Post on 18-May-2015
description
Four Systems
of
Our
Earth
Composition of Earth Earth Has 4 main systems that interact:
Earth’s systems
Atmosphere Hydrosphere Biosphere Geosphere
water life land/rockAir/gases
The Atmosphere– layer of gas that surrounds Earth more commonly known as “air”.
Atmosphere. How do you know its there
Is this “air” that surrounds us considered matter? Does it weigh anything? How do you know?
Think about it and decide on an answer. Talk in groups with the person who sits by
you Be ready to tell the class what you decided
and why.
Weight of the atmosphere Gases are in the
atmosphere. They are things we
learned about in the periodic table: Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen
It is matter! Sound can travel through it.
Even though you can’t see them, Atoms make up gases.
Are some atoms bigger than others? Are their atomic weights all the same?
Helium vs. Carbon DioxideDo you think of helium as light and floating or heavy and falling?
Do you think about Carbon Dioxide as light and floating or heavy and falling….think about the gas released from dry ice… does it go up or down?
http://jp.youtube.com/watch?v=F239cINIADs
Composition of Earth Earth Has 4 main systems that interact:
The Atmosphere Mostly Nitrogen and Oxygen Water vapor is responsible for clouds and
precipitation Has layers Protects us from meteors and comets, x-rays,
gamma rays, ultra violet light
The Hydrosphere The Biosphere The Geosphere
Atmosphere
Exosphere--
Thermosphere--
Mesosphere--
Stratosphere--
Troposphere
Composition of Earth’s atmosphere Earth Has 4 main
systems that interact: The Atmosphere
layers Exosphere Thermosphere Mesosphere Stratosphere Troposphere The Hydrosphere
The Biosphere The Geosphere
Exosphere
Composition of Earth’s atmosphere Earth Has 4 main systems
that interact: The Atmosphere
Troposphere Contains most clouds and
weather. Temperature cools as you go
higher50% of sun’s energy passes through, 50% is reflected back.
Most of the troposphere’s heat is from Earth (convection)
Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere
The Hydrosphere The Biosphere The Geosphere
Exosphere
Atmosphere
Exosphere--
Thermosphere--
Mesosphere--
Stratosphere--
Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather.Temperature cools as you go higher50% of sun’s energy passes through, 50% is reflected back.Most of the troposphere’s heat is from Earth (convection)
Troposphere and Clouds Among other gases there is water vapor in
the troposphere. Clouds—form when air rises, cools to its dew
point, and becomes saturated (moist).
Water Vapor Demonstration
Water Cycle Demo
Precipitation-falling water in the form of rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow, or hail
Section 2: Earth’s WeatherTroposphere
Weather—the atmosphere’s condition in terms of temperature, cloud cover, wind speed and direction, humidity, and air pressure.
What are different types of weather? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Temperature—a measure of how fast air molecules are moving.
When molecules are moving rapidly, temperature is high.
Celsius and Fahrenheit thermometers measure air temperature.
Section 2: Earth’s WeatherTroposphere
What is the temperature like today? Hot/ Cold ______________________ Degrees Fahrenheit_______________ Degrees Celsius _________________
Section 2: Earth’s WeatherTroposphere
Energy is transferred between fast-moving molecules and slower-moving molecules.
Conduction—transfer of energy when molecules collide.
Give an example of something heating up due to conduction: __________________________________
Convection occurs when warm air rises and cool air sinks.
Give an example of something heating up due to convection: ___________________________________
Section 2: Earth’s WeatherTroposphere
Air pressure— air weight that varies over Earth’s surface.
Warmer air is less dense and exerts less pressure.
Cooler air is more dense and exerts more pressure.
Section 2: Earth’s WeatherTroposphere
Air Pressure Demonstration—Write about what you learned
Humidity— the amount of water vapor in the air
Temperature affects how much moisture is in the air.
Dewpoint—when the air is holding as much water vapor as it can
Relative humidity— a measure of the amount of water vapor present compared to the amount that could be held at a specific temperature.
THAT WAS ALL ABOUT THE TROPOSPHERE!!!
Lets cover the other layers briefly.
Go back up to the graphic organizer at the top of your notes and fill in info about each layer.
Atmosphere
Exosphere--
Thermosphere--
Mesosphere--
Stratosphere--
Troposphere
Composition of Earth’s atmosphere Earth Has 4 main
systems that interact: The Atmosphere
Troposphere Stratosphere
10 km to 50 km contains ozone that absorbs
much of the Sun’s ultraviolet radiation.
Gets warmer as you go up. Mesosphere Thermosphere
The Hydrosphere The Biosphere The Geosphere
Atmosphere
Exosphere--
Thermosphere--
Mesosphere-
Stratosphere--10 km to 50 km , contains ozone that absorbs much of the Sun’s ultraviolet radiation. , Gets warmer as you go up.
Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather. Most of the troposphere’s heat is from Earth Temperature cools about 6.5 degrees Celsius per kilometer of altitude.
Composition of Earth’s atmosphere Earth Has 4 main
systems that interact: The Atmosphere
Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere
50-85 km The coldest part of the
atmosphere. It can get down to -90°C in the mesosphere.
Thermosphere The Hydrosphere The Biosphere The Geosphere
Atmosphere
Exosphere--
Thermosphere--
Mesosphere- 50-85 km, The coldest part of the atmosphere. It can get down to -90°C in the mesosphere. -
Stratosphere--10 km to 50 km , contains ozone that absorbs much of the Sun’s ultraviolet radiation. , Gets warmer as you go up.
Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather. Most of the troposphere’s heat is from Earth Temperature cools about 6.5 degrees Celsius per kilometer of altitude.
Composition of Earth’s atmosphere Earth Has 4 main systems that
interact: The Atmosphere
Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere
80-500 km Temperatures increase up to 1,700°C Filters out x-rays and gamma rays
from the sun. This is an image of the space shuttle
as it is orbiting around the Earth. The space shuttle orbits in the thermosphere of the Earth.
The Hydrosphere The Biosphere The Geosphere
Atmosphere
Exosphere--
Thermosphere-- 80-500 km, Temperatures increase up to 1,700°C, Filters out x-rays and gamma rays from the sun. , This is an image of the space shuttle as it is orbiting around the Earth. The space shuttle orbits in the thermosphere of the Earth.
Mesosphere--The temperature drops when you go higher, like it does in the troposphere. Coldest part of the atmosphere
Stratosphere--from 10 km to 50 km above Earth’s surface, this layer contains ozone that absorbs much of the
Sun’s ultraviolet radiation.
Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather., Most of the troposphere’s heat is from Earth, Temperature cools about 6.5 degrees Celsius per kilometer of altitude.
Exosphere
The last layer of the atmosphere Difficult to tell where it stops and space
begins Very few atoms in this layer of the
atmosphere
Atmosphere
Exosphere--The last layer of the atmosphere, Difficult to tell where it stops and space begins, Very few atoms in this layer of the atmosphere
Thermosphere-- The air is really thin that high up. The temperature changes with the solar activity. If the sun is active,
temperatures in the thermosphere can get up to 1,500°C or higher!
Mesosphere--The temperature drops when you go higher, like it does in the troposphere. Coldest part of the atmosphere
Stratosphere--from 10 km to 50 km above Earth’s surface, this layer contains ozone that absorbs much of the
Sun’s ultraviolet radiation.
Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather., Most of the troposphere’s heat is from Earth, Temperature cools about 6.5 degrees Celsius per kilometer of altitude.
Ionosphere
Within the mesosphere and thermosphere is a layer of electrically charged particles. This layer allows radio waves to travel across the country to another city.
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