Artificial Intelligence“Let’s push the limits of possibilities”

1A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Submitted to: Prof Subhra MathurBy: Rajan KumarCSE-3rd B, Roll no-12

Overview Introduction

Possibilities

What is needed to make AI

Programing for AI

Achievements till now

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Introduction Definition:

‘Ability to learn and apply them to solve problems is

called intelligence.’

Now, the branch of Engineering which is dedicated to

make computers behave like humans is called

Artificial Intelligence.

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Introduction Specifications:

games playing: programming computers to play games

such as chess and checkers.

expert systems : programming computers to make

decisions in real-life situations (for example, some expert

systems help doctors diagnose diseases based on

symptoms).

natural language : programming computers to understand natural human languages

neural networks : Systems that simulate intelligence by attempting to reproduce the types of physical connections that occur in animal brains.

robotics : programming computers to see and hear and react to other sensory.

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Is it possible ?Human Brain CPU of Computer

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Neuron

10 12 neurons in a human brain

many more synapses (10 14)

connecting these neurons

cycle time: 10 -3 seconds (1

millisecond)

108 or more transistors per CPU

supercomputer: hundreds of

CPUs, 1012 bits of RAM

cycle times: order of 10 - 9

seconds

So, the answer is ‘Yes’

What is needed to make?

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Robots

Vision Systems

Natural Language processing

Neural Networks

Learning systems

Robots We need specially designed robots, who are

capable to run the commands.

Their hardware, sensing systems, processor, and

vision system should be designed in such a way that

they can fulfil the need.

The power source should be designed to work in

the moments of disaster.

Its materials should be selected to repair its

damages by itself.

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Vision Systems Vision system should be developed to recognise

patterns, convert the gestures, postures into a

specific signal which can be further processed by

program to understand the reaction.

Metals or other manufacturing materials should be

capable to sense the touch, heat, cold, harm and

pressure or force.

It should hear, sense the matter.

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Natural language processing

Natural language processing refers to making

computers to understand the natural languages.

Till now software are available which can type

whatever we speak. But the matter is not

understood by computer.

Making computers to differentiate between the

meaning of words having similar pronunciations

according to sentence.

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Neural Networks Artificial neural networks are composed of

interconnecting artificial neurons.

Artificial neurons:

programming constructs that mimic the properties of

biological neurons.

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Learning Systems There should selected domain of

acknowledgements, from where computers can

fetch data and can communicate with each other.

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Programing for A.I Logics and Algorithms:

AI works on different logics, they are not like traditional

programing.

Languages:

Artificial intelligence researchers have developed

several specialized programming languages for

artificial intelligence which include IPL, Lisp, Prolog,

STRIPS, Planner, POP-11 etc.

LISP and PROLOG are famous.

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Logics for AI Fuzzy logic

A specialty research area in computer science that allows shades of gray and does not require everything to be simply yes/no, or true/false

Backward chaining A method of reasoning that starts with

conclusions and works backward to the supporting facts

Forward chaining A method of reasoning that starts with the facts

and works forward to the conclusions

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LISP Lisp is a family of computer programming

languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully

parenthesized Polish prefix notation.

The name LISP derives from "List Processing". Linked

lists are one of Lisp languages' major data

structures, and Lisp source code is itself made up of

lists. As a result, Lisp programs can manipulate

source code as a data structure, giving rise to the

macro systems that allow programmers to create

new syntax or even new domain-specific

languages embedded in Lisp.

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PROLOG

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In Prolog, program logic is expressed in terms of relations,

and a computation is initiated by running a query over

these relations.

In syntax and semantics following are considered:

Data types

Rules and facts

Evaluation

Loops

Negation

Achievements till now

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In May, 1997, an IBM super-computer called Deep Blue defeated world chess champion Gary Kasparov in a chess match.

Achievements till now

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Honda designed a robot that can:• Recognize movement, postures, gestures,

the environment around it, sounds, and facial recognition

• Use the net for updates like news or weather

Achievements till now

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Cortana is a fictional artificial intelligence with female programming in the Halo series of video games. Throughout the video games, Cortana assists Master Chief on his missions; she is instrumental in preventing the Halo installations from being fired.

Achievements till now

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Forzamotorasport is a racing simulator game in which it allows the gamer to drive. But the opponents are AI in which allows them to play as hard as you.

Achievements till now

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In 1997, a Robocup was organised.

ConclusionWe have talked about:

What is AI?

Possibilities of AI

How to create AI

Programing languages for AI

Logics for AI

Achievements till now.

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“Artificial intelligence is

nothing but Modelling of

ourselves”

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For more visit:rkkingnotes.worpress.com

Rajan Kumar (CSE, 2nd year JNCT)

[Developer of Jnct.in and thelitratureoflove.com]

Thank you!

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