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WASBO CONFERENCE

ASBESTOS-PART 1Bill Freeman, CHMM, CIAQP

bfreeman@emc-wi.com 262-949-0949

WASBO CONFERENCE

Regulatory Agencies in WIEPA –Fed protection of environmentWDNR – Fed + Citation AuthorityOSHA (DSPS) – Worker protectionDHS – CertificationLocal AgenciesWhere to Start….

Asbestos is a natural occurringmineral made of fibers

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Most asbestos mines are in Quebec, Canada and the Russian Urals, which account for 3/4 of world production of chrysotile asbestos.

Asbestos is mined

What is Asbestos?Asbestos fibers are 1200 times smaller

than a human hair

What is Asbestos?

Three main types of Asbestos:Chrysotile - white

asbestos, accounts for 95% of all asbestos used in building materials

Amosite - brown asbestos, water resistant

Crocidolite - blueasbestos

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Why Was Asbestos Used?

Tensile/mechanical strengthIncombustible - will not burnCorrosion/chemical resistanceElectrical, heat, sound insulatorFriction resistanceBacteria resistanceDrying characteristics

Where is Asbestos Used?

Asbestos Containing Building Material (ACBM) is found in:Structural Systems: beams,

columns and wallsMechanical Systems: HVAC and

PlumbingElectrical SystemsArchitectural Systems: finished

surfaces

Where is Asbestos Used?

Because of its unique properties, asbestos has been widely used in the building trades throughout this century.

This 1981 advertisement in Asbestos Magazine, an industry publication,lauded the use of asbestos in the construction of the World Trade Center.

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Pipe, boiler and duct insulationPipe lagging or ‘mag’Cements and ‘muds’ for pipe elbowsBlock, batt and blanket insulationAircell pipe wrapPaper duct wrapGaskets and ropes

Where is Asbestos Used?

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The gray corrugated, cardboard-like material is Aircell

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Where is Asbestos Used?

Sprayed-on applicationsFireproofingArchitectural decoration

Trowelled-on applicationsAcoustical plasters

Acoustical plaster -- In most cases, the asbestos layer is the thin (1/8") textured surface layer; the base coat (brown-coat) pressed into wire lathe must also be tested for asbestos content.

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Asbestos is often found on ceilings as a sprayed-on material. Generally, this material is friable. If it is encapsulated or has a hard coating, it does not represent a hazard unless disturbed.

Spray-on in Residential Ceiling

Here is an example of friable asbestos sprayed-on ceiling beams as fireproofing. Notice where the asbestos is hanging loose.

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Where is Asbestos Used?

Floor tileCeiling tileTransite siding and slate shinglesRoofing feltsWallboardMastics, tars, joint compounds

9” x 9” Floor Tile

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Asbestos cement is the most extensively used form of asbestos. This is found commonly on garage/shed roofs, soffits and guttering. Asbestos cement usually contains between 10-25% white asbestos bonded into the cement matrix.

“Transite”

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Category II ACM -- lab bench top (transite).

Unpainted Drywall showing Taping Compound: when drywall is painted it is impossible to determine the extent of the taping compound.

Asbestos contamination in vermiculite

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Asbestos in Other Places

Athletic TracksWindow caulks and glazes, ext. caulkTerrazzo and slip sheetsFoundation water-proofingVermiculite in block wallsSink coatingsElectrical components

History of asbestos regulation

OSHA-1970 1st asbestos regulation that protects workersEPA 1982 Schools Rule-Required the

identification of friable asbestos containing building materials in schoolsAHERA (Asbestos Hazard Emergency

Response Act)-Covers the identification and management of all asbestos containing building materials in schools.

Then why is it so bad?

If asbestos is so good...

