Post on 19-Jan-2018
description
Basic terms and concepts• Photography is …• Inverse Square Law• Color Temperature
– Mixing light sources– Filters (in camera, light mounted, window mounted)
• Needs of camera / mood of shot / invisible• 3 point lighting (background, kicker)
– Flat lighting, 2-point?, bounce?
• Typical equipment– Spot of flood– Quartz, HSF or LED– Grid or light stands
Key to Effective Lighting:Shadow
• Shadow gives images form, weight, texture, mood, depth. Also reveals spatial relationships.
3 considerations before lighting
• Key light placement – 180 degrees around subject
• Quality of light – hard or soft• Shadow treatment – low key or high key
Try to separate subject from background
3 results of light hitting object
Typical 3 point lighting diagram
3 Attributes of Key Light
• Primary source of illumination• Primary factor of overall exposure• Determines placement and quality of
shadow
Quality of Light
• Refers to hard or soft quality of light• “Pin” or undiffused sources create hard
shadows that fall off sharply (fresnel)• Soft light is created by using large sources
of diffused light.• Determined by two attributes
– Large source– Relatively close to subject
Floor plan of Portrait Key Light Possibilities
Subject lit from 3:00 Position
Subject lit from 4:00 Position
Subject lit from 4:30 Position
Subject lit from 6:00 Position
See textbook example
• Catch lights to show proper placement• Broadlighting: when the key light shines of
the side of the face closest to the camera• Short lighting: when the key light is on the
side of the face opposite the camera; the camera is on the fill or shadow side
Functions of Fill Light
• Fills shadows created by key light• Does not create new shadow
Adding Fill for Portrait Lighting
Fill Light Without Fill With Fill
Backlight Hard backlight Soft Backlight
Background With Background Without Background
Hard vs. Soft Key Light
Hard Soft
Relative Distance of Soft Light Source
Close Far
Lighting Dark Skin with Large Sources of Light
Pin Light Source Large Diffused Source
One Light Setup Use available Light from existing window
One-Light Setup
Available Light One-Light Setup
One-Light Setup
Light directly in front Short Side of Face
Color Balance Color Temps Mixing Key light with color
correction
Warming the Scene Normal Color Balance Tricking Camera to
Produce Warmer Tones
Using Backlight as Key
Use Large sources for Specular Reflections
Backlight as Key Creates Form, Depth, Dynamic Images
Camera
• Indoor, outdoor, automatic• Manual vs. automatic (of anything)• Size of chip (JVC)• Camera to subject distance• Light to subject distance
Lighting effects
• Silhouette – back lit
Lighting effects
• Cameo: spot on subject, dark background
Lighting effects
• Limbo: softly lit (white) background