BENCHMARK #4 REVIEW

Characteristics of the Various Kingdoms/Ecology/Health/

Behavior

KINGDOM CHARACTERISTICS

#1A: In what Kingdom would these organisms be classified?#1B: Do they have a nucleus?#1C: Name one way this group obtains energy.

#2A: How can these be classified? #2B: Why are they not considered to be alive?#2C:Name a disease caused by a virus?

#3A-C: What are the three common shapes of bacteria?

A

B

C

#4A: To what Kingdom do these organisms belong?#4B: How are they different in term of how they obtain energy?#4C: Are members of this group mostly- unicellular or multicellular?

#5 A-C. Which of the following is sexual and which is asexual? Name each method of reproduction.

A

B

C

6A:What Kingdom?6B: Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic?6C: Autotrophic or heterotrophic?6D: Name a unicellular

fungus.6E: Name a disease

caused by a fungus.6F: What would be considered distinguishing anatomy for these organisms?

#7A: What function do the structures that make up the ring perform?#7B: Name two ways humans make use of fungi.

#8A-C: Identify and give the function of each of the following structures.

A

B

C

#9A-D: Identify each of the following flower parts.

AB

C

D

#10A-F:Label the following CLADOGRAM with these terms: Vascular tissue, Conifers, Ferns, Seeds, Mosses, Flowers and Fruit.

A B C

DE

F

#11A-C: Label the following parts of a seed.

A

B

C

#12A: Are these organisms Vascular or non-vascular plants?12B: Name another way they are different than higher plants?12C: What does the term” alternation of generations” mean when applied to plants?

#13: Which of the following organisms undergo alternation of generations?A. ChordataB. ArthropodsC. GymnospermsD. Annelids

#14: Which of the following does not produce seeds?

AB

C

#15: Match the picture with the group name.a: angiospermb: bryophytec. gymnosperm

1 2

3

#16A: What structures form the black lines in this image?16B: Define: transpiration.

#17A& B: What types of symmetry are shown below?#17C. Which organism demonstrates cephalization?

#18A-E: Identify each type of tissue shown below.

A

BC

D

E

#19A & B: What structures are used by insects to respire?Small Openings

Purple Lines

#20A: Into what phylum would these be classified?#20B: Vertebrate or Invertebrate?#20C: What type of circulatory system do they have?#20D:Complete or incomplete digestive system?

#21: Why is A considered to be more advanced than B?

AB

#22A: What type of circulatory system is shown below?22B:How do they eliminate waste?

#23A: Name a group that has each of the following types of circulation.

#24A:Why don’t these creatures need a respiratory system?

#25A: Name one way each of the organisms shown below are similar.25B: Give one major way in which they are different.

#26A: Name a feature mammals share with birds.26B: Name an anatomical feature only mammals have.

#27A: What major function do Stomata, tracheal tubes, and the skin of amphibians perform?

#28A: What major function is performed in the structures (veins, arteries, xylem, phloem) shown below?

#29: Identify each organ.

A B

C

#30:What body system takes care of each of the following?A: removal of ammoniaB: Falling in LoveC: Getting oxygen to the tissues

#31A:Which of the following organisms is most likely to use anaerobic respiration?#31B: What compounds are produced as a result?

#32A: In what part of a plant would you find cells specialized for cell division (mitosis)?

ANIMAL BEHAVIOR

#1A:What type of behavior is demonstrated below (birds ignoring the scarecrow)

#2A: What type of behavior is being demonstrated on the right below?2B: What type of behavior is being shown in the Peanuts cartoon ?

#3A: What type of behavior is being shown below?#3B: Who is the scientist pictured?

#4A: Mammals suckling is an example of what type of behavior?#4B: Give another example of this type of behavior.

#5A: This cartoon is an example of what type of behavior?#5B: How do dolphins communicate?

#6A: What is the general name of the chemicals used by the organisms on the left to communicate?6B: What type of social behavior is shown on the right?

#7A: A behavior that follows a 24 hour cycle is called a _______ rhythm.#7B:Why is the behavior on the right a trophism and not a taxis?

AB

#8A: The attraction of moths to a light source is an example of which type of behavior?A. conditioning b. imprintingc. habituation d. innate

#8B: Is this positive or negative?Geo or photo?Taxis or trophism?

Pathogens, Disease, and Immunity

#1A:Summarize the role of the environment and genetics in each of the diseases shown below.1B: Name two other diseases in which both the environment and genetics play a role.

#2A: What is an antigen? #2B: What type of specific defense systems makes use of the structure on the right below?

