Post on 01-Jan-2016
Biology 105Biology 105
Asking About Life
CHAPTER 1CHAPTER 1
The Unity and Diversity of Life
Chapter 1Chapter 1
Bacteria: Enough to Give You an Ulcer Key Concepts How Do Biologists Ask Questions?
Do Scientists Use the Scientific Method?
Do Scientists Use the Scientific Method?
scientific method
How Do Observations Lead to Models?
How Do Observations Lead to Models?
observations, models
What Is a Hypothesis?What Is a Hypothesis?
hypothesis
Where do hypotheses come from?
Where do hypotheses come from?
How do scientists decide if a hypothesis is correct?
What Makes a Good Experiment?
What Makes a Good Experiment?
control groups
How Do Scientists Design Experiments?
How Do Scientists Design Experiments?
Reductionism
What Is a Testable Hypothesis?
What Is a Testable Hypothesis?
testable
How Do Scientists Evaluate Experiments That Give
Varying Results?
How Do Scientists Evaluate Experiments That Give
Varying Results?Statistics
What Is Theory?What Is Theory?
Give Examples.
Biologists Ask Many Kinds of Questions?
Biologists Ask Many Kinds of Questions?
WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT LIFE?
WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT LIFE?
How Are Organisms Different from One Another?
How Are Organisms Different from One Another?
Eubacteria and Archaea - Bacteria Eukarya
• Four Kingdoms– PROTISTA– FUNGI– PLANTAE– ANIMALIA
HOMEOSTASIS AND NEGATIVE FEEDBACKHOMEOSTASIS AND
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
BOX 1-2
How Are Organisms Alike?How Are Organisms Alike?
ORGANIZED PARTS PERFORM CHEMICAL REACTIONS OBTAIN ENERGY FROM THEIR
SURROUNDINGS CHANGE RESPOND TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT REPRODUCE COMMON EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY
How Can We Tell If Something Is Alive?How Can We Tell If Something Is Alive?
Living organisms share many individual traits with nonliving things.
Only living organisms share a common ancestry.
Organisms Are Made of CellsOrganisms Are Made of Cells
EUKARYOTIC TRUE CELLS HAVE A NUCLEUS ORGANELLES
• mitochondria
PROKARYOTIC ARCHAIC CELLS NO NUCLEUS NO MEMBRANE
ORGANELLES EX. - BACTERIA
How do living organisms replace worn-out parts?How do living organisms replace worn-out parts?
A multicellular organism can lose and replace individual cells.
How much do organisms resemble one another
chemically?
How much do organisms resemble one another
chemically?SUGARS
AMINO ACIDS
LIPIDS
NUCLEOTIDES
Why Do Children Look Like Their Parents?
Why Do Children Look Like Their Parents?
Genes ensure continuity from generation to generation.
What are genes made of?What are genes made of?
DNA
NUCLEOTIDES
What creates variations from one generation to the next?
What creates variations from one generation to the next?
Mutations
What determines the characteristics of an
individual?
What determines the characteristics of an
individual?PHENOTYPE
How Do Organisms Become Different from One Another?How Do Organisms Become Different from One Another?
Common ancestry
Every species has a unique set of adaptations to the environment.
How Do We Know That the Diversity of Life Resulted from
Evolution?
How Do We Know That the Diversity of Life Resulted from
Evolution?The fossil record.
CHARLES DARWINCHARLES DARWIN
Evolution through natural selection H. M. S. Beagle He read several books. Collections from his grandfather Fossil record common traits in animals embryology selective breeding
The Origin of Species The Origin of Species
Natural selection over a very long period of time.
How are traits passed from one generation to the next?How are traits passed from one generation to the next?
Gregor Mendel formulated the laws of heredity.