Dr  Akinwale  Aboyade

 

Energy  Specialist:  Uni

versity  of  Johannesbu

rg  

Technical  Director:  Pro

tergia  Nigeria  Limited  

!Azuka  Ogu

ndeji  

Legal  Director:  Proter

gia  Nigeria  Limited  

!Mollagee  Mansoor  

Director:  University  o

f  Johannesburg

Assessing  Nigeria’s  Pre

paredness  for  

Large  Scale  Deployment  of  

Embedded  Renewable  E

nergy  

GeneraJon

Outline

•Background  •What  is  embedded  generaJon  (EG)?  • Issues  in  EG  •Requirements  for  successful  EG  regime  •Renewable  Energy  as  EG  opJon  for  Nigeria  •RecommendaJons  going  forward

Background: Conventional grid system

Source: en.wikipedia.org

What is EG• EG is generation embedded

within a distribution network

• EG also called:

Distributed generation

Decentralised generation

• EG is not a new phenomenon. It preceded centralised systems

Transmission grid

Distribution grid

Utility scale generators

EG (consumers)

EG (dedicated)

Why EG?• Reduced need for large-scale generators

• EGs not necessarily more expensive (scale economy, less permits required)

• EGs are quicker to deploy

• Reduced need for transmission infrastructure

• Reduced transmission losses

• Increased system reliability/resilience

• Supply and demand matching

• Reduced need for peaking plants

• Customisable and more efficient

• Increased local economic development (SME involvement)

Options for EGIncludes many of same technology options for utility scale

• Conventional technologies • Primary fossils (Gas/Oil/Coal) • Diesel • Hydro

• New Alternatives • Solar • Wind • Biomass • CHP • Co-generation • Tri-generation

Source: cleanenergytransmission.org

More about RE…

• RE is better suited to EG for some key reasons:

• scalability

• location flexibility

• environmentally sustainable

• RE technologies are now established and reliable

Source: www.fermeng.ie

EG Status: Global

Source: www.energymanagertoday.com

Components of successful EG regime

EG success

InfrastructureGenerator type

Market/pricingStandards/codes

IncentivesNet metering

Smart grids

Case for EG in Nigeria• Reduced need for large-scale generators

• Reduced need for transmission infrastructure

• Reduced transmission losses

• Increased system reliability/resilience

• Supply and demand matching

• Reduced need for peaking plants

• Customisable and more efficient

• Increased local economic development (SME involvement)

EG Status: Nigeria

• 20 GW from private generators of back-up power, most not grid tied

• EG not a success by any means

• It is however now receiving attention under the new power sector reforms

EG regulations in Nigeria• Regulations for Embedded

Generation 2012

• Regulations for Captive generations 2012

• New regulations for procurement of generation capacity 2014 (exemptions for <10MW)

• Distribution Code v01

RE Development in Nigeria

• Implementation status

• Market interest

• Regulations

• Policy support

Targets (MW)

Short Term (2005-2007)

Medium Term (2008-2015)

Long Term (2016-2025)

Hydro (large) 1930 5930 48,000Hydro (small) 100 734 19,000

Solar PV 5 120 500Solar Thermal 1 5

Biomass 100 800Wind 1 20 40

All 2,036 6,905 68,345

RE Potential: Solar

Main challenges

• Targeted policy support

• To RE industry

• To market structure

• Infrastructure

Way forward• Stakeholder consultation

• Resource assessment

• Grid capacity assessment

• Market studies

• Awareness raising

• Skills transfer

Thank you!