ANGINA PECTORIS

INTRODUCTION

• It is commonly known as angina is the sensation of chest pain, pressure, or squeezing, often due to not enough blood flow to the heart muscle as a result of obstruction or spasm of the coronary arteries.

• The term derives from the Latin angere ("to strangle") and pectus ("chest"), and can therefore be translated as "a strangling feeling in the chest".• angina pectoris can occur due

to anemia, abnormal heart rhythms and heart failure, its main cause is coronary artery disease, an atherosclerotic process affecting the arteries feeding the heart 

CLASSIFICATION

• Stable angina(effort angina)• Unstable angina(crescendo angina)• it occurs at rest (or with minimal exertion),

usually lasting more than 10 minutes• it is severe and of new onset (i.e., within the prior

4–6 weeks)• it occurs with a crescendo pattern (i.e., distinctly

more severe, prolonged, or frequent than before)• Cardiac syndrome X(microvascular angina)

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• Chest discomfort• Pain in epigastrum• Nausea• Vomiting• Pallor(pale color of skin)

RISK FACTORS

• Age • Smoking• Diabetes mellitus• Dyslipidemia• hypertension• Medications

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

DIAGNOSIS

• CBC• CARDIAC BIOMARKERS• ECG• CORONARY ANGIOGRAM

TREATMENT

• Nitroglycerin• Beta blockers• Calcium channel blockers• Using Stents to maintain the arterial widening•  Coronary bypass surgery involves bypassing

constricted arteries with venous grafts. This is much more invasive than angioplasty.

ICD-10-CM GUIDELINES

• Unstable angina-i20.0• Angina pectoris with documented spasm-i20.1• Other forms of angina pectoris-i20.8• Angina pectoris,unspecified-i20.9• https://www.medesunglobal.com

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