Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy and Physiology 2211K2211K

Lecture FiveLecture Five

Slide 2 – Urinary system

Slide 3 – Urinary system’s function – filtering the blood

Slide 3 – Urinary system’s function – regulation of blood volume

Slide 3 – Urinary system’s function – regulation of ions

Slide 6 – Urinary system’s function – pH regulation

Slide 7 – Urinary system’s regulation - hormonal

Slide 8 – Urinary system’s regulation – Vitamin D

Slide 9 - Kidneys

Slide 10 - Nephron

Slide 11 – Histology of the nephron (glomerulus)

Slide 12 – Histology of the nephron (Bowman’s capsule)

Slide 13 – Histology of the nephron (Proximal convoluted tubule)

Slide 14 – Histology of the nephron (distal convoluted tubule)

Slide 15 – Histology of the nephron – juxtaglomerular apparatus

Slide 16 – Blood flow of the nephron and the kidneys

Slide 17 – Ureter and the urinary bladder

Slide 11 – urine formation

Slide 19 – Urea cycle

Slide 20 – Uric acid production

Slide 21 – Renal filtration

Slide 22 – Renal fraction

Renal plasma flow rateRenal plasma flow rate - the actual flow of plasma reaching - the actual flow of plasma reaching the kidneys is equal to the renal blood flow rate multiplied by the the kidneys is equal to the renal blood flow rate multiplied by the portion of the blood that is made up of plasma – which is portion of the blood that is made up of plasma – which is approximately 55%approximately 55%

1176mL/min x 0.55 = 646 mL plasma /min1176mL/min x 0.55 = 646 mL plasma /min

Filtration fractionFiltration fraction – the actual part of the plasma that is being – the actual part of the plasma that is being filtered through the glomerulus and the renal capsule. Filtration filtered through the glomerulus and the renal capsule. Filtration fraction averages 19% of the plasma flowing through the fraction averages 19% of the plasma flowing through the kidneyskidneys

646 mL plasma/min x 0.19 = 123.5 mL plasma per minute646 mL plasma/min x 0.19 = 123.5 mL plasma per minute

Slide 23 – Urine formation - glomerulus

Slide 23 – Filtration pressure

Slide 23 – reabsorption – proximal convoluted tubule

Slide 25 – Reabsorption – loop of Henle

Slide 26 – Ascending loop of Henle

Slide 26 – reabsorption – distal convoluted tubule

Slide 28 – Urine concentration