Post on 04-Jan-2016
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Final instruction
Aggregated conclusions and tipsChristos Spitas, Petra Badke-Schaub
Vasilios Spitas
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Learning objectives• Educate students in
different complimentary advanced methods and tools for embodiment design developed in the four partner universities
• Provide a comprehensive practice experience to students, useful in itself to build up original design knowledge and to support and substantiate the learning process and competence acquisition
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Learning objectives• Educate students in
reflecting on their design process and competences, gaining essential skills for sustained growth and life-long learning (modern ICT-assisted design protocol analysis)
• Produce students with well-integrated competence in Embodiment Design in the context of Product Engineering
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Analysis of design protocols: Process
Challenge• Embodiment Design:
complex, costly and mission-critical phase in product design and engineering
• Often involving large development teams
How far it was met• Process: effective? tackled
complexity?
• Process: teamwork, team roles systematised? Belbin
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Examples
Space antenna• Material suitability for deep
space/ temperature extremes?
• Minimum weight violated!• Vibration modes! (bending,
torsion)• Ambiguity in engineering
drawings• Validation?
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Examples
Spinnaker• Load case!• But which material?• Weight/ density, flotation
not considered!• Engineering of hoisting
points!• Ambiguity in engineering
drawings• Validation?
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
conten
t
proces
s
analy
sis
heures
is/ id
eation
evalu
ation
choice
none/ uncle
ar
more sp
ecific
static/
unknown
more ab
stract
oral ex
chan
ge
writing/
drawing
calcu
lating
search
ing for in
fo
silent/
unknown
passive
/ apath
ic
stress
ed/ a
nxious
relax
ed flow
good/ p
lausib
le
unclear
poor/ mist
ake
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
121-221-251 average
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
conten
t
proces
s
analy
sis
heures
is/ id
eation
evalu
ation
choice
none/ uncle
ar
more sp
ecific
static/
unknown
more ab
stract
oral ex
chan
ge
writing/
drawing
calcu
lating
search
ing for in
fo
silent/
unknown
passive
/ apath
ic
stress
ed/ a
nxious
relax
ed flow
good/ p
lausib
le
unclear
poor/ mist
ake
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
121-221-251
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Implem
entor
Co-ordinato
r
Shap
erPlan
t
Resource
Inve
stiga
tor
Monitor E
valuato
r
Team
worke
r
Completer
Finish
er
Speci
alist
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Average Belbin role score (self-evaluation)
conten
t
proces
s
analy
sis
heures
is/ id
eation
evalu
ation
choice
none/ uncle
ar
more sp
ecific
static/
unknown
more ab
stract
oral ex
chan
ge
writing/
drawing
calcu
lating
search
ing for in
fo
silent/
unknown
passive
/ apath
ic
stress
ed/ a
nxious
relax
ed flow
good/ p
lausib
le
unclear
poor/ mist
ake
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
121-221-251 average
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Tips (for junior engineers)• Employ analysis as
‘systematic decomposition’, not as ‘thinking about a problem’
• Perform heuresis as ‘systematic synthesis’ etc formal mappings, not as ‘inspired ideation’
• Perform evaluation as an objective mathematics-based operation, not as an intuitive or ‘democratic’ process
• Make all choices explicit; anticipate them and plan beforehand supporting evaluations
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Tips (for junior engineers)• Plan and cluster your
work in targeted/ focused short-cycle (time-bound) work packages, each comprising meaningful sequences of analysis, heuresis, evaluation and choice
• Do not engage in unplanned ‘spaghetti’ sessions. Check your time vs. your plan. Develop error handling procedures.
• Manage your knowledge (searching) and computational resources
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Tips (for junior engineers)• Be clear in your interim
and final outputs (TDP, validations). Pay attention to detail and follow communication standards. These will be used by others down the project value chain and must be adequate and complete.
• A design that cannot defend itself does not pass the next stage gate.
• Be positive. Be patient. Stay focused. Engineering design can involve a lot of tedium and does not have to be fun to be done.
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Analysis of design protocols: Content
Challenge• Systematic ability to analyse
requirements and synthesise appropriate solutions is essential for innovation and success in a highly competitive global environment
• 'Turning function into embodiment'
How far it was met• Quality/ focus of interim
results, solutions
• How far, how specific?
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Examples
Electromotor flange
• Over-constrained, functional tolerances not considered!
• Too many parts! Simplicity?• Ambiguity in engineering
drawings• Validation?
• Reduce complexity –– But not too complex– Simplification
• Problem was not ill-defined
• Not understanding how the thing works
• Missing – reduced goal
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Didactic programme Reflection
Context (cultural, presentation)
KnowledgeEmbodiment design
AMPMethods
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
CRITICAL SITUATIONS
TASK TEAM PROCESS
Problem analysis and definition
Coordination Management of disturbances
Idea generation Climate Planning (manage-ment of resources)
Solution analysis and decision
Conflicts
Individual: Cognitive – motivational – emotional processes
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Embodiment design systematise product engineering
Object – system – goal analysis
Design with uncertainty
C & C2 approach
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
CRITICAL SITUATIONS
TASK
Problem analysis and definition
Coordination Managment of disturbances
Idea generation Climate Planing (management of ressources)
Solution analysis and decision
Conflicts
Individual: Cognitive – motivational – emotional processes
TRIZ
Design with uncertainty/C & C2
Idea mappingd
OCG
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Embodiment design is….
interaction
methodology
reflection
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
CRITICAL SITUATIONS: Reflection
TASK TEAM PROCESS
Problem analysis and definition
Coordination Managment of disturbances
Idea generation Climate Planning (manage-ment of resources)
Solution analysis and decision
Conflicts
Individual: Cognitive – motivational – emotional processes
BELBIN
Eye-tracking
Smart pen
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, NetherlandsTASK:
COGNITIVE PROCESSES
Dealing with uncertaintyReduction of complexity
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
TASKCognitive processes: – need to reduce complexity, – need to economise: to save time and effort
Routine patterns– Humans tend to follow established practices– their range of thinking and acting is limited- also in new
situations • reduced goal elaboration• reduced analysis
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, NetherlandsConsequences in situations of uncertainty
1. thinking and acting is centred at the self - not at the problem
2. prevention of self-reflection
3. avoidance of further exploration
4. groupthink
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
1. Setting goals 2. Developing strategies3. Coordination: scheduling procedural tasks
and responsibilities in order to accomplish the goals
Process: Planning is a higher cognitive task
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, NetherlandsWHY?
Motivational system: self-protection
1. Need for affiliation = to feel integrated in a group
2. Need for control = to feel assured to know what is going to happen
3. Need for competence = perceived competence to satisfy the basic needs
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
The vicious circle of failures
no adaptation – no change
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Cognitive-motivational model explaining deficiencies in planning & decision making
feeling of competence
-
need for control
emotional strain
-physiological activation
-
choice of well-known rules and
schemata
avoidance of further mental
load
+
quick decisions no decisions
+
uncertainty
+
+
-
aggression regression resignation
low exploration: search of new information
+
-
DOiNG RIGHT? DOiNG WRONG
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
shaper
teamworker
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
implementor
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Design with Uncertainty
Flow??
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
All roads leading to ….
DELFT
DELFT
DELFT
AMP-EMBODYERASMUS Intensive ProgrammeDelft 8-24 July 2013, Netherlands
Your way to ….
DELFT
DELFT
DELFT
THANK YOU