Transcript of Bio-Economics Supply and Demand According to Chance.
- Slide 1
- Bio-Economics Supply and Demand According to Chance
- Slide 2
- 1) Oxygen and Mitochondria 2) In Vitro to In Vivo Measurements
3) MRI to Optical Imaging Grand Unified Theory of Britt Supply
Demand
- Slide 3
- Balance and Feedback
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- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_and_demand Increased
Demand: higher cost Unless Supply reacts to meet demand Demand
Quantity Price Economics: Supply and Demand Balance and
Feedback
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- Supply: G(BC)P 70 50 30 10 Pubs/year Results: 1478 Times cited:
68,155 Ave. citations per: 46.11 h-index: 122 pulse ~60 yrs Impact:
~3 ~200 yrs
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- Demand 1500 Citations/year 1000 Results: 1478 Times cited:
68,155 Ave. citations per: 46.11 h-index: 122 pulse ~60 yrs Impact:
~3 ~200 yrs
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- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_and_demand Increased
Demand: higher Metabolic cost Unless Supply reacts to meet demand
Supply Demand Quantity Price Bio-Economics: Supply and Demand
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- Cell-Vascular Coupling Diseases Coronary Artery Disease,
Peripheral Vascular Disease, Cancer, Neurological Disease, Diabetes
Consequences (causes) Restricted blood flow to tissue Cellular O 2
demand cannot be met Ischemia, hypoxia, necrosis ROS generation
Impaired cellular function, mitochondrial disease Causes
(consequences) Decreased vessel compliance, remodeling
endothelial/eNOS damage, impaired reactivity,
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- Cell-Vascular Coupling Diseases Quantify tissue oxygen
consumption, perfusion Perturbations: Occlusion, breathing,
exercise... Individual Physiology: detection, diagnosis, therapy
response BC Pioneered Optical Measurements
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- Intrinsic Signal Optical Imaging Remove skin/muscle, thin
skull. Mechanical Movement of C2 Whisker. 5 deflections at 5 Hz.
Illuminate with 630 nm light. Measure change in remitted light.
Grinvald, Lieke, Frostig, Gilbert, and Wiesel, Nature, 1986.
Whisker Stimulator Lens Ron Frostig, UCI
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- Hemodynamic Response stimulation Initial Dip Overshoot
(BOLD)Undershoot 1 mm 630 nm light (deoxy Hb) t ~ 1 st ~ 4 st ~ 7
s
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- Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging (SFDI) Rd (fx)Rd (fx) Spatial
Frequency, f x (mm -1 ) a, s ' Cuccia et. al., Opt Lett, (2005)
Cuccia et. al., JBO (2009) 1 0 photon density depth Tissue
Structured light SFDI Implications: 1)Optical Property Mapping
1)Depth-Resolved Imaging Tissue: a low-pass spatial filter
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- Hyperspectral SFDI L. Gao, R. T. Kester, and T. S. Tkaczyk,
Opt. Express 17, 12293-12308 (2009). Full images (350 x 350 pixels)
of 46 Wavelengths at 5 Hz. Close up Photo of Mapper Soren Konecky
Tomasz Tkaczyk
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- Intrinsic Signal Tomograpy depth Black & White: Baseline
Color: Functional Change increase decrease 10.5 -0.5
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- Biomedical Optics Before Chance (B.C.) Light Source Detector
cuvette pre-1987
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- Biomedical Optics Chance Era (C.E.) No Cuvette (too expensive)
Abundant supply of body parts Time-shared laser sources (off time
saves $$) RF electronics = Radio Shack
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- Grand Unified Theory of Britt Supply Demand
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- New Unit of Measure: 1 BCU = 100 mW/cm 2 ~Max exposure
intensity for biotissue damage BCU: Max intensity At the limit
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- Photons are Cheaper $10 6 /Tesla $10 -14 /photon