Post on 21-May-2018
Appendix I / Infusion Pump Charts 395
395
From: Contemporary Cardiology: Cardiac Drug Therapy, Seventh EditionM. Gabriel Khan © Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ
Appendix I: Infusion Pump Charts
Dopamine Infusion Pump Chart(Dopamine 400 mg in 500 mL [800 µg/mL]a
Rate (mL/h [pump] or drops/min [microdrip])b
Dosage for different body weights (kg)
(µg/kg/min) 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
1.0 3 4 5 5 6 7 81.5 5 6 7 8 9 10 112.0 6 8 9 11 12 14 152.5 8 9 11 13 15 17 193.0 9 11 14 16 18 20 233.5 11 13 16 18 21 24 264.0 12 15 18 21 24 27 304.5 14 17 20 24 27 30 345.0 15 19 23 26 30 34 386.0 18 23 27 32 36 41 457.0 21 26 32 37 42 47 538.0 24 30 36 42 48 54 609.0 27 34 41 47 54 61 68
10.0 30 38 45 53 60 68 7512.0 36 45 54 63 72 81 9015.0 45 56 68 79 90 101 11320.0 60 75 90 105 120 135 15025.0 75 94 113 131 150 169 188
aThe above rates apply only for an 800 mg/L concentration of dopamine. If a differentconcentration must be used, appropriate adjustments in rates should be made. Start at 1 µg/kg/min; ideal dose range 5–7.5 µg/kg/min. Maximum suggested 10 µg/kg/min. Dopamineshould be given via a central line.
bUse chart for (1) pump (mL/h) or (2) microdrip (drops/min). Example: 60-kg patientat 2.0 µg/kg/min: (1) set pump at 9 mL/h; (2) run microdrip solution at 9 drops/min.
396 Cardiac Drug Therapy
Nitroprusside Infusion Pump Chart(Nitroprusside 50 mg [1 vial] in 100 mL [500 mg/mL]a
Dosage Rate (mL/h) for different body weights (kg)
(µg/kg/min) 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0.2 1 1 1 2 2 2 20.5 2 3 4 4 5 5 60.8 4 5 6 7 8 9 101.0 5 6 7 8 10 11 121.2 6 7 9 10 12 13 141.5 7 9 11 13 14 16 181.8 9 11 13 15 17 19 222.0 10 12 14 17 19 22 242.2 11 13 16 18 21 24 262.5 12 15 18 21 24 27 302.8 13 17 20 23 27 30 343.0 14 18 22 25 29 32 363.2 15 19 23 27 31 35 383.5 17 21 25 29 34 38 423.8 18 23 27 32 36 41 464.0 19 24 29 34 38 43 484.5 22 27 32 38 43 49 545.0 24 30 36 42 48 54 606.0 29 36 43 50 58 65 72
a The above rates apply only for a 500 mg/L concentration of nitroprusside. If a dif-ferent concentration must be used, appropriate adjustments in rates should be made. Startat 0.2 µg/kg/min. Increase slowly. Average dose 3 µg/kg/min. Usual dose range 0.5–5.0µg/kg/min.
Continuous Infusion Heparina
Rate (mL/h) Units (/h) Units (/24 h) Volume (mL/24 h)
1. 21 840 20,1602. 25 1000 24,000
6003. 28 1120 26,8804. 30 1200 28,8005. 32 1280 30,7206. 34 1360 32,6407. 36 1440 34,5608. 38 1520 36,480 9129. 40 1600 38,400
10. 42 1680 40,32011. 44 1760 42,240
a 20,000 heparin in 500 mL 5% dextrose; 1 mL = 40 units. Start with infusion no. 1for patients < 67 kg for acute MI, and choose no. 2 for patients > 67 kg. Choose theappropriate alternative depending on the PTT value. Nos. 3 to 10 are mainly for pul-monary embolism and massive DVT.
Start with infusion no. 2 and choose the appropriate alternative depending on the once-daily PTT value.
Appendix II / Drug Index 397
397
From: Contemporary Cardiology: Cardiac Drug Therapy, Seventh EditionM. Gabriel Khan © Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ
Appendix II: Drug Index
The Drug Index gives the generic drug name in lowercase; the pharmaceutical trade namesbegin with a capital letter. C, Canada when different from USA; F, France; G, Germany.
USA UK Europe Japan
ACE inhibitorsbenazepril benazepril benazeprilLotensin Briem (F),
CibaceCibacinLotensine
captopril captopril captopril captoprilCapoten Capoten Captolane (F) Captopril
Lopril (F)Loprin (G)Tensobon (G)
cilazapril cilazapril cilazapril cilazaprilInhibace Vascace Dynorm (G)
enalapril enalapril enalapril enalaprilVasotec Innovace Pres (G) Renivace
Renitec (F)Xanef (G)
fosinopril fosinopril fosinopril fosinoprilMonopril Staril Dynacil (G)
Eliten (I)
lisinoporil lisinopril lisinopril lisinoprilPrinivil Carace LongesZestril Zestril Zestril (F)
moexipril moexipril moexipril
398 Cardiac Drug Therapy
USA UK Europe Japan
ACE inhibitors (continued)Univasc Perdixperindopril perindopril perindopril perindoprilCoversyl Coversyl Acertil
CoversumPexum
quinapril quinapril quinapril quinaprilAccupril Accupro Accuprin
AcuitelKorec (F)
ramipril ramipril ramipril rarniprilAltace Tritace Delix
RamaceTriatec (F)spirapril spiraprilRenpressSandopril
trandolapril trandolapril trandolapril trandolaprilMavik Gopten Gopten
Odrikzefenopril zefenopril
Angiotensin II receptor blockerscandesartan candesartan candesartanAtacand Amias
eprosartan eprosartanTeveten
irbesartan irbesartanAvapro Aprovel
losartan losartan losartan losartanCozaar Cozaar Cozaar
olmesartan olmesartan olmesartanBenicar
telmisartan telmisartan telmisartan telmisartanMicardis
valsartan valsartan valsartan valsartanDiovan Diovan Diovan
Appendix II / Drug Index 399
USA UK Europe Japan
Antiarrhythmicsadenosine adenosine adenosine adenosineAdenocard Adenocor
amiodarone amiodarone amiodarone amiodaroneCordarone Cordarone X
disopyramide disopyramide disopyramide disopyramideNorspace Dirythmin SARythmodan Rythmodan
flecainide flecainide flecainide flecainideTambocor Tambocor
mexiletine mexiletine mexiletine mexiletineMexitil Mexitil
procainamide procainamide procainamide procainamidePronestyl Pronestyl
propafenone propafenone propafenone propafenoneRythmol Arythmol Rytmonorm
quinidine quinidine quinidine quinidine
sotalol sotalol sotalol sotalolBetapace Beta-cardone SotacorSotacor Sotacor
Anticoagulantsdalteparin dalteparin dalteparinFragmin
enoxaparin enoxaparin enoxaparin enoxaparinLovenox Clexane
warfarin warfarin warfarin warfarinCoumadin Marevan
Antiplatelet agentsabciximab abciximabReoPro ReoPro
aspirin aspirin aspirin aspirin
clopidogrelPlavix (continued)
400 Cardiac Drug Therapy
USA UK Europe Japan
Antiplatelet agents (continued)dipyridamole dipyridamole dipyridamole dipyridamole
Persantine Persantine PersantinePersantin CardoxinRetard
ebtifibatideIntegrilin
tirofibanAggrastat
Beta-blockersacebutolol acebutolol acebutolol acebutololSectral Sectral PrentMonitan Neptall
Sectral
atenolol atenolol atenolol atenololTenormin Tenormin Tenormine (F)
