An Overview of Schwarzschild’s An Overview of Schwarzschild’s Approach to Black HolesApproach to Black Holes

By Trey Paul and Chuck BryantBy Trey Paul and Chuck Bryant

Black HolesBlack Holes

• Definition: Definition:

A celestial object created in the collapse of A celestial object created in the collapse of a very massive star that has a gravitational a very massive star that has a gravitational field so strong that light cannot escape itfield so strong that light cannot escape it

Normal Curvature of Spacetime Normal Curvature of Spacetime Due to MassDue to Mass

Karl SchwarzschildKarl Schwarzschild

Born to a Jewish family Born to a Jewish family in Frankfurt, Germanyin Frankfurt, Germany

By age 16 had By age 16 had published a paper on published a paper on the orbits of starsthe orbits of stars

He received his He received his doctorate at the doctorate at the University of MunichUniversity of Munich

Known for his radiusKnown for his radius

MetricsMetrics

RGMve /2

∆∆s ² = (1− 2GM/c²R)c²∆t² − [1/(1-2GM/c²R)]∆R² − s ² = (1− 2GM/c²R)c²∆t² − [1/(1-2GM/c²R)]∆R² − R²(∆θ² + sin²θ∆φ²) R²(∆θ² + sin²θ∆φ²)

2GM / c² ≡ Rs2GM / c² ≡ Rs

Works CitedWorks Cited

"Embedding Diagram." Philosophy and History of Science, Kyoto University. 30 Nov 2007 <http://www.bun.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~suchii/embed.diag.html>.

Hawley, John F., and Katherine A. Holcomb. Foundations of Modern Cosmology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

O'Connor, J.J.. "Karl Schwarzschild." Schwarzschild Biography. 30 Nov 2007 <http://history.mcs.standrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Schwarzschild.html>.

Works CitedWorks Cited

"Relativity." Lecture 15. 30 Nov 2007 <http://cse.ssl.berkeley.edu/bmendez/ay10/2002/notes/lec15.html>.

Thorne, Kip S.. Black Holes & Time Warps: Einstein's Outrageous Legacy. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1994.