

2.Reasons for Britain’s successA) Great navyB) Colonies in U.S. are very

helpfulC) 100,000 soldiers

3.Reasons for France’s failure A) They focused more on the war in

Europe B) Food shortages in New France C) 20,000 soldiers D) New France: small population

and big territory E) Colony was controlled by France

(too far away)

Important Dates The Fall of Quebec City: 1759 The Capitulation (giving up without

fighting) of Montreal: 1760 The Treaty of Paris (rules made at

the end of the war): 1763

5. Royal Proclamation: 1763

a) Main goal: assimilate the French

b) How did they plan to do this?1. Created English schools2. Established English churches

(protestant)

Royal Proclamation3. Immigration: No new French

allowed in British North America

Even with all of these restraints, the French Canadien population continued to grow…. Why?

Royal Proclamation4. Adopted British (English) civil and

criminal laws.5. Encouraged the Township system(squares instead of long rectangles)6. Adopted the Test Act: Catholics

could not have important jobs. People had to take the “Test Oath” swearing they would be loyal to Britain.

7. Made the territory smaller:

BeforeAfter

8. Impact on the Amerindians

A) The Amerindians go from being important allies to wards of the state.

B) The state decides they are more of a problem than anything else and they start to do things to “contain” and “eliminate” that problem.

C) Start of the Reserve system

The whole idea started with Royal Proclamation, where the British Government “gave” land to the Amerindians that they were supposed to live on.

It was called “Rupert’s Land”

D) Royal Proclamation also created the “Indian Department.”

Now any “issues” with the Amerindians had to go through the Indian Department.

E) Between immigrants and loyalists, the Amerindians lost a lot of their territory.

Amerindians during the British regime

Population:1. Around 1800 there are 5000 Iroquois and

Algonquin living in the St-Lawrence Valley2. Effects of European immigration:A) “acculturation”: Many Amerindians

become more European.B) Fishing and hunting grounds are reduced

without consultation.

Royal Proclamation

KING OF ENGLAND KING OF ENGLAND

Governor Governor represents the kingrepresents the king

Executive council Executive council chosen by and advises the governorchosen by and advises the governor

could not be Catholiccould not be Catholic