TenorminBêtatop
betaxolol betaxolol betaxolol betaxololKerlone Kerlone Kerlone
bisoprolol bisoprolol bisoprolol bisoprololZebeta Emcor(Ziac) Monocor
carteolol carteolol carteololCatrol
carvedilol carvedilol carvedilolCoreg Eucardic
celiprolol celiprolol celiprololCelectol Celector
Celectol (F)
esmolol esmolol esmololBrevibloc Brevibloc Brevibloc
labetalol labetalol labetalol labetalolNormodyne Trandate Trandate Trandate
metoprolol metoprolol metoprolol metoprololBetaloc Betaloc
Appendix II / Drug Index 401
USA UK Europe Japan
Beta-blockers (continued)Lopressor Lopressor LopressorToprol XL Metohexal
Séloken
nadolol nadolol nadolol nadololCorgard Corgard Corgard
Solgol (G)
nebivolol nebivolol nebivolol nebivololNebilit Nebilit Nebilit
propranolol propranolol propranolol propranololInderal Inderal Angilol
Inderal-LA Avolacardyl (F)BerkololDociton (G)Efektolol
sotalol sotalol sotalol sotalolSotacor Sotacor Sotacor
Betapace Beta-Cardone Sotalex (G)Sotalex (F)
timolol timolol timolol timololBlocadren Blocadren Timacor (F)
Betim Temserin
Calcium antagonistsamlodipine amlodipine amlodipine amlodipineNorvasc Istin Amlor (F)
Norvasc
diltiazem diltiazem diltiazem diltiazemCardizem CD Adizem XL Dilrene (F)Tiazac Tildiem LA Dilzem
Viazem XL Herbesser
felodipine felodipine felodipine felodipinePlendil Plendil Flodil (F)Renedil
isradipine isradipine isradipine
(continued)
402 Cardiac Drug Therapy
USA UK Europe Japan
Calcium antagonists (continued)DynaCirc Prescal Flodil (F)
lacidipine lacidipine lacidipineMontens
nicardipine nicardipine nicardipineCardene CardeneCardene SR Cardene SR
nifedipine nifedipine nifedipine nifedipine
Adalat CC Adalat LA AdalatAdalat XL (C) Nifensar XLProcardia XL
nisoldipine nisoldipine nisoldipineSular Syscor Baymycard
nitrendipineBaypress
verapamil verapamil verapamil verapamilIsoptin SR Securon SR IsoptinCalan SR Univer IsoptineCovera-HS Cordilox ArpamylChronovera (C)
Digitalisdigitoxin digitoxin digitoxin digitoxindigoxin digoxin digoxin digoxinLanoxin Lanoxin Lanoxin
LanoxineDiureticsbendrofluazide bendrofluazide bendrofluazideNaturetin Aprinox
Neo-Naclex
bumetanide bumetanide bumetanide bumetanideBumex BurinexBurinex
chlorothiazide chlorothiazide chlorothiazideDiuril Saluric Saluric
chlorthalidone chlorthalidone chlorthalidone chlorthalidoneHygroton Hygroton Hygroton
Cyclopentazide CyclopentazideNavidrex Navidrex
Appendix II / Drug Index 403
USA UK Europe Japan
Diuretics (continued)furosemide frusemide frusemide furosemideLasix Lasixhydrochlorothiazide hydrochlorothiazide hydrochlorothiazide hydrochlorothiazide
Esidrix EsidrexHydro Diuril Hydro Saluric
indapamide indapamide indapamide indapamideLozol Natramid NatrillixLozide (C) Natrilix
metolazone metolazone metolazoneZaroxolyn Metenix Diulo
spironolactone spironolactoneAldactone Aldactone
torsemide torasemideDemadex Torem
Combination drugshydrochlorothiazide co-amilozide hydrochlorothiazide
plus amiloride Amil-Co plus amilorideModuretic Moduret 25Moduret (C) Moduretic
hydrochlorothizide hydrochlorothizide hydrochlorothizideplus triamterene plus triamterene plus triamterene
Dyazide Dyazide
Lipid-lowering agentsStatinsatrovastatin atrovastatin atrovastatin atrovastatinLipitor Lipitor
fluvastatin fluvastatin fluvastatin fluvastatinLescol Lescol Lipur (F)
lovastatinMevacor
pravastatin pravastatin pravastatin pravastatinPravachol Lipostat Elisor Vasten
rosuvastatin rosuvastatin rosuvastatin rosuvastatinCrestor Crestor Cresto
(continued)
404 Cardiac Drug Therapy
USA UK Europe Japan
Lipid-lowering agents (continued)Statinssimvastatin simvastatin simvastatin simvastatinZocor Zocor Zocor
LodalesResinscholestyramine cholestyramine cholestyramine cholestyrarnineQuestran Questran Questran
Questran Light Cuemrid
colestipol colestipol colestipolColestid Colestid
Fibratesbezafibrate bezafibrate bezafibrate bezafibrateBezalip BezalipBezalip Mono Bezalip Mono
fenofibrate fenofibrate fenofibrate fenofibrateLipidil Lipantil Micro
gemfibrozil gemfibrozil gemfibrozil gemfibrozilLopid Lopid Lopid
Lipur (E)
Nitratesisosorbide dinitrate isosorbide dinitrate isosorbide dinitrate isosorbide dinitrateIsordil Cedocard Retard
IsocardIsordilSorbid SASorbitrate
isosorbide isosorbide isosorbide isosorbidemononitrate mononitrate mononitrate mononitrate
Imdur Imdur
nitroglycerin nitroglycerine nitroglycerine nitroglycerinnitroglycerin glyceryl trinitrateNitrolingual spray Nitrolingual spray
Coro-nitrospray
Index 405
INDEX
405
A
Abciximab,dosing, 339indications, 339, 340properties, 338trade names, 399
Abciximab, unstable angina management,174
Acebutolol,dosing, 8mortality reduction studies, 4overview, 23pharmacologic properties, 10trade names, 400
ACE inhibitors, see Angiotensin-convertingenzyme inhibitors
Acetazolamide,overview, 94trade names and dosing, 86
ACUITY, findings, 383, 384Acute coronary syndrome, see Unstable
anginaAdenosine,
atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardiamanagement, 254
contraindications, 254dosing, 254drug interactions, 365lactation safety, 358pregnancy and drug safety, 356trade names, 399
-Adrenergic receptors,classification, 4–6tissue distribution, 4–6
AF, see Atrial fibrillationAFFIRM, findings, 389African Americans,
heart failure studies, 245, 246hypertension drug selection, 147–154
A-HeFT, findings, 386Albuterol, cardiac effects, 376Aldactazide, formulation and dosing, 93Aldactide, formulation and dosing, 93Aldosterone antagonists,
hallmark clinical trials, 385, 386heart failure management, 98, 99, 222,
223, 245ALLHAT, findings, 386, 387Alpha1-blockers,
contraindications, 127hypertension management, 126, 127
Amiloride, trade names and dosing, 86Aminophylline, pulmonary edema
management, 237Amiodarone,
action, 277adverse effects, 278–280atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia
management, 258cardiac arrest management, 291, 292dosing, 277drug interactions, 279, 365, 366indications, 278lactation safety, 358overview, 277pharmacokinetics, 277, 278pregnancy and drug safety, 356trade names, 399
