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Biology Test ReviewBiology Test ReviewState Review QuestionsState Review Questions

Test 2Test 2

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• When a subdivision of houses is being built, some of the natural organisms are forced from their natural habitat. Which organism in the food web diagram is MOST at risk of being permanently displaced if a subdivision were developed in its area?

A AntsB BacteriaC FoxesD Trees

D. Trees

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Which of the following pairs of animals are MOST likely to be closely related?

A Fish and crabsB Dogs and catsC Penguins and frogsD Worms and snakes

B. Dogs and cats

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A condition that PRIMARILY affects males is probably —

A X-linked.B autosomal.C codominant.D recessive.

A. X-linked

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An experiment required that four different liquids be heated. A student went to the chemical station to obtain four liquids. The student returned with unlabeled test tubes and was not sure which liquids were in each tube. The BEST thing for the student to do is —

A heat the clearest liquid first.B identify each liquid using sense of smell.C compare the test tubes to other

students’ test tubes.D discard those samples and collect new samples of the liquids.

D discard those samples and collect new samples of the liquids.

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Proteins are made of long chains of —A lipids.B monosaccharides.C amino acids.D enzymes.

C amino acids.

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A cut on a frog’s foot will repair itself using the process of —

A mitosis.B meiosis.C phagocytosis.D pinocytosis.

A mitosis.

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Members of all of the following animal classes could be found in the arctic tundraEXCEPT —

A Mammalia.B Aves.C Reptilia.D Osteichthyes.

C Reptilia.

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Plant leaves are protected by the epidermis and the —

A petiole.B stamen.C stomata.D cuticle.

D. Cuticle

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What is photographed to create a karyotype?

A MutationsB GenesC GametesD Chromosomes

D. Chromosomes

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Which of the following is an important action to follow when heating a test tube?

A Plug the mouth of the tube with a cork.B Point the mouth of the tube away from everyone.C Hold the test tube steady in the hottest part of the flame.D Grasp the rim of the test tube with

tongs.

B Point the mouth of the tube away from everyone

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Which of the following is needed to transfer and release energy?

A CalciumB PhosphateC NitrateD Potassium

B. phosphate

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The part of the cell marked by the arrow is the —A cytoplasm.B chloroplast.C mitochondrion.D chlorophyll.

A. cytoplasm

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Which of these is a description of mutualism?A Both species exploit a common vital resource.B One species is more complex than the other.C Both species benefit from one another.D Neither species interacts with the other.

C Both species benefit from one another.

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Experiments on a certain plant showed that it would not reproduce without the presence of water.This plant is probably —A leafless.B spore producing.C fruit producing.D non-vascular.

D. non-vascular

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Which of the following statements BEST explains the relationship between the partsof genetic materials?

A Each DNA molecule contains genes.B Each gene contains many DNA molecules.C Each DNA molecule contains many chromosomes.D Each chromosome contains DNA molecules.

D Each chromosome contains DNA molecules

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Which variable in the experiment would have produced the LEAST biased results?A Opinions of the experimenterB Size of the samples takenC Number of cloudy days versus sunny daysD Month of the year the experiment was performed

B Size of the samples taken

To analyze the effects of temperature on levels of bacteria, a scientist performed an experiment on 900 samples of lake water taken over a 30-day period. The findings were tabulated and graphed as shown:

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All of the following are organic molecules EXCEPT —

A protein.B lipid.C carbohydrate.D salt.

D. salt

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The building of proteins from amino acids occurs on the cell’s —

A membrane.B ribosomes.C nucleus.D centriole.

B. ribosomes

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Which of the following food chains is MOST likely found in a temperate forest biome?

A Phytoplankton → krill → cod → sea lion → polar bearB Seeds → mice → black snake → hawkC Grass → zebra → hyena → lionD Algae → krill → cod → barracuda → shark

B Seeds → mice → black snake → hawk

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An organism that can reproduce ONLY inside a host cell is a —

A protozoan.B virus.C fungus.D bacterium.

B. virus

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UACUGAWhich of the following represents a tRNA complement to the codons above?

A UAGTGAB ATCACTC AUGACUD TACTCA

C. AUGACU

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After placing a slide on the microscope stage, what should be manipulated first tomake sure the field of view has adequate light?

