Bell Work• Do you know where Greece is or the Greeks came from?

• If you do not then write no.

•What do you know about the Greek’s?

Greek Civilizatio

n

Greece’s Geography• Mountainous

• European coast of the Mediterranean Sea– 400 islands off of

Greece

• Greece has 2 main peninsulas(3 sides surrounded by water)–Attica– Peloponnesus

Greece’s Geography• Attica & Peloponnesus

–Attica- Small, triangle shaped• Harbors-Sheltered places along the coast

–Peloponnesus-South of Attica

–Mountains & sea divide the area• Greek cities were independent

Greece’s Geography

• Farming–Mountains & rocky soil• Hard to farm

–Grew crops that were grown well in harsh environment• Olives (Staple crop)–Food–Oil (Cooking and Fuel)

• Sheep & Goats• Food was scarce even w/farming-Rely on the sea

Greece’s Geography

• The Greek Economy–Ppl. lived w/in 40 mi. of the sea• Link to the world

–Fishers, Sailors, Shipbuilders, & Traders/Merchants

–Bought grain from other areas of the world• Ex. Spain & Egypt

Greece’s Geography

Bell Work

•How did Ancient Greece’s geography effect the society?

Trading Civilizations• The Minoans, Mycenaeans, & Phoenicians

created ancient Greek Culture

• The Minoans-From island of Crete–Expert traders–They became wealthy-Rulers palace had

1,000 rooms–2000 B.C.- controlled trade in Eastern

Mediterranean Sea–1450 B.C.- Tsunami washed over Crete• Tidal Wave• Mycenaeans Greeks took over Minoans

Trading Civilizations

• The Mycenaeans-From Central Asia–Came to Greece around 1900 B.C.–Took Greek mainland & set up small kingdoms•Set around a palace on a protected hill–Center of trade=peace–Protection in war

–Earthquakes & war weakened society•Conquered-1200 B.C. by Dorians (iron weapons, not bronze)

–1150 B.C.-Civilization collapsed

Trading Civilizations

• The Phoenicians- From Phoenicia–E. Mediterranean (now Lebanon)–Needed sea to survive–3000 B.C.-Mediterranean to trade•Created colonies along route• Trade goods= cloth, glass objects, & engraved metal•Sidon & Tyre created purple dye–Most valuable trade good in Mediterranean for 2,500 yrs.

Trading Civilizations

• A Phoenician Invention–Spread culture, ideas, & trade goods•Create better goods & ideas•Greatest invention-Phoenician alphabet –Basis for our alphabet (Letters B, L, & O used)–Ancient Greeks adapted it to create their language–Reading & writing were simpler–Write tales that had been passed down orally

Trading Civilizations

Greek Religion & Culture

• Practiced Polytheism–12 main gods & goddesses• Lived on Mt. Olympus

• Played role in daily life

• Controlled natural events–Earthquakes & storms

• Festivals held to honor gods & goddesses–Ex. Olympic games held to honor Zeus

Greek Religion & Culture• Philosophy

–Philosophers- Lover of wisdom• Studied history, math, political science, & science• Great thinkers & taught students

–Socrates discussed ways to live- mid-400 B.C.• Angered people in his town (Athens)• Questioning customs, laws and religion• Put on trial for urging people to revolt-sentenced to death• Plato–Student of Socrates wrote down ideas & became a

teacher–Had Aristotle the famous philosopher as a student

Greek Religion & Culture

• Greek Dramas & Epics–Plays included comedies & dramas• Comedy-Play that ends happily• Tragedy-Play where main character is defeated or dies

–Held in outside theaters

–Actors wear a mask• Frowning masks=tragic figures• Smiling mask=comedy figures

Greek Religion & Culture

• Greek Dramas & Epics–Enjoyed poems that show Greek history

–Homer was a famous Greek poet•Created 2 epics

•What are epics?–Iliad –About a war b/t the Greeks & the Trojans–Odyssey-About a hero named Odysseus a person in the Greek army who took 20 yrs. to get home after the Trojan War