Amlodipine,angina management, 163combination therapy, 77heart failure management, 221hypertension management, 124overview, 73trade names, 401unstable angina management, 172
Amphotericin B, fungal endocarditismanagement, 304
406 Index
Aneurysm,beta-blocker management of dissecting
aneurysm, 18, 19hypertension management, 113
Angina pectoris,aspirin therapy, 168, 169beta-blocker therapy,
comparison with calcium channelblockers and oral nitrates, 3, 15, 16
contraindications, 163dosing for cardioprotection, 162, 163first-line treatment, 2, 3, 160–162indications, 16unstable angina, 171
calcium channel blocker management, 76,77, 163, 164, 172
clinical features, 159controversies, 177–179hypertension management, 113nitrates in management, 164–168pathophysiology, 159, 160Prinzmetal’s angina, see Variant anginatreatment algorithm, 162unstable angina, see Unstable angina
Angioedema, angiotensin blockadecomplication, 52, 146, 147
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), seealso specific drugs,
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorcomparison trials, 58, 59, 63
combination therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, 64, 65
contraindications, 50, 51controversies, 63–65dosing, 45heart failure management, 48, 49, 65,
218–221, 244, 245hypertension management,
action, 121adverse effects, 121contraindications, 122overview, 47, 48specific drugs, 122, 123
indications, 47–50mechanism of action, 58mortality reduction, 43pharmacology, 45trade names, 398
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)inhibitors, see also specific drugs,
adverse effects, 51–53, 146, 147
angiotensin-receptor blocker comparisontrials, 58, 59, 63
classes, 43combination therapy with angiotensin
receptor blockers, 64, 65comparison with other vasodilators, 46, 47contraindications, 50, 51controversies, 63–65digoxin combination therapy, 227, 228dosing, 44drug interactions, 53, 364, 365gene polymorphisms, 46heart failure management, 48, 49, 65,
218–221, 244, 245hypertension management,
action, 121adverse effects, 121contraindications, 122overview, 47, 48specific drugs, 122, 123
indications, 47–50lactation safety, 358mechanism of action, 43, 45, 46mortality reduction, 43myocardial infarction management, 195pharmacology, 44, 53pregnancy use for hypertension, 354, 356trade names, 397, 398
Antibiotics,cardiac effects, 375drug interactions, 372infective endocarditis management,
drug selection guidelines, 299, 300enterococcal endocarditis, 302miscellaneous bacteria, 302, 303prophylaxis, 305, 306right-sided endocarditis, 303, 304Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis,
native valve, 301overview, 300, 301prosthetic valve, 301
Streptococcus viridans and S. bovisendocarditis,
native valve, 301prosthetic valve, 301, 302
unstable angina management, 174Anticoagulants, see Heparin; WarfarinAntihistamines,
cardiac effects, 376drug interactions, 372
Antiplatelet agents, see also specific drugs,
Index 407
drug interactions, 368efficacy, 332indications, 331mechanism of action, 331, 332trade names, 399, 400
APCs, see Atrial premature contractionsARBs, see Angiotensin receptor blockersArrhythmias, see also specific arrhythmias
and drugs,beta-blocker management, 16, 17diagnosis,
narrow QRS complex arrhythmias, 251wide QRS complex arrhythmias, 251–253
drugs,classification of antiarrhythmic drugs,
250, 251hallmark clinical trials, 389trade names, 399
hypertension management, 113myocardial infarction association and
management, 197, 198pregnancy and drug safety, 356, 357rational therapy factors, 249
Aspirin,actions, 334, 335angina management, 168, 169, 172atrial fibrillation management, 262, 263dosing, 335drug interactions, 368hallmark clinical trials, 390, 391historical review, 332–334indications, 333, 334lactation safety, 359myocardial infarction management, 185overview, 332unstable angina management, 172
ASTEROID, findings, 387, 388Asystole, see Cardiac arrestAtenolol,
cardiovascular protection studies, 139, 140dosing, 7, 8hypertension management, 116overview, 24pharmacologic properties, 10pregnancy use for hypertension, 351selection guidelines, 31trade names, 400
Atorvastatin,dosing, 314drug interactions, 314dyslipidemia management, 314
hallmark clinical trials, 387trade names, 403
Atrial fibrillation (AF),hallmark clinical trials, 389treatment,
anticoagulation, 262, 263cardioversion, 261, 262chronic atrial fibrillation, 261paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, 261rate control versus rhythm control, 262recent onset, 260, 261
ventricular response, 260Atrial flutter, management, 259Atrial premature contractions (APCs),
management, 258, 259Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia
(AVNRT),chronic management, 257, 258clinical features, 253termination of acute arrhythmia,
drugs, 254—257physical maneuvers, 253
Atropine,arrhythmia management following
myocardial infarction, 197, 198indications, 293overview, 293
AVNRT, see Atrioventricular nodal reentranttachycardia
Azimilide, atrial fibrillation management,261
B
Bartter’s syndrome, angiotensin blockademanagement, 50
Benazepril,dosing, 44, 123overview, 56pharmacology, 44trade names, 397
Bendrofluazide,overview, 119trade names and dosing, 86
Bendroflumethiazide, trade names and dosing,86, 402
Benzthiazide, trade names and dosing, 86Beta-blockers, see also specific drugs,
acute myocardial infarction,controversies, 40, 41management, 17, 18, 187, 194, 195
angina management,
408 Index
comparison with calcium channelblockers and oral nitrates, 3, 15, 16
contraindications, 163dosing for cardioprotection, 162, 163first-line treatment, 2, 3, 160—162indications, 16unstable angina, 171
antiarrhythmic activity, 275controversies,
diabetes, 38–40, 141–146hypertension, 37, 38, 137–139myocardial infarction, 40, 41
dosing, 7, 8drug interactions, 23, 368, 369efficacy in coronary heart disease, 2features of specific drugs, 23–31glucose intolerance induction studies, 38–40,
141–145, 389, 390heart failure,
management, 18, 223–225risks, 146
hypertension,controversies,