A The eyepieceB The diaphragmC The fine adjustment knobD The high-powered objective

B. The diaphragm

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When excess sugar is produced in a plant, the plant will —

A release the sugar into the soil.B convert the sugar into minerals.C store the sugar by forming larger molecules.D burn the leaves of the plant as it releases energy.

C store the sugar by forming larger molecules

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Materials can be moved around within a cell by using the —

A golgi bodies.B ribosomes.C endoplasmic reticulum.D mitochrondrion.

C. Endoplasmic reticulum

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Higher than average rainfall in a dry grassland may cause an area to have —

A larger deer populations.B smaller plant biomass.C less UV radiation.D higher daily temperature.

A. Larger deer populations

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Which of these would MOST effectively reduce the effect of the bias of the scientists whodeveloped the experimental drug?A Introduce a third drug into the experiment.B Decrease the number of experimenters from two to one.C Have a third researcher label and distribute the samples.D Replace a portion of the placebos with aspirin.

C Have a third researcher label and distribute the samples.

In an experiment to test their new drug on humans, two scientists planned to givevolunteers one of two drugs:Drug A — experimental drugDrug B — placebo (sugar pill)

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Risks of having genetic mutations are increased with excessive exposure to —

A high air pressure.B high humidity.C ultraviolet rays.D oxygen.

C. ultraviolet rays

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Which of the following belongs to the same phylum as the animals shown above?

AA

B

C

D

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Which of the following BEST represents the correct order of organizational levels?

A System, tissue, organ, cellsB Tissue, cells, system, organC Tissue, cells, organ, systemD Cells, tissue, organ, system

D Cells, tissue, organ, system

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Which picture shows the proper way to carry a microscope?

A

A

B

C

D

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The tundra receives about as much rainfall as the —

A taiga.B deciduous forest.C coniferous forest.D desert.

D. Desert

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Which of the following is NOT a carbohydrate?

A CelluloseB LipidsC MonosaccharidesD Starch

B. lipids

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ALL individuals are microscopic in the kingdom —

A Animalia.B Fungi.C Archaebacteria.D Plantae.

C. archaebacteria

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Which of the following substances can MOST easily travel into and out of the cell?

A Sodium ionsB Potassium ionsC WaterD Glucose

C. water

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The results of an experiment showed that as the amount of antibiotic increased from 1 milligram to 10 milligrams, the number of bacteria decreased. Which graph correctly shows the experimental data?

A

A

B

C

D

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All of the following are classification levels EXCEPT —

A order.B protist.C phylum.D class.

B. protist

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A species with 12 chromosomes in each somatic cell will produce sex cells with —

A 3 chromosomes.B 4 chromosomes.C 6 chromosomes.D 24 chromosomes.

C. 6 chromosomes

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The last stage of succession in this pond is that the pond will become —

A deeper and clearer.B filled with soil.C polluted by acid rain.D salty because of evaporation.

B. Filled with soil

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What structure could a cellular organism use to move through its environment?

A FlagellumB Cell wallC MitochondrionD Lysosome

A. flagellum

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Which of the following instruments is BEST for measuring the mass of a soil sample?

B

A

B

C

D

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A mouse population occupying two different islands that are very close together maybecome two separate species if —

A a new predator is introduced.B the smallest mice hide underground.C the separation between the islands widens.D a storm eliminates a large part of the population.

C. the separation between the islands widens.

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A woman with Type AB blood marries a man with Type B blood. According to the Punnett square, their children could have each of these blood types EXCEPT —

A Type A.B Type B.C Type AB.D Type O. D. Type O

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Which of these will give the MOST accurate and precise measurement of 15 mL of liquid to be placed in a test tube?

A A 100 mL graduated cylinderB A 25 mL graduated cylinderC A 10 mL beakerD A 50 mL beaker

B. A 25 ml graduated cylinder

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B. Larger number of identical cells

A Compared to sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction results in a —

A greater variation in offspring.B larger number of identical cells.C longer life span of a cell.D fewer number of cells dividing.

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Compared to plants in a temperate deciduous forest, plants in a tundra —

A produce larger dormant seeds.B require more filtered sunlight.C produce larger showy flowers.D grow more quickly in the summer.