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HEALTH EFFECTS

HEALTH EFFECTS

EVALUATE RISKSMiners, ApplicationEpidemiological

StudiesLab Animals

PHYSICIANSObserve SymptomsHypothesisAttempt ProofStudy Data

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HEALTH EFFECTSWHERE IS CURRENT

DATA FROM?Animal StudiesMiners and

InsulatorsMore Likely to

Acquire Asbestos Related DiseasesDOSE-RESPONSE

Autopsies Show Asbestos in most Urban Residents

HEALTH EFFECTSHARMFUL PROPERTIESSize of Fiber

• 5 microns

Durability BODIES ABILITY TO BREAK

DOWN• Fiberglass 2-3 Years• Asbestos >100 Years

Shape of Fiber • Barbed

No Proof of Different Toxicity

Problematic asbestos - small, aerodynamic

Defeats Respiratory defense mechanisms

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Fiber Shape

Toxicity

HEALTH EFFECTS

ROUTES OF ENTRYINHALATION

Dose Response

INGESTIONEating SmokingHygiene

Respiratory Tract

NoseTrachea - humidifiedBronchibronchioles alveoli

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NASAL HAIRSMUCUSSILIVACILIA

phagocyteslysozymesmacrophages

NATURAL DEFENSE

HEALTH EFFECTS

THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

EXCHANGE OF GASESCO2/O2Oxygenate the blood

HEALTH EFFECTS

DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH ASBESTOS

AsbestosisLung CancerMesothelioma

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ASBESTOSIS

Fibrotic Scaring of the Lung • FIBROSIS

Impairs Elasticity Restricts O2 Exchange

LATENCY PERIOD:• 15-30 YEARS

IRREVERSIBLE WITH NO CURE

Respiratory Tract

NoseTrachea - humidifiedBronchibronchioles alveoli

White blood cells engulf asbestos fiber

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Asbestosis symptom -clubbed fingers

LUNG CANCER

Malignant Tumor of the Bronchi Covering

LATENCY PERIOD: 20-30 YEARS

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Respiratory Tract

NoseTrachea - humidifiedBronchibronchioles alveoli

MESOTHELIOMA

Cancer of the Mesothelium• LINING OF CHEST/ABDOMEN• At time of Diagnoses - Usually

• No Dose Response Effect– Silver Bullet

• LANTENCY PERIOD:30-40 YEARS

MESOTHELIOMA - Thickening of the Pleural Lining

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Other Diseases

Respiratory Cancerslarynxesophagusstomachcolonkidneypancreas

Pleural Plagues

HEALTH EFFECTS

Synergistic Relationship Between ASBESTOS AND SMOKING20 Cigarettes/Day

• 10X Normal Risk for Lung Cancer

Asbestos Exposure Only• 5X Normal Risk for Lung

Cancer

CIGARETTES + ASBESTOS • 50-90 X Normal Risk for

Lung Cancer

What do I Need to Know

AHERA 101Emergency PlanDesignated Person ResponsiblitiesFire and Water EventsPlanned DemolitionsPlanned RenovationsContractors in My Buildings

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AHERA 101

Assign Designated PersonIdentify locations of ACMInspect/ReinspectTrainingNotificationOperations and MaintenanceResponse actionsRecordkeeping

Emergency Plan

Emergency contact numbersEmergency procedures: Minor and Major

Fiber Release EpisodesContracted services versus O + MMay require Project Design and Air

Clearance

Designated Person

Designated Person trainingAnnual notifications to publicRegister with DHS annuallyBuilt after 1988?Pre-K and Charter SchoolsMaintenance and other out-buildingsDP is Responsible for all asbestos

activities

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What’s New?

Asbestos and Fires in SchoolsKeep people away

Asbestos in Water Events (Floods)Is restoration contractor sampling or just

tearing out?

Asbestos in AHU’sMajor Fiber Release Episodes (SM)

Planning Ahead

Planning For DemolitionsWhat is a Hazardous Material – Is this

defined in your demolition contracts?Pre-demolition SurveysAsbestosLeadPCBsRefrigerantsEtc, Etc, Etc…..

Planning Ahead

Planning For Demolitions (Asbestos)Foundation TarsExterior CaulksRoofing MaterialsLead Paint (C+D waste)Inaccessible ACMDNR notice (10 day) - RACMDHS notice (1 or 2 days)

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Planning Ahead

Planning For Renovations (Asbestos)Do I need to Sample?Magic Date?Can I trust my original survey?Lead paint and RRP rules

Planning Ahead

Outside ContractorsInformWhat if they disturb unknowns or ACM?Entering ContainmentsOther Work activities causing dust that may affect

AHERA air clearancesGood Contractors will look out for your interests!

Public and StaffWhen is the right time to abate?“I think I smell asbestos…”

What’s New?

Recent trends for EPA auditsDNR - Mark DavisDHS

Asbestos Part II

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QUESTIONS????

The only bad question, is the one that was not asked.

Thank You!