elderly, 38first-line management, 37, 38
management,action, 115dosing, 115overview, 17specific drugs, 116, 117
indications, 16–22lactation safety, 359mechanism of action, 6, 7mortality reduction studies, 2, 4pharmacological properties,
blood flow effects, 13blood lipid effects, 2, 13cardioselectivity, 8–11intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, 11lipid solubility, 12liver metabolism, 12, 13membrane-stabilizing activity, 12plasma volume effects, 12potassium effects, 13renin interactions, 12
pregnancy use,arrhythmias, 356, 357heart failure, 355hypertension, 351–353
receptors, see -Adrenergic receptorssalutary effects, 2, 3, 13–15selection guidelines, 31, 32
side effects, 22, 23trade names, 400, 401ventricular tachycardia management, 266warnings and contraindications, 20, 22
Betaxolol, trade names, 400Bezafibrate,
dyslipidemia management, 318trade names, 404
Bicarbonate,adverse effects, 292, 293overview, 292
Bisoprolol,dosing, 8heart failure management, 225hypertension management, 116, 117overview, 24, 25perioperative protection, 25pharmacologic properties, 10selection guidelines, 31, 32trade names, 400
Bivalirudin,hallmark clinical trials, 384, 385overview, 344
BNP, see B-type natriuretic peptideBronchospasm, beta-blocker precautions, 8, 9B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), heart failure
diagnosis, 246Bumetamide,
heart failure management, 221overview, 90trade names and dosing, 86, 402
C
Calcium channel blockers, see also specificdrugs,
adverse effects, 2, 4angina management, 76, 77, 163, 164, 172angina pectoris first-line treatment trials
versus beta-blockers, 3, 15, 16channels,
beta-blocker interactions, 7types, 7, 68
combination therapy, 77, 79controversies,
heart failure, 81, 82hypertension with coronary heart disease,
82, 83drug interactions, 369, 370hemodynamic and electrophysiologic
effects, 68, 69hypertension management, 124–126indications, 75–78
Index 409
lactation safety, 359mechanism of action, 67, 68pregnancy use for hypertension, 354selection guidelines, 75, 77trade names, 401, 402
Calcium chloride, cardiac arrest management,294
Candesartan,dosing, 45, 123hallmark clinical trials, 386overview, 59pharmacology, 45trade names, 398
Capozide, hypertension management, 124CAPRICORN, findings, 385Captopril,
dosing, 44, 54, 123drug interactions, 53heart failure management, 220hypertension management,
dosing, 122overview, 122
overview, 54pharmacology, 44, 54trade names, 397
Cardiac arrest,drug therapy, 290—294life-saving procedures,
breathing, 288cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines,
286circulation, 287, 288defibrillation, 289, 290oxygen therapy, 289precordial thump technique, 288, 289responsiveness checking, 286
pathophysiology, 285, 286Cardiogenic shock, myocardial infarction
association and management, 202–204Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR),
guidelines, 286Cardioversion, atrial fibrillation management,
261, 262Carotid sinus massage, arrhythmia termination,
253Carteolol, trade names, 400Carvedilol,
dosing, 8, 26hallmark clinical trials, 385heart failure management, 224hypertension management, 117indications, 26, 27
overview, 25, 26pharmacologic properties, 10, 26selection guidelines, 31, 32trade names, 400
CETi-1, cholesterol ester transfer proteinvaccine, 328
CETP, see Cholesterol ester transfer proteinCHARISMA, 391CHARM, findings, 386Chloroquine, cardiac effects, 376Chlorothiazide, trade names and dosing, 86, 402Chlorthalidone, trade names and dosing, 86, 402Cholesterol,
absorption inhibitors, 316, 372dyslipidemia, see Dyslipidemia
Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP),CETi-1 vaccine, 328
Cholestyramine,drug interactions, 372dyslipidemia management, 316trade names, 404
Cilazapril,dosing, 44, 123overview, 56pharmacology, 44trade names, 397
Cimetidine, drug interactions, 372, 373Cisapride, drug interactions, 377Cisplatin, cardiac effects, 377Clonidine, hypertension management, 125, 126Clopidogrel,
angina management,stable angina, 169unstable angina management, 172variant angina management, 177
aspirin combination therapy, 177, 178clinical trials, 336, 337drug interactions, 368hallmark clinical trials, 336, 337, 390, 391non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
management, 205, 206overview, 336trade names, 399
Coarctation of the aorta, angiotensin blockademanagement, 50
Colestipol,dyslipidemia management, 316trade names, 404
COMMIT, findings, 390COMMIT/CCS-2, findings, 391COPERNICUS, findings, 385Corticosteroids, cardiac effects, 376
410 Index
Cough, angiotensin blockade complication, 51CPR, see Cardiopulmonary resuscitationCyclopenthiazide, trade names and dosing, 86Cyclophosphamide, cardiac effects, 377Cyclosporin, drug interactions, 373Cyclothiazide, trade names and dosing, 86
D
Dalteparin, trade names, 399Defibrillation, cardiac arrest, 289, 290Depression, hypertension management, 115Diabetes,
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorprotection studies, 64
beta-blockers,glucose intolerance induction studies,
38–40, 141–145, 389, 390management, 20
diuretics and glucose intolerance inductionstudies, 141–146
hypertension management, 113percutaneous coronary intervention, 176
Diamorphine, myocardial infarctionmanagement, 187
Diastolic heart failure, heart failure pre-served ejection fraction management,241–244
Diazoxide, hypertensive emergencymanagement, 132
Diet, see Lifestyle modificationDigoxin,
angiotensin-converting enzyme combinationtherapy, 227, 228
atrial fibrillation management, 261, 262atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia
management, 257CHARM-Preserved study, 244dosing, 228, 229drug interactions, 230, 370heart failure preserved ejection fraction
management, 243, 244herb interactions, 378indications, 225, 226lactation safety, 359, 360mechanism of action, 228monitoring, 229, 230overview, 225pregnancy use for heart failure, 355study analysis, 226, 227toxicity,
management, 231, 232symptoms, 230, 231
trade names, 402Diltiazem,