D. Grow more quickly in summer

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A social researcher conducted an experiment to test the effect of sleep deprivation on reaction times. Fifty working adults in an evening study were awakened every 2 hours during an 8-hour period at night and were asked to catch a tennis ball fired from a machine at exactly 20 miles per hour.

A. The same participants’ reaction times tested in the middle of the day

What would be an effective control for this experiment which would provide a basis for meaningful comparisons?

A The same participants’ reaction times tested in the middle of the dayB Average reaction times at night for the population at largeC Average reaction times during the day for the population at largeD The same participants after a full 8 hours of sleep deprivation

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The trait for flower color in the plants shown above is controlled by incomplete dominance.What percent of the offspring will have pink flowers?

A 0%B 25%C 50%D 100% D. 100%

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Which of the following describes the type of bonding shown in the diagram?A CovalentB IonicC MetallicD Nuclear

B. Ionic

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If two organisms are in the same class, they MUST also be in the same —

A kingdom and family.B kingdom and phylum.C phylum and genus.D genus and species.

B. Kingdom and phylum

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In prokaryotic cells, the DNA is found —

A floating in the cytoplasm.B attached to the ribosomes.C surrounded by the nuclear membrane.D contained in the vacuole.

A floating in the cytoplasm

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Which of the following statements is BEST supported by this data?

A Earthworms have similar frequencies in these soil types.B Earthworms were most often found in the loamy soil habitat.C Earthworms are suffocated by clay soils.D Earthworms search for moisture in sand and loamy soil.

B. Earthworms were most often found in the loamy soil habitat.

Sample Sand Loam Clay1 18 32 72 17 35 93 10 22 64 15 18 12

Totals 60 107 34

Frequency of Earthworms in Different Soils

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Vascular plants transport water and nutrients to all parts of the plant through —

A diffusion.B phagocytosis.C xylem and phloem.D cellular respiration and photosynthesis.

C. xylem and phloem

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In guinea pigs, the trait for ruffled fur is dominant over the trait for smooth fur. If a heterozygous male is crossed with a homozygous recessive female, what percent of the offspring would beexpected to have ruffled fur?

A 25%B 50%C 75%D 100%

B. 50%

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Meiosis is different from mitosis because meiosis produces —

A consistent genetic makeup of all gametes.B larger daughter cells.C two gametes for every original parent cell.D cells with half the number of chromosomes.

D. cells with half the number of chromosomes.

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Insects are gathered in a field trap. The number of insects was recorded for a week on the graph shown above. Based on the graph the

A insects have many predators.B weather has been wet and mild.C number of insects gathered is increasing.D number of traps being used is increasing.

C. number of insects gathered is increasing

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Which of the following best describes the order of events that leads to geneticexpression?

A DNA - RNA - amino acid - protein - genetic expressionB RNA - amino acid - DNA - protein - genetic expressionC DNA - amino acid - protein - RNA - genetic expressionD RNA - protein – DNA - amino acid - genetic expression

A. DNA - RNA - amino acid - protein - genetic expression

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What phase of mitosis is represented by the diagram?

A MetaphaseB ProphaseC TelophaseD Interphase

A. Metaphase

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ALL members of one species that live in a small geographic area make up one —

A phylum.B community.C population.D ecosystem.

C. population

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Assume that in humans there is a 50/50 chance that a child will be a boy. If a certainmother and father have four sons, what are the chances that their fifth child will bea daughter?

A 1/2B 1/5C 1/16D 1/25

A. 1/2

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Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. How many pairs are sex chromosomes?

A 1B 2C 3D 4

A. 1

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When a student is conducting an experiment, which one of the following is most likely NOT needed in the case of a chemical spill?

A Eyewash stationB Safety showerC Fire extinguisherD Chemical absorbent

C. Fire extinguisher

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In the food web, shown right, the population with the LOWEST biomass is

A hawk.B snake.C rabbit.D mouse.

A. hawk

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As respiration begins, glucose is broken down into pyruvic acid and two molecules of ATP are formed. What will happen next in yeast cells if NO oxygen is available?

A Krebs cycleB PhotosynthesisC Alcoholic fermentationD Lactic acid fermentation

C. Alcoholic fermentation

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The scientific name for bay live oaks that grow along the coast is Quercus virginiana var.maritima (Mill). Which of the following is MOST closely related to bay live oaks?

A Batis maritimaB Carpinus carolinia var. virginianaC Clematis virginiana L.D Quercus falcata var. pagodaefolia (Ell.)

