Advanced Metering and Energy Information Systems

ACEEE Market Transformation, 2009Dan HarrisNew Buildings Institute

Advanced Metering and Basic EIS

Advanced Metering and Basic EIS DefinitionsCostsHow Does an EIS make a differenceResearch and Market Transformation

NBI - Roles

Best practices for small to medium commercial buildings

Core Performance GuideAdvanced Lighting GuidelinesBuilding codes analysis

Measured performance focusMeasured performance study, 2007

NBI - Advanced Metering Motivations

Persistence in EfficiencyPermanent monitoring systems to increase the effectiveness of retrocommissioning

Evidentiary Design DataModeled performance is not always an indicator of future resultsCollecting bills is labor intensive

Advanced Building Performance MetricsPerformance based building programs and codes?Advanced benchmarking

Measured Performance Study, 2007

ActualProposed

100%

50%

0%

-50%

-100%

Savi

ngs

as%

ofB a

selin

e

25% 28%

These buildings appear to usemore energy than the code baseline!

Energy Information System

Basic Energy Information System

Basic EISAdvanced Meter(s)Optional additional meters and sensorsDAS/GatewaySoftware Tools

Integration Platform - MiddlewareBuilding Automation System (BAS) Interface

SoftwareHardware - Sometimes

Advanced Meters – Energy Management

Meter that reports, or can be interrogated, at frequent intervals

Utility-InstalledAMI/AMR Meters

4.2% of non-residential are AMI*Some states already require for minimum kWIssues:

Getting data can be difficultSometimes monthly chargeBoth Gas/Electric?

Owner-InstalledOff-the-Shelf

Many available optionsInstallation cost variable

Utility UpgradePulse output

Where is AMI/AMR?

Owner-Installed Advanced Meter Cost

Type Cost ($) Installation (hours)

Total ($)

Electric 350 - 750 4 ~ 800

Natural Gas 200 – 500 4 – 8 ~ 950

Gas Dial Reader 200 1 ~ 275

Utility Pulse Output

0 – 2000 + - est. 1000

Owner-Installed Basic EIS Costs

Data Acquisition SystemWired

Direct wiringData cable

WirelessWireless meshPoint-to-point

GatewayWired

PhoneLAN

WirelessWi-FiCellularWi-Max

Software

Various Sophistication LevelsBasic

Download dataView time series

AdvancedBaseliningBenchmarking – Energy Star and Internal PortfolioWeather normalizationTime-series visualization tools

Free with purchase

Basic EIS DAS/GatewayWith Service Monitoring and Reporting

Basic

Basic

Basic

Advanced

Total Basic EIS Cost (Hardware Only)

$2500 - 4000 $11 billion – $17.6 billion

Where is EIS?

Larger buildingsStudies show Monitoring Based Commissioning –Continuous Commissioning improve persistence.

Smaller buildingsUtility territories with AMI/AMR and web portalChains - Retail, hospitality, governmentGovernment Buildings

Mandated by state & federal legislation “…where practicable”Annual energy spend at least $40,000

Why have an EIS?Emerging Motivations

Automated benchmarking EPA Portfolio ManagerEnergy Star Benchmarking Requirements

California AB1103USGBC measured performance

Announced without detailsVoluntary carbon trackingDemand response participation

NBI Research

Uses of Basic EISAutomated Inverse modeling – enhanced Baselining

Reverse simulation using knowledge of major building system types

Isolating Core and Shell and system loads4 commercial pilots new construction in Seattle

Programmatic evaluationPackaged efficiency measures with Basic EIS in 20 – 40 pilot projectsTenant vs. owner feedback

Future Directions

PolicyBuilding program incorporation of measured performance via automated data collection (EIS)

USGBC et al.California AB1103 style benchmarking requirements

ResearchNeed to address smaller buildings

Small – Display and FDDMedium – Basic EIS with system load normalizationLarge – Integration Platform – Energy Monitoring and Reporting

Thanks

Daniel Harris, PENBI360-567-0950 x101dan@newbuildings.org