action, 72, 73adverse effects, 73angina management, 164atrial fibrillation management, 260atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia
management, 257drug interactions, 73hypertension management, 125overview, 72trade names, 401
Dipyridamole,action, 269adverse effects, 269, 270dosing, 269drug interactions, 335, 366indications, 269, 335, 336lactation safety, 360overview, 269, 335pharmacokinetics, 269pregnancy and drug safety, 357trade names, 399, 400
Diuretics, see also specific drugs,dosing, 86drug interactions, 370, 371glucose intolerance induction studies,
141–146heart failure,
management, 221risks, 146
hypertension management, 117–120indications, 85lactation safety, 360loop diuretics,
action, 88adverse effects, 89contraindications, 89dosing, 87, 88drug interactions, 89, 90examples, 90, 91intravenous indications, 88, 89mechanism of action, 87pharmacokinetics, 88selection guidelines, 98, 99
monitoring, 85, 87potassium-sparing diuretics,
advantages, 92, 93combination therapy, 93, 94contraindications, 92disadvantages, 93indications, 91, 92
Index 411
mechanism of action, 91warnings, 92, 94
potassium supplements, 95–98pregnancy use for heart failure, 355, 356thiazide diuretics and pregnancy use for
hypertension, 353trade names, 86, 402, 403
Divistyramine, dyslipidemia management, 316Dobutamine,
cardiogenic shock management, 203, 204heart failure management, 199, 200, 233infusion pump chart, 200
Dofetilide, atrial fibrillation management,260, 61
Dopamine,cardiogenic shock management, 203, 204heart failure management following
myocardial infarction, 199infusion pump chart, 201, 395
Doxazosin, warnings, 133Doxorubicin, cardiac effects, 377Drug interactions, see also specific drugs,
pharmacodynamic interactions, 363Dyazide,
formulation and dosing, 93hypertension management, 119, 120
Dyslipidemia, see also Statins,beta-blockers and blood lipid effects, 2, 13diagnosis, 308diet modification, 309–311drug therapy,
cholesterol absorption inhibitors, 316combination therapy, 315fibrates, 317, 318guidelines, 308, 311, 318, 320nicotinic acid, 316, 317statins, 311–315, 319
hypertension management, 114lipoproteins,
conversion calculations, 308goals, 307, 308
secondary causes, 308, 309Dytide, formulation and dosing, 93
E
Ebtifibatide, trade names, 400Enalapril,
dosing, 44, 55, 123heart failure management, 220hypertension management,
dosing, 123, 124overview, 123
overview, 55pharmacology, 44, 55trade names, 397
Enalaprilat, hypertensive emergencymanagement, 129, 133
Endocarditis, see Infective endocarditisEndothelin-1, beta blocker effects on levels, 6Enoxaparin,
adverse effects, 344hallmark clinical trials, 381—383monitoring, 344myocardial infarction management, 193overview, 343trade names, 399
Enterococcal endocarditis, see Infectiveendocarditis
EPHESUS, findings, 385, 386Epinephrine,
dosing, 291, 292indications, 292overview, 291
Eplerenone,hallmark clinical trials, 385, 386heart failure management, 222, 223hypertension management, 120indications, 99
Eprosartan,dosing in hypertension, 123overview, 60trade names, 398
Eptifibatide,dosing, 340indications, 340non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
management, 205properties, 338unstable angina management, 174
Ergotamine, cardiac effects, 376Erythromycin, cardiac effects, 375Esmolol,
action, 27atrial fibrillation management, 260dosing, 27hypertensive emergency management, 129indications and contraindications, 27overview, 27trade names, 400
Ethacrynic acid,overview, 90trade names and dosing, 86
ExTRACT-TIMI 25, findings, 382, 383Ezetimibe, dyslipidemia management, 316, 320
412 Index
F
Felodipine,hypertension management, 125overview, 74trade names, 401
Fenofibrate,dyslipidemia management, 318, 327, 328trade names, 404
Fenoldopam, hypertensive emergencymanagement,
action, 131indications, 129
Fibrates,dyslipidemia management, 317, 318prospects in cardiovascular disease
management, 327, 328trade names, 404
Flecainide,action, 274adverse effects, 274atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia
management, 258dosing, 273drug interactions, 366overview, 273pharmacokinetics, 274trade names, 399
5-Fluorouracil, cardiac effects, 377Fluvastatin, trade names, 403Folic acid, homocysteine lowering trials,
391, 392Fondaparinux,
hallmark clinical trials, 381, 382myocardial infarction management, 193, 194overview, 345
Foscarnet, cardiac effects, 376Fosinopril,
dosing, 44, 56, 123overview, 56pharmacology, 44trade names, 397
Frumil, formulation and dosing, 93Frusemide, see FurosemideFrusine, formulation and dosing, 93Furosemide,
action, 88adverse effects, 89contraindications, 89dosing, 86–88drug interactions, 89, 90heart failure management, 198, 199, 221
hypertension management, 120intravenous indications, 88, 89overview, 87pharmacokinetics, 88pulmonary edema management, 236trade names, 403
G
Gatifloxacin, unstable angina management,174
Gemfibrozil,adverse effects, 317, 318overview, 317trade names, 404
GEMINI, findings, 389, 390Gentamicin, right-sided endocarditis
management, 303, 304Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockers, see
also specific drugs,mechanism of action, 337, 339types and properties, 338unstable angina management, 173, 174
Gout, hypertension management, 115Grapefruit juice, drug interactions, 378
H
Halofantrine,cardiac effects, 375drug interactions, 372
Heart failure,aldosterone antagonist therapy, 98, 99,
222, 223, 245angiotensin blockade in management, 48,
49, 65, 218–221, 244, 245antihypertensive association studies, 146beta-blocker therapy, 18, 223–225black patients, 245, 246calcium channel blocker management, 81, 82diagnosis, 214–216digoxin therapy,
angiotensin-converting enzymecombination therapy, 227, 228
dosing, 228, 229drug interactions, 230indications, 225, 226mechanism of action, 228monitoring, 229, 230study analysis, 226, 227toxicity,
management, 231, 232symptoms, 230, 231
diuretic therapy, 221
Index 413
dobutamine therapy, 233epidemiology, 211etiology, 211–213guidelines for management, 217, 218hallmark clinical trials, 385, 386heart failure preserved ejection fraction
