© Siemens AG 2010. All rights reserved.© Siemens AG 2010. All rights reserved.

LNG16X-pert CenterSingle Shaft Turbocompressor for BOG Recovery in LNG Terminals

Author: Sven-Erik BRINK (Feed Team Manager – BOG compressor market specialist) Siemens AG Energy, Sector Oil & Gas Division

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Let´s talk about a paradigm switch …

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Let´s talk about a paradigm switch …

Picture © Bombardier

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Worlwide increase in LNG demand leading to:LNG tanker sizes are increasing – this results in an increased maximum BOG volume rate at LNG ReceivingTerminals during SHIP UNLOADING.

LNG send out rates are increasing and often totallycompensate BOG volume during HOLDING – the GAPbetween max. and min. BOG flow is becoming larger.

Todays LNG storage tanks are most often of full contain-ment design which allow for pressure fluctuations insidetanks.

Todays BOG single shaft centrifugal compressor designare customized for start/stop operation – featuring variable Inlet Guide Vanes (IGV) and heated seal carriers.

The combination of above facts implementing a change of compressor concept.

LNG Receiving Terminals Situation have changed plus Progress in Advanced Technology

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Over 30 years experience with BOG handling at LNG export plants as a market-leader …Siemens has developed an innovative concept for LNG import terminals.

This concept features a single-body, single-shaft, multi-stage, centrifugal compressor optimized for small and medium BOG volume flows and capable of automatic start/stop operation from ambient as well as from cold conditions with no cool-down required.

This concept opens the door for the paradigm switch to maintenance-free, safe, economic and environmentally friendly BOG handling within Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) import terminals (onshore as well as offshore), improving significantly the Total Cost of Ownership (TCoO)

LNG Receiving Terminals Siemens opens the door for the paradigm switch

Picture © Bombardier

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Simplyfied BOG Generation Profile along the LNG chain

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

BOG Volume /Massflow

LNG ChainTransportProduction Regas

LOADING Mode

UNLOADING Mode

HOLDING Mode HOLDING Mode

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Todays LNG Plants

E

LP HP

1 bar-160° C 22 – 41 bar g

Fuel GasSystem

7 – 10 bar

Early LNG Plants and Todays LNG ReceivingTerminals

E

LP

6 – 10 barRecondenser or Fuel Gas System

1 bar-160° C

BOG Turbocompressors(two casing vs. single casing)

Export Plant (tandem)

Start / Stop Operation8000 to 39000 m3/h- 163 to - 120 °C1.00 to 1.15 bar2200 to 7500 kW

Import Terminal (single)

Start / Stop Operation5000 to 33000 m3/h- 163 to - 100 °C1.00 to 1.25 bar2200 to 7500 kW 800 to 3500 kW

Siemens world market leader for cryogenic temperature BOG applications for LNG Loading Plants

New market for LNG Receiving Terminals (onshore and offshore) applying same technology as for LNG Loading (Export) Plants

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TC

IGV setting -10° to +75°

FC

2nd stage HP Pumps

To Vaporizer and Gas Pipeline

Recondenser

Suction Drum

BOG Compressor

Desuperheater

BOG at 1 bar BOG at 8 bar

LNG at 8 bar -162 °C (-260 °F)

LNG Storage Tank

1st stage LP Pumps

Simplified Flow SchematicThe onboard BOG recondensing concept

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Compressor selection for import terminalsBOG handling concepts

Concept B

1 x 100%Concept A

2 x 50% or3 x 33%

Concept D

Concept C

2 x 50%

Increasing LNG sendout / ship size

BO

G v

olum

eflo

w

UNLOADINGMode

HOLDINGMode

1 x 100 % hybrid concept

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Application range of different compressor typesD

isch

arge

pres

sure

[bar

]

Actual suction volume [m³/h]

Integrally geared typeBOG references rangefor LNG Carriers

Siemens single shaftBOG references range

1.000.0001.000 10.00020.000 100.000

70.000 200.000

Turbo radial

Reciprocating

Screw / Rotary vane / Roots

Turboaxial-(radial)

3500

1000

600

250

100

50

10

100

BOG volume flows

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Among all possiblecompressor designs,the single-shaftconcept ensureshighest reliabilityand availability.

BOG compressor conceptSingle shaft turbocompressor with vertically split casing

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Single shaft BOG compressor cross sectional drawing

Oil heated Seal Carrier

3D Impeller

Dry Gas Seal

Inlet Guide Vane Unit (IGV)

Special Design Features Single shaft turbo compressor for cryogenic temperature BOG

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IGV Animation

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L x W x H [mm]: 9,500 X 3,000 X 3,000weight [kg]: 55,000

BOG single shaft Turbocompressor Layout Compact single lift package concept

step-up gear

compressor

seal gas panel

oil unit

single liftbaseplate

electric drivemotor

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Single shaft turbo compressor guarantees highest reliability and availability plus maximum safety No spare units required Virtually maintenance freeLowest weight, minimum footprint (ideal for offshore) No gas to atmosphere – low noise 85 bD(A)Easy erection and installation due to fully piped, wired and teates singel lift compressor packagesImproving significantly the Total Cost of Ownership

ConclusionWhy optimize the compressor concept?

Picture © Bombardier

© Siemens AG 2010. All rights reserved.

Our competencedrives your profit …

Sven-Erik BrinkFeed Team (BOG Market Specialist)Energy Sector, Oil & Gas Division

Wolfgang Reuter PlatzP.O. Box.10 15 0747053 Duisburg, Germany

E-mail: sven.brink@siemens.comcell phone +49 172 250 9405

Copyright © Siemens AG 2010. All rights reserved.