Agenda – 2-13-14

• BW Define

• CW – Notes on post-imperial China

• CW 2 – You have how many names? (Key People)

• HW – Timeline

• QOTD – You ain’t got no legs Lt. Dan

-Forest Gump

EQ – What was post-imperial China like?

(How did China become communist?)

Nationalists overthrow Qing Dynasty

• A New Power• Kuomintang—Nationalist Party of China

—calls for modernization

• Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen) —first great leader of Nationalist Party

• In 1912, the Nationalist Party (or the Kuomintang) overthrew the Qing Dynasty and took control of China.

Sun Yat-sen, founder of the Kuomintang

Flag of the Kuomintang

• The Nationalists were led by Sun Yat-sen, and later Chiang Kai-shek.

Sun Yat-sen (or Sun Yixian) Chiang Kai-shek (or Jiang Jieshi)

Shaky Start for the New Republic

• In 1912, Sun takes control as president

• Backs three principles: nationalism, democracy, economic security

• No national agreement on rule; civil war breaks out in 1916

• Many peasants opposed Nationalists, believing that they were corrupt.

More problems….WWI

• China enters war against Germany hoping to gain land held by Germans

• Treaty of Versailles gives German colonies in China to Japan

• May 4, 1919, angry students protest this agreement - May Fourth Movement—spreads across China

• Many young nationalists turn against Sun Yixian

Rise of a New Leader

• Mao Zedong—helps form Chinese Communist Party in 1921

• In 1923, Lenin helps Nationalists, who agree to work with Communists

Peasants Align with the Communists

• Jiang Jieshi—Nationalist leader after Sun dies—opposes communism

• Peasants see no gain for them in Jiang’s plans

• Supported the opposing Communist Party, led by Mao Zedong.

Mao Zedong

Flag of the Chinese Communist Party

Chinese Civil War

• In 1927, Nationalists kill Communists, unionists in Shanghai

• In 1928, Jiang becomes president; Communists resist his rule

• This led to the Chinese Civil War (1927 – 1949), between the Nationalists and the Communists.

War Rages in China

• By 1930, civil war rages; Mao recruits a peasant, guerrilla army

• In 1933, Jiang’s huge army surrounds outnumbered Communists

• Long March—Communists’ 6,000-mile journey to safety in north

• Of 100,000 Communists, 7,000 or 8,000 survive the march

Wait… We should fight Japan.. For now

• Civil War Suspended• Seeing chaos in China, Japan launches

all-out invasion in 1937

• Nationalists and Communists join together to fight Japan

Sun 

Jiang Mao Peasants

                     

     

• By 1949, the Communists won the Chinese Civil War and formed the People’s Republic of China.

1st Communist Party ChairmanMao Zedong

• A major reason the Communists were successful was because they had the support of the peasants after promising them land.

• Meanwhile, the Nationalists fled to the island of Taiwan and created the Republic of China.

1st President, ChiangKai-shek