management, 241–243hypertension management, 114infective endocarditis, 305myocardial infarction association and
management, 198–201, 219, 220natriuretic peptides in diagnosis, 246nesiritide, 246pathophysiology, 216, 217precipitating factors, 213, 214, 217pulmonary edema management, 236, 237statin therapy, 247, 327treatment guidelines by stage, 233–235
Heparin,action, 343adverse effects, 343hallmark clinical trials, 382–384infusion pump chart, 396low-molecular-weight heparin, 343, 344myocardial infarction management, 193, 194thrombolytic therapy adjunct, 191unstable angina management, 172, 173
Hirudin, overview, 344, 345HOPE, findings, 386HOPE-2, findings, 391, 392Hydralazine,
hallmark clinical trials, 386heart failure management, 47, 221hypertensive emergency management,
dosing, 132indications, 129
pregnancy use for hypertension,adverse effects, 353dosing, 353hypertensive emergencies, 353overview, 352, 353
Hydrochlorothiazide,hypertension management,
action, 117adverse effects, 117–119
trade names and dosing, 86, 117, 403Hydroflumethiazide, trade names and dosing,
86Hypertension,
age and ethnicity in drug selection, 147–154alpha1-blocker management, 126, 127
angiotensin blockade therapy,action, 121adverse effects, 121contraindications, 122overview, 47, 48specific drugs, 122, 123
beta-blockers,controversies,
elderly, 38first-line management, 37, 38, 137–139
management,action, 115dosing, 115overview, 17specific drugs, 116, 117
blood pressure classification, 105, 106calcium channel blocker management, 82,
83, 124–126centrally acting drug management, 125, 126clinical trial design, 154detrimental effects, 104diuretic management, 117–120drug selection,
comorbid conditions, 113–115older patients, 109–113younger patients, 107–109
emergency management, 127–129epidemiology, 103hallmark clinical trials, 386, 387isolated systolic hypertension, 105laboratory work-up, 107lifestyle modification in management, 106pharmacotherapy limitations, 103pregnant patient management, 115, 349–355risk stratification, 104, 105secondary hypertension causes, 106, 107urgency management, 129
Hyperthyroidism, hypertension management,115
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, beta-blockermanagement, 19
Hypoglycemia, beta-blocker precautions, 11Hyzaar, hypertension management, 124
I
Ibutilide, atrial fibrillation management, 260IE, see Infective endocarditisIndapamide, trade names and dosing, 86, 403Infective endocarditis (IE),
antibiotic therapy,drug selection guidelines, 299, 300
414 Index
enterococcal endocarditis, 302miscellaneous bacteria, 302, 303prophylaxis, 305, 306right-sided endocarditis, 303, 304Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis,
native valve, 301overview, 300, 301prosthetic valve, 301
Streptococcus viridans and S. bovisendocarditis,
native valve, 301prosthetic valve, 301, 302
anticoagulant therapy, 304blood culture for organism identification,
298, 299classification, 297diagnosis, 297, 298etiology, 297fungal endocarditis management, 304precipitating factors, 298surgery indications, 298, 304, 305
Intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA),beta-blockers, 11
Irbesartan,dosing, 45, 123overview, 59pharmacology, 45trade names, 398
ISA, see Intrinsic sympathomimetic activityIsosorbide dinitrate,
angina management, 166, 167hallmark clinical trials, 386trade names, 404
Israpidine,overview, 73trade names, 401, 402
LLabetalol,
hypertensive emergency management,dosing, 131, 132indications, 129
overview, 27, 28pregnancy use for hypertension, 352trade names, 400
Lactation,cardiac drug safety, 357–360drug excretion factors, 357, 358
Lamifiban,properties, 338unstable angina management, 174
Lidocaine,action, 271
adverse effects, 272arrhythmia management following
myocardial infarction, 197, 198cardiac arrest management, 291, 293dosing, 271, 293drug interactions, 366, 367indications, 271, 272lactation safety, 360overview, 271pharmacokinetics, 271pregnancy and drug safety, 357ventricular tachycardia management, 266
Lifestyle modification,dyslipidemia and diet, 309–311hypertension management, 106
LIPID, findings, 389Lisinopril,
dosing, 44, 56, 123heart failure management, 220, 221overview, 55pharmacology, 44, 56trade names, 397
Lithium, drug interactions, 373Long QT syndromes, beta-blocker management,
18Loop diuretics, see Diuretics; specific drugsLosartan,
dosing, 45, 123overview, 59pharmacology, 45trade names, 398
Lovastatin,dosing, 313dyslipidemia management, 313trade names, 403
M
Magnesium,cardiac arrest management, 291, 294myocardial infarction management, 196, 197pregnancy use for hypertension, 354, 355torsades de pointes management, 267, 268
Marfan’s syndrome, beta-blocker management,19
Maxzide, formulation and dosing, 93Mefloquine, drug interactions, 372Membrane-stabilizing activity (MSA), beta-
blockers, 12Meperidine, myocardial infarction management,
187MERIT-HF, findings, 385Methylclothiazide, trade names and dosing, 86
Index 415
Methyldopa,hypertension management, 126lactation safety, 360pregnancy use for hypertension, 350
Metoclopramide, cardiac effects, 376Metolazone,
heart failure management, 221overview, 94trade names and dosing, 86, 403
Metoprolol,angina management, 162dosing, 8hallmark clinical trials, 385hallmark clinical trials, 391heart failure management, 224, 225hypertension management, 116mortality reduction studies, 4overview, 28pharmacologic properties, 10pregnancy use for hypertension, 351selection guidelines, 31, 32trade names, 400, 401
Mexiletine,action, 272adverse effects, 272, 273dosing, 272drug interactions, 367lactation safety, 360overview, 272pharmacokinetics, 272trade names, 399
MI, see Myocardial infarctionMibefradil, withdrawal from market, 67, 74Mitral regurgitation, beta-blocker management,
19Mitral stenosis, beta-blocker management, 19Mitral valve prolapse,
beta-blocker management, 19hypertension management, 115
Moduretic,formulation and dosing, 93, 120hypertension management, 120
Moexipril, trade names, 397, 398Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, drug
