Post on 10-Apr-2018
8/8/2019 Architecture in Greek
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Anc ient GreekArch i tec tu re
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Ear ly Greek Civ i l i zat ions -
Mycenaeans
Lions Gate
Cyclopean
structure
Gates around
all their cities
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Bas is o f Greek Arc h i t ec t ureThe Temple
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A c loser look a t t he par t s o f a t em p le
Pediment
Frieze
Capital
Column
Shaft
Base
8/8/2019 Architecture in Greek
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The bot t om of t he Tem ple Capital
Connecting piece betweenshaft and “cross beam”
Column/Greek order Of which there are threekinds…doric, ionic andcorinthian
Base Consists of a foundation
and steps on the outside
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The t op o f t he t em ple
Pediment – the middle of
the triangle – usually
decorated
Frieze – can be of a
plain or ornate design –
it is the top horizontal
supporting beam
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Dor ic Colum ns
The plainest of all
columns
It tapers slightly as it
gets higher
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Ion ic Colum ns
The “medium
ornate” columns
Looks like anelaborate “I” or a
ram’s horn
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TEMPLE OF ATHENA NIKE
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Cor int h ian Colum ns The MOST elaborate of all the columns
Tends to look like a firework going off, producing lots of leavesand flowers
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TEMPLE TO OLYMPIAN ZEUS
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ERECTHEUM
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PORCH OF THE MAIDENS
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Im por t ant Ideas o f
Temples
It’s allliiiivvvvveeeeee!
Similarity to human body
It flows
It’s perfect!!!..the model for all of westernarchitecture Measured units – the bottom radius of the
column…uses the golden rectangle All other work was based off that number
Greeks ♥ Being outside – it’s all OPEN
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Golden Mean
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Im por t ant GreekSt ruc t ures you should
be ab le t o ident i fy
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The Par t henon (a t t he
Acropo l is )
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Ac ropol is Plan
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The Acropol is as a w hole – a for t i f i ed
agora on a h i l l t op
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AMPHITHEATERS…
Theater of Dionysus, Athens
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The Theat er a t Epidaurus
perfect acoustics
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Modern DayConnect ions:
Buildings that use the Greek model
for architecture
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The NY Stock Exchange
8/8/2019 Architecture in Greek
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The New York City Hall Building
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The US Supreme Court Building
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QUINCY MARK ET (Bost on,
MA)– Uses t he agora s t y le
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Greek Arc h i t ec t u re
Conclus ion
Architecture thus is part of the Western
heritage of ideas that the Greeks began
and which we still use today
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GREEK SCULPTURE
Archaic Period: 900-500 B.C.
Classical Period: 500-350 B.C.
Hellenistic Period: 350-100 B.C.
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TWO TYPES OF
SCULPTURE…
in the round
in relief
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Archaic Sculpture:
• Stiff
• Blocky
• Arms at sides (males)• Stylized
• Weight evenly balanced
• Left foot forward• Archaic smile
• Male/kouros; female/kore
• Males usually nude,females clothed
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archaic
• Kouros
• 525 B.C.
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KORE
• females usually clothed
• one outstretchedarm to offer something
to the gods
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THE TRANSITION…
Classical.• The Charioteer of
Delphi• 470 B.C.
• bronze
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Transition: severe style.. Poseidon/Zeus
c. 460 B.C.
Found by fishermen
in 1928
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Class ic a l Sc ulp t ure 7 heads tall
Perfect
Natural, not realistic
No emotion on face
Classical profile
Before or after theaction
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• “Diadoumenos”
• 430 B. C.• Attributed to
Polykleitos
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Class ica l
..Hermes with the
infant Dionysus
..attributed to Praxiteles
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Hellenistic
• NIKE OF
SAMOTHRACE
• “WINGED VICTORY”
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Hellenistic
• The Old Market
Woman
• Metropolitan Museum
of Art
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Conclusion:
The Romans conquered the Greeks in the
1st century B.C., and took many examples of
Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorateboth public and private spaces. The Greek
ideals were copied by the Romans, who
spread them all over the Mediterraneanworld.