Adverb Clauses of TimeWeek 5, Mon. 9.21.15

Todd Windisch, Spring 2015

Announcements

• Remember to get your peer edit back of your narrative paragraph

• We will have 20 minutes in the lab on Wednesday to finalize your paragraphs

• Computer lab on Wednesday:• Building 26B, Room 1555

Today’s Agenda

• Questions about Subject-Verb Agreement (SVA)?

• Begin adverb clauses of time

• Quiz

• Continue adverb clauses of time

Grammar Terms

• What is a clause?• A clause in English contains a

subject and a verb!

• There are two types of clauses in English: independent & dependent

• IND: She went to the mall.

• DEP: After she went to the mall, she ate lunch.

• What is a phrase?• A phrase in English does not

contain a subject and a verb

• There are many types of phrases in English: prepositional, adverbial, verb, etc.

• She went to the mall after the movies.

• Both of her friends like shopping.

Prepositions vs. Subordinators of Time

• What is a preposition?• A (short) word or phrase in English that shows a relationship (time, space,

etc.) between two words. They are usually followed by a noun or noun phrase!

Prepositions vs. Subordinators of Time

• What is a subordinating conjunction?• A word or phrase in English that is always at the beginning of a dependent clause and

connects an independent clause with the dependent clause.

• NOTE: Some words are both prepositions (after, until, etc.) are both prepositions and subordinating conjunctions!

DCS, p. 39

• On p. 39 we see a list of prepositions of time and subordinating conjunctions of time with some examples

• Exercise 10 on p. 40• What goes in each blank space? A preposition or a subordinating

conjunction?

• How do we know?

Transitions of Time

• What is a transition?• A word that shows a relationship between

two independent clauses (complete sentences)

in English. It might be considered separate

from the sentences themselves.

Punctuation of Connecting Words

• Subordinating Conjunctions

• A subordinating conjunction creates a dependent clause!

• Dependent clause, independent clause.

• As soon as I got to my friend’s house, I texted her that I was in her driveway.

• Independent clause dependent clause.

• I texted my friend that I was in her driveway as soon as I got to her house.

Punctuation of Connecting Words

• Prepositions

• Prepositional phrase, independent/dependent clause.• After school, I ate way too many hot pockets.

• Independent/dependent clause prepositional phrase.• I ate way too many hot pockets after school.• I ate way too many hot pockets because I was hungry after school.

• Independent clause prepositional phrase dependent clause.• I ate way too many hot pockets after school because I was hungry.

Punctuation of Connecting Words

• Transitions

• Sentence. Transition, sentence.• I did my homework. Later, I went out for my birthday at 8:00.

• Sentence; transition, sentence.• I did my homework; later, I went out for my birthday at 8:00.

• Sentence. Sentence.^ , transition,

• I did my homework. I, later, went out for my birthday at 8:00.

Adverb Clauses

• Adverb clauses can have many meanings: time, cause/effect, contrast, conditions, etc.

• We are going to focus on adverb clauses that show time relationships

• First, let’s make sure we can identify adverb clauses (EG, p. 366, ex. 3)

P. 366, ex. 3

1. when Abder was in New York he stayed with his cousins

2. we went inside when it began to rain

3. it began to rain we went inside

4. when it began to rain we went inside

5. when the mail comes my assistant opens it

6. my assistant opens the mail when it comes

7. the mail comes around 10:00 every morning my assistant opens it

Answers, p. 366, ex. 3

1. When Abder was in New York, he stayed with his cousins.

2. We went inside when it began to rain.

3. It began to rain. We went inside.

4. When it began to rain, we went inside.

5. When the mail comes, my assistant opens it.

6. My assistant opens the mail when it comes.

7. The mail comes around 10:00 every morning. My assistant opens it.

EG, p. 368, Chart 17-2

• What do all of the subordinating conjunctions mean?

• Can you think of other examples?

EG, pp. 369, ex. 7

1. As soon as the other passengers get on the bus, we’ll leave.

2. I left the room after I turned off the lights.

3. Before I left the room, I turned off the lights.

4. Whenever Suki feels nervous, she bites her nails.

5. The frying pan caught on fire while I was making dinner.

6. Just as we were sitting down to eat, someone knocked on the door.

7. The audience burst into applause as soon as the singer finished her song.

8. We have to wait here until Nancy comes.

EG, pp. 369, ex. 7

9. As soon as Julia comes, we can leave for the theater.

10. Just as soon as my roommate walked into the room, I knew…

11. Just before I stood up to give my speech, I got butterflies…

12. The first time I saw the great pyramids of Egypt in the moonlight, I was speechless.

13. Since Lori started working at this company 6 months ago, she…

14. Once the weather gets warmer, we can start…

15. By the time Shakespeare died in 1616, he had written…

16. The next time Sam goes to get his driver’s license, he’ll remember…

Complete the Sentences

• Complete these sentences with your own information

• Be prepared to share your sentences with a partner1. After I leave class today, …

2. Before I go to bed tonight, …

3. As soon as I get up tomorrow, …

4. Whenever I feel nervous, …

5. The first time I came to this class, …

6. Ever since I was a child, …

7. As long as I live, …

8. Just as I was falling asleep last night, …

Writing About Yesterday

• Worksheet (ESL Library, Exercise 3)• On this worksheet you see a schedule of things Lisa did yesterday

• Write sentences about her day using the instructions given on the worksheet

Answers, Worksheet (ESL Library, Ex 3)

1. At precisely 7:32 last night, Lisa was eating dinner.

2. While she was eating dinner, she read (was reading) the newspaper.

3. By the time she turned on the TV, her favorite program had already started.

4. As soon as she got home, she checked her messages.

5. Before she microwaved a frozen meal, she drank (had drunk) a glass of water.

How Was Your Weekend?

• What did you do last weekend? Share what you did with a partner!

• Try to use at least three different subordinating conjunctions of time!• EXAMPLE: This weekend was so relaxing! I didn’t do much, but on Saturday I

went to the beach. Before I left, I grabbed a quick breakfast at home, and, when I arrived, I found a wonderful spot on the sand to put down my towel. I don’t go to the beach very often, but, whenever I go, I get sunburned!

HOMEWORK

• When I assign homework from English Grammar, there is a specific way I would like you to do your homework:• Complete the homework on a separate sheet of paper (not in your book)

• Correct your own homework using the answer key in the back of the book

• Try to understand why you got the answer wrong; if you cannot find out why, make a note and ask me during class

• Tonight’s homework:• Chapter 17: ex. 5, 8, & 9