interactions, 374Morphine,
myocardial infarction management, 186, 187pulmonary edema management, 236unstable angina management, 170
MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study, findings,388
MSA, see Membrane-stabilizing activity
Müller maneuver, arrhythmia termination,253
Multifocal atrial tachycardia, management,258
Myocardial infarction (MI),angiotensin blockade in management, 49,
50, 195aspirin therapy, 185beta-blockers and acute myocardial infarction,
controversies, 40, 41management, 17, 18, 187, 194, 195
complications and management,arrhythmias, 197, 198cardiogenic shock, 202–204heart failure, 198–201right ventricular infarction, 201, 202
diagnosis, 183genetics, 183, 184guideline changes, 206, 207heparin therapy, 191, 193, 194infarct size-limiting interventions, 188magnesium therapy, 196, 197monitoring, 187, 188nitrate therapy, 195, 196non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
management, 204–206oxygen therapy, 187pain management, 186, 187percutaneous coronary intervention, 186,
188, 189statin therapy, 196thrombolytic therapy, 186, 189–191
Myocardial ischemia, see Angina pectoris
N
Nadolol,dosing, 7, 8, 28, 29overview, 28pharmacologic properties, 10trade names, 401
Nebivolol, overview, 31Nesiritide, heart failure management studies,
246Neurocardiogenic syncope, beta-blocker
management, 20Neutropenia, angiotensin blockade
complication, 52, 59Niacin, see Nicotinic acidNicardipine,
hypertensive emergency management, 129overview, 74trade names, 402
416 Index
Nicorandil, angina management, 178, 179Nicotinic acid,
adverse effects, 317dosing, 316, 317
Nifedipine,action, 69adverse effects, 69–71drug interactions, 71hypertension management, 124overview, 69pregnancy use for hypertension, 354trade names, 402
Nimodipine,dosing, 74hypertensive emergency management,
129, 133overview, 74
Nisoldipine,overview, 74trade names, 402
Nitrates, see also specific drugs,action, 164angina management,
cutaneous nitroglycerin, 165, 166intravenous nitroglycerin, 167, 168isosorbide dinitrate, 166, 167oral nitroglycerin, 164
angina pectoris first-line treatment trialsversus beta-blockers, 3, 15, 16
calcium channel blocker combinationtherapy, 79
drug interactions, 371myocardial infarction management, 195, 196tolerance, 166trade names, 404types and trade names, 165unstable angina management, 171
Nitroglycerin,action, 164cutaneous nitroglycerin, 165, 166dosing, 164heart failure management, 47hypertensive emergency management, 129intravenous nitroglycerin, 167, 168overview, 164pulmonary edema management, 236trade names, 404
Nitroprusside,heart failure management following
myocardial infarction, 199hypertensive emergency management,
action and metabolism, 130
adverse effects, 130, 131contraindications, 130dosing, 130indications, 129
infusion pump chart, 202, 396Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
(NSAIDs), drug interactions, 373NSAIDs, see Nonsteroidal anti-inflamma-
tory drugs
O
OASIS-5, findings, 381, 382OASIS-6, findings, 382Olmesartan, trade names, 398Organophosphates, cardiac effects, 376Osteoporosis, hypertension management, 115Oxprenolol,
smoking effects, 112trade names, 401
Oxygen therapy,cardiac arrest, 289heart failure management following
myocardial infarction, 199myocardial infarction management, 187
P
Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT), man-agement, 258
PAT, see Paroxysmal atrial tachycardiaPCI, see Percutaneous coronary interventionPCI-CLARITY, findings, 390Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI),
beta-blocker management, 18myocardial infarction management, 186,
188, 189non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
management, 205, 206Perindopril,
dosing, 44, 123overview, 57pharmacology, 44trade names, 398
Peripheral vascular disease,beta-blocker precautions, 9hypertension management, 115
Phenothiazines, drug interactions, 373Phenoxybenzamine, hypertension management,
127Phentolamine, hypertension management,
127Phenylephrine, atrioventricular nodal reentrant
tachycardia management, 257
Index 417
Phenytoin,action, 273adverse effects, 273dosing, 273drug interactions, 367indications, 273overview, 273pharmacokinetics, 273pregnancy and drug safety, 357
Piretanide, trade names and dosing, 86Plasma volume, beta-blocker effects, 12Polythiazide, trade names and dosing, 86Potassium,
angiotensin blockade and hyperkalemiacomplication, 51
beta-blocker effects, 13intravenous potassium chloride guidelines,
96, 97supplementation in diuretic patients,
monitoring, 96, 98potassium chloride, 95, 96salt substitutes, 96
Potassium-sparing diuretics, see Diuretics;specific drugs
Pravastatin,dosing, 313dyslipidemia management, 313, 314hallmark clinical trials, 389trade names, 403
Prazosin, heart failure management, 47Precordial thump, technique, 288, 289Pregnancy,
arrhythmia management, 356, 357cardiovascular drug guidelines, 349heart failure management, 355, 356hypertension management, 115, 349–355
Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs),management, 264
Prinzmetal’s angina, see Variant anginaProcainamide,
action, 270adverse effects, 270cardiac arrest management, 291dosing, 270drug interactions, 367indications, 270overview, 270pharmacokinetics, 270trade names, 399
Propafenone,action, 274adverse effects, 275
contraindications, 275dosing, 274drug interactions, 367overview, 274pharmacokinetics, 274, 275trade names, 399
Propranolol,angina management, 162atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia
management, 257cardiac arrest management, 294dosing, 7, 8indications, 29mortality reduction studies, 4overview, 29pharmacologic properties, 10smoking effects, 112trade names, 401
PROSPER, findings, 389Proteinuria, angiotensin blockade complication,
52PROV IT-TIMI 22, findings, 387Pulmonary edema, management, 236, 237Pulmonary hypertension, angiotensin blockade
management, 50PVCs, see Premature ventricular contrac-
tionsQQuinapril,
dosing, 44, 123overview, 57pharmacology, 44trade names, 398
Quinethazone, trade names and dosing, 86Quinidine,