D. Quercus falcata var. pagodaefolia (Ell.)

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Huntington’s disease is a genetic disorder in humans which is controlled by a dominant gene. If one parent is heterozygous for the trait and the other has normal alleles, what are their chances of having an offspring with the disease?

A 25%B 50%C 75%D 100%

B. 50%

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Which of the following would a cell MOST likely use to move materials by active transport?

A A channel proteinB A marker proteinC A phospholipid moleculeD A transfer RNA molecule

A. A channel protein

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Which of these is kept the same for all of the groups being tested in an experiment?

A ConclusionB ConstantC HypothesisD Variable

B. Constant

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A. overpopulate

When an organism is first introduced into an ecosystem and has no predators, it will

A overpopulate.B become extinct.C become a predator.D adapt.

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All organisms in the picture above have —A jointed legs.B body hair.C lungs.D bony skeletons.

D. Bony skeletons

71

During photosynthesis, energy from the sun is trapped in —

A chemical bonds.B the nuclei of atoms.C enzymes.D Golgi bodies.

A. Chemical bonds

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Which of these types of cell has a nuclear membrane?

A SpirillumB CoccusC LiverD Bacillus

C. liver

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The graph shows the effect of 4 mutagens on human skin and blood cells grown in alaboratory. One conclusion that might be drawn from this information is that —

A human cells are equally affected by mutagens.B mutagens affect cells in different ways.C nitrous oxide equally affects skin and blood cells.D nicotine is equally harmful to all human cells.

B. mutagens affect cells in different ways

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In corn plants, ragged leaves (R) are dominant to smooth leaves (r). If twoheterozygous ragged-leaf plants are crossed, what are the possible genotypesof the offspring?

A Rr onlyB Rr and rr onlyC RR and rr onlyD RR, Rr, and rr only

D. RR, Rr, and rr only

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Proteins that regulate chemical reactions in the body but remain unchanged by thereaction are known as —

A lymphocytes.B cytoplasm.C mitochondria.D enzymes.

D. enzymes

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Which of these conservation methods would result in saving renewable resources?

A Burning coal to produce electricityB Filtering and recycling used motor oilC Burying glass and metal containersD Shredding and recycling paper wastes

D. Shredding and recycling paper wastes

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The part of a eukaryotic cell that allows it to remain separate from the outsideenvironment is the —

A cell membrane.B ribosome.C cytoplasm.D Golgi vesicles.

A. Cell membrane

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The graph shows Panicum grass population counts over a ten-year period. Panicumis the main food source for finches in the area. Based on the graph, which of thesecan be expected of finch populations?A Increase in population in year 2B Decrease in population in year 3C Decrease in population in year 6D Increase in population in year 9

D. Increase in population in year 9

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Usable nitrogen is released into soil from animal wastes by the breakdown of —

A plant proteins.B water.C ammonia.D sugar molecules.

C. ammonia

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Invertebrate is to vertebrate as spider is to —A scorpion.B shrimp.C snail.D snake.

D. snake

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The wings of fruit flies curl if the flies live at a temperature of 25º Celsius. The wings are straight if the flies live at a temperature less than 25º Celsius. This is an example of —

A the fruit flies’ need for cool temperatures.B the negative effects of heat on fruit fly protein.C the effect of the environment on genetic expression.D the superiority of straight wings in desert environments.

C. the effect of the environment on genetic expression

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Which of the following is usually measured in micrometers?

A Specimen massB Organelle lengthC Tree heightD Sound intensity

B. Organelle length

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What is the region on the chromosome shown above marked by the letter “Q”?

A ChromatinB CentromereC CentrioleD Centrosome

B. centromere

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All carbohydrates are made of —A carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.B glucose, sucrose, and fructose.C cellulose, glycogen, and starch.D guanine, alanine, and cytosine.

A. carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

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Which of these is TRUE of a proper scientific experiment being conducted underreasonably similar conditions?

A It should provide identical results.B Anyone should be able to repeat it.C It should disprove a hypothesis.D Anyone should be able to influence the results.

B. Anyone should be able to repeat it.

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Which of the following receives the largest amount of its energy DIRECTLY fromthe sun?

A CarrotsB EggsC WolvesD Chickens

A. Carrots