Post on 14-Jan-2016
description
Age of AbsolutismSpain
16.1
Objectives
1. Describe the Empire Charles V inherited2. Analyze how Spanish power increased under
Philip II
Ferdinand and Isabella to Charles Vp. 504
• Spain under Ferdinand and Isabella-Unified under one ruler -United under the Catholic religion -Gained territory in the Americas• 1516 Charles I takes throne of Spain-Included Hapsburg Empire (HRE + Netherlands)-Charles V
Charles V p.505
• Constant war vs. Protestants and Turks-ended with German princes choosing religion- Ottomans - Mediterranean/outside Austria• Charles V –left throne for Monastic life (1556)• Spain, Neth., S. Italy, Americas to Philip (son)• C. Europe – Ferdinand (brother)
Philip II 1556-1598p. 505
• Strengthened Church power; expanded Spain’s influence
• Inherited from Charles V Spain• colonies=RICH• RICH=what?-Large standing army
Centralizing Power
• Focused majority of energy on work• Ruled as absolute monarch -complete authority over govt. and lives of people• Divine Right – authority from God • Guardian of Roman Catholic Church - wanted
to turn back Protestants
Military and Spending
• Lepanto (1571) for the Pope against the Ottomans
• Spanish Armada against Protestants 1588• Escorial• All start to drain resources/decrease power of
Spain
Escorial $$
Dealings with the Dutchp. 507
• Problems with the Spanish-Religion, economy• Revolt of 1566 • Went against high taxes and autocratic Spanish rule-Massacre of Protestants• William of Orange (Prince of Orange) • 1574 floods (Second Siege of Leiden)• 1581 declared indep. w/ the English help • 1648 – official recognition as the Dutch Netherlands
Dutch
More Dutch
• Republic instead of monarchy• Built trade empire• Dutch Art=Best of Europe-Rembrandt and Vermeer
Battles with England
• Elizabeth I reinstituted Protestantism from Mary
• Moderate in dealings w/ religion and politics.• Phillip II v. Elizabeth-Armada unsuccessful
Decline of Spainp. 507-508
• Decrease early 1600• Less able rulers following Philip II• Expensive Wars• Money problems – utilized treasure from
Americas, neglect commerce • Decline of Middle Class with expulsion of
Muslims and Jews• Increase of Dutch, English, and French power