action, 268adverse effects, 268dosing, 268drug interactions, 367, 368overview, 268pharmacokinetics, 268pregnancy and drug safety, 357trade names, 399
Quinine, drug interactions, 372
R
RALES, findings, 385Ramipril,
dosing, 44, 123hallmark clinical trials, 386overview, 57pharmacology, 44
418 Index
trade names, 398Ranazoline, angina management, 178Rash, angiotensin blockade complication,
52Renal insufficiency, hypertension management,
114Renin, beta-blocker interactions, 11, 12Renoprotection, angiotensin blockade, 50,
63, 64Reteplase, overview, 192, 193Rosuvastatin,
dosing, 314dyslipidemia management, 314, 315trade names, 403
S
Saint John’s Wort, drug interactions, 378Scleroderma renal crisis, angiotensin blockade
management, 50Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
(SSRIs),cardiac effects, 376drug interactions, 373, 374
Sildenafil, drug interactions, 377, 378Simvastatin,
dosing, 313dyslipidemia management, 313trade names, 404
Smoking, beta-blocker effects, 112Sodium bicarbonate, see BicarbonateSodium nitroprusside, see NitroprussideSotalol,
action, 276adverse effects, 276, 277dosing, 7, 8, 276indications, 276indications and contraindications, 30overview, 30overview, 276pharmacologic properties, 10trade names, 399, 401
Spiramycin, cardiac effects, 375Spirapril, overview, 57Spironolactone,
advantages, 92, 93disadvantages, 92, 93hallmark clinical trials, 385heart failure management, 222, 223indications, 91, 92overview, 92trade names and dosing, 86, 403
SSRIs, see Selective serotonin reuptakeinhibitors
Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis, seeInfective endocarditis
Statins, see also specific drugs,adverse effects, 312, 313clinical trial outcomes, 319combination therapies, 315contraindications, 312controversies,
drug interactions, 326, 327high-intensity therapy and
atheroma regression, 323,324, 387, 388
low-density cholesterol targets,324
malignant arrhythmia management,327
rhabdomyolysis, 324–325differences between drugs, 312drug interactions, 325–327, 371hallmark clinical trials, 387–389heart failure management, 247, 327myocardial infarction management, 196overview, 311, 312pharmacokinetics, 325pleiotropic effects, 311trade names, 403, 404unstable angina management, 173
Streptococcus bovis endocarditis, seeInfective endocarditis
Streptococcus viridans endocarditis, seeInfective endocarditis
Streptokinase,action, 191adverse effects, 192drug interactions, 192overview, 191
Stroke, hypertension management, 114Subarachnoid hemorrhage,
beta-blocker management, 20hypertension management, 115
Sudden cardiac death, see Cardiac arrestSumatriptan, cardiac effects, 376Supraventricular arrhythmia, see Atrial
flutter; Atrial fibrillation; Atrial pre-mature contractions; Atrioventricularnodal reentrant tachycardia; Multifo-cal atrial tachycardia; Paroxysmalatrial tachycardia; Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Index 419
T
TACTICS-TMI 18, findings, 384Taste loss, angiotensin blockade complication,
52TDP, see Torsades de pointesTelmisartan,
overview, 59trade names, 398
Tenecteplase, overview, 192Terazosin, hypertension management, 126,
127Terbutaline, cardiac effects, 376Tetralogy of Fallot, beta-blocker management,
19Theophylline, drug interactions, 374Thrombolytic therapy, see also specific
agents,contraindications, 191myocardial infarction management, 186,
189–191Thyroxine, drug interactions, 375Timolol,
angina management, 162dosing, 8mortality reduction studies, 4overview, 30, 31pharmacologic properties, 10trade names, 401
Tirofiban,dosing, 340hallmark clinical trials, 384indications, 340, 341non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
management, 205properties, 338trade names, 400unstable angina management, 173, 174
Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA),action, 192drug interactions, 372overview, 192
Tobramycin, right-sided endocarditismanagement, 303, 304
ToprolXL, advantages, 28Torsades de pointes (TDP), management,
267, 268Torsemide,
advantages, 98heart failure management, 221overview, 90, 91trade names and dosing, 86, 403
t-PA, see Tissue plasminogen activatorTrandolapril,
dosing, 44, 123overview, 57, 58pharmacology, 44trade names, 398
Triamterene, trade names and dosing, 86Trichlormethiazide, trade names and dosing,
86Tricyclic antidepressants,
cardiac effects, 376drug interactions, 373
U
Unstable angina,acute coronary syndrome terminology,
169hallmark clinical trials in acute coronary
syndromes, 381—385laboratory work-up, 169, 170management,
antibiotics, 174, 175aspirin, 172beta-blockers, 171calcium channel blockers, 172clopidogrel, 172glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockers,
173, 174heparin, 172, 173intravenous nitroglycerin, 167, 168pain, 170, 171statins, 173
athophysiology, 169risk stratification, 170
Urapidil, hypertensive emergency management,129, 132
V
Valsartan,dosing, 45, 123overview, 59pharmacology, 45trade names, 398
Variant angina,diagnosis, 175treatment,
percutaneous coronary intervention,176
pharmacotherapy, 175Vasalva maneuver, arrhythmia termination,
253
420 Index
Vaseretic, hypertension management, 124Vasopressin, cardiac arrest management, 292Ventricular fibrillation,
cardiac arrest, 285survivor management, 266
Ventricular tachycardia (VT),cardiac arrest, 285diagnosis, 264management,
algorithm, 265drugs, 266
recurrent sustained tachycardia, 266, 267Verapamil,
action, 71adverse effects, 71, 72angina management, 164atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia
management, 254, 257, 258combination therapy, 77contraindications, 254, 257drug interactions, 72
hypertension management, 125overview, 71trade names, 402
Vincristine, cardiac effects, 377VT, see Ventricular tachycardia
W
Warfarin,atrial fibrillation management, 262, 263dosing, 341drug interactions, 342endocarditis management, 304lactation safety, 359overview, 341trade names, 399vitamin K antagonism and food content,
341, 343Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, arrhythmia
management, 263, 264
Z
Zofenopril, overview, 58