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Namastē! Lesson 9 | Basic Hindi

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Lesson object

1 Demonstratives

2 Usage of demonstratives

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Revision : Basic interrogatives

English Hindi

How much/many? Kitnā / kitnē?

How? Kaisē?

What? Kyā?

When? Kab?

Where? Kahān?

Who? Kaun?

Which? Kaunsa?

Why? Kyon?

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Revision : Conversation!

English Hindi

Which language do you

speak? Āp kaunsi bhāṣā bōltay hō?

I speak Spanish/Hindi Maiṁ Spanish/Hindi bōltī/bōltā hooṁ

Why are you angry? Āp nārāj kyon ho?

I am angry because I stole

my money

Maiṁ nārāj hooṁ kyōṅki mērē paisey

gumā ho gayē

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Lesson object

1 Demonstratives

2 Usage of demonstratives

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Today's conversation!

Today we will learn a new Sentence Structur

This is Mark

That is Lisa

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Demonstratives

Demonstratives are words relying on an external frame of reference(they are not

things said in the sentence itself) that indicate what entity is a

speaker referring to

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Demonstratives

For example,

'That car' answers the question, 'Which car'?

(car being the external frame of reference here)

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Demonstratives

Unlike English, in Hindi demonstratives always come before the object subject

This

Yaha

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Demonstratives

Unlike English, in Hindi demonstratives always come before the object subject

That

Vaha

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Demonstratives

Demonstratives point to the entity a speaker is referring to

This = Yaha

That = Vaha

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Lesson object

1 Demonstratives

2 Usage of demonstratives

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Demonstratives - example

Let's take an example: Say you’re at a party and Lisa is standing next to

you while Mark is on the dance floor, away from you

To introduce them you would say:

This is Lisa = Yaha Lisā hai That is Mark = Vaha Mārk hai

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Demonstratives - example

This is Lisa

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Demonstratives - example

This is Lisa

Yaha is Lisā

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Demonstratives - example

Sentence StructureDemonstrative | Subject | 'To-be' verb

This is Lisa

Yaha Lisā hai

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Demonstratives - example

That is Mark

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Demonstratives - example

That is Mark

Vaha hai Mārk

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Demonstratives - example

Sentence StructureDemonstrative | Subject | 'To-be' verb

That is Mark

Vaha Mārk hai

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Grammar tip

This (Yaha) is used to indicate objects / people in close proximity

That (Vaha) is used to indicate objects / people who are not around

(not present / close-by)

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Demonstratives - example

How many fruits?

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Demonstratives - example

How many fruits

kitnē phal

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Demonstratives - example

Kitnē is used as 'fruits' is plural

How many fruits?

Kitnē phal?

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Grammar tip

Kitnē is used as 'fruits' is plural

The actual question being asked here is ‘how many fruits are these / those?’ thus the

answer becomes 'Yaha Kitnē phal haiṁ?'

'These' and 'those ' (pronouns) also acts as a demonstrative

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Demonstratives - example

Question structureDemonstrative | Interrogation | Suject |

'To-be' verb

How many fruits(are these)?

Yaha kitnē phal haiṁ?

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Let's see if you remember…

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Exercise : Pick the right option

'How many fruits' translates to___

1

Yaha Lisā hai

2

Kitnē phal

3

Yaha kitnē phal haiṁ

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Solution

'How many fruits' translates to___

1

Yaha Lisā hai

2

Kitnē phal

3

Yaha kitnē phal haiṁ

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Recall what the other options translate as!

English Hindi

This is Lisa Yaha Lisā hai

How many fruits are these Yaha Kitnē phal haiṁ

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Revision : Demonstratives

English Hindi

This Yaha

That Vaha

These Yaha

Those Vaha

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Revision : Today's conversation!

English Hindi

This is Lisa Yaha Lisā hai

That is Mark Vaha Mārk hai

How many fruits? Kitnē phal?

How many fruits(are these)? Yaha Kitnē phal haiṁ?

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Culture leaf

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Culture leaf - Games in India

Field Hockey is the national game on India

A wide variety of sports is played throughout the

country These include kabbadi, kho kho, pehlwani,

and gilli-danda

British rule brought many popular sports in India

including football, rugby, cricket, golf, tennis, squash,

Hockey, boxing, snooker, and billiards

Indians are crazy about cricket

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Culture leaf - Games in India

India is the birthplace of chess

The original word for 'chess' is

chaturanga (Sanskrit) meaning

'four members of an army'

Which were mostly likely

elephants, horses, chariots, and

foot soldiers

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What's next?

In the next lesson we will lean how to use demonstratives along with interrogations!

We will answer questions such as ‘What is this?' 'When did this happen?'

and many more!

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Credits

Content

Culture Alley

Culture leaf

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_in_India

Image

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ChessSet.jpg

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Dhan'yavād! See you at the Alley!

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