#3A: Briefly explain how a vaccine, like the one shown below, works.#3B: Why has it been difficult to develop a vaccine against HIV?

#4A: What is the vector and what is the pathogen in the following disease?4B: Why does this disease seem to be isolated to equatorial regions?

#5A: What is the relationship between sickle cell anemia (left) and the transmission of malaria (right)?

#6: Match the disorder with its cause.

a. exposure to a toxinb. poor nutritionc. tobaccod. viral infection

A B

C

D

#7A:Which of the following are general defenses against keeping pests out?#7B: Name two of your general defenses against disease.

#8A: Little Miss Muffet is bitten by the black widow spider on the right. She is then given an antibiotic produced inside Babe. What type of immunity is this?

#9A:Why are children more susceptible to lead poisoning than other age groups?#9B: Give another example of a metal that causes nervous system disorders.

#10A: Fill-in the missing blanks.

A

B C

D

ECOLOGY

#1A: What word best describes the organisms shown below?

#2:Match the picture with the correct type of symbiosis.A: mutualismB. commensalismC. Parasitism

A B

#3A: Name two ways water is cycled in the biogeochemical cycle shown below.#3B: What does it mean to say phosphorus is a common limiting factor?

#4A: Name two major anthropogenic (human) contributors to an increase in CO2 in the atmosphere.#4B: Name two important biological processes that cycle carbon.

#5A: What organisms are essential to the proper functioning of the biogeochemical cycle shown below?#5B: What is nitrogen used for in organisms?

#6A: In terms of energy flow, how are the two diagrams different?#6B: What is the typically range of ecological efficiency in an energy pyramid?

#7A: Where would you place decomposers, like fungi, on the following energy pyramid?#7B: Why are there fewer snakes than toads?

#8A: Which components of a typical ecosystem have the greatest biomass?#8B: At what level is the greatest amount of energy available?

#9A: How are the two terms shown in the graph below different?#9B: What prevents a species from achieving its fundamental niche?

#10: What ecological principles are illustrated in Figures A and B below?

AB

#11A: According to this graph, where is most of the world’s population growth occurring?#11B: Name two major factors that slow the rate of a population’s growth.

#12A: What effect did the spraying of DDT have on bird populations?#12B What is the name of the process shown in the figure on the right by which DDT builds up in a food chain?

#13A: How are primary and secondary succession different?#13B: Give an example of where each of them would typically occur.#13C: What are Pioneer Species and give an example?

#14A: What information is the scientist on the left attempting to collect?#14B: Since the vegetation is sparse what might be a common limiting factor for the plants shown?

#15A: What consequence of the wide spread use of pesticides is shown in the graph?

#16A: What are CFC’s and how do they relate to the picture shown below?

#17A: Name 2 greenhouse gases.#17B: Briefly describe the Greenhouse Effect.#17C: Name one problem associated with Global Warming.

#18A: Name two ways this (deforestation) contributes to a rise in global temperatures.#18B: Why are forests important in the carbon cycle and in preventing global warming?

#19A: If temperature fluctuations have occurred over the past 500,000 years why are scientist so concerned?#19B: Gases like CO2 that hold in the earth’s heat are called ___________.#19C What might cause an increase in atmospheric CO2?

#20A: Why is this diagram important in the discussion of global warming?

#21A: What name is given to graphs like the ones shown below?#21B: Which population will experience the greatest growth in the near future?

#22A: What factors might cause the carrying capacity to change for a given population?#22B: What type of growth is being shown on each of the graphs below?

AB

#23A:What does the following graph suggest about the relationship between predators and prey?

#24A: Name two things that cause the death rate to fall as a country enters stage 2.#24B:Why does the population begin to grow exponentially during Stage 2?.

#25A: Which of the following organisms has the highest biotic potential?#25B:How does the term ”environmental resistance” relate to biotic potential?

#26A: The following chart shows changes in the average of height of Japanese males.Which of the following is most likely the cause in the increase from 1867?A: breeding B: genetics C: better nutrition D: natural selection

CILIATES: Paramecium, VorticellaUnicellular

use cilia to moveasexual: binary fission

sexual: conjugationheterotrophs

SARCODINES: AmoebaUnicellular

Use pseudopods to movemostly asexualheterotrophs

some pathogenic

Green Algae: Volvox, Spirogyraunicellular or colonial (A & B)

AutotrophicAsexual: binary fissionSexual: conjugation (C)

A B

C

Volvox:colony

Conjugation

Lichen Types (Air Quality)