A Seminar onBATTERY ENERGY STORAGE FOR ENABLING DISTRIBUTED

SOLAR POWER GENERATION

Department of Electrical Engineering

Jamia Milia Islamia

New Delhi

Presented by: Under guidance of:

Md. Irfan Prof. Majid Jamil M.Tech(EPSM)

13MEE04

1. Objective

2. Solar Power

3. Solar Power generation System

4. Solar PV challenge

5. Need for Energy Storage

6. Energy Storage System

7. Battery Energy Storage System

8. Single line Diagram of BESS

9. Reference

Contents:

1.

objective Battery energy storage system are being used to help integrate solar power

in to grid. Such system are capable of reducing the inherent intermittency of Solar resource and kept foundation to design and implement next generation smart grid.

BESS is centrally located at substation or distributed along feeder to provide un- interupted power supply in grid-tied solar power generation

To mitigate such issue with solar power generation as ramp rate,frequency and voltage issues.

What is Solar Power? Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaic (PV) or indirectly using concentrated solar power(CSP)

 Concentrated solar power systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam.

Solar Power Generation System

SOLAR PV CHALLENGESConnected to the distribution system •Low Voltage connection •Radial system, not designed for two-way power flow Intermittency (3 forms): • •Seasonal fluctuations • Lowers capacity factor in Winter •Daily fluctuations •Short-term fluctuations [cloud cover ] 80% loss of power output in seconds Poses a threat to grid stability at high penetration rates .

WHY BESS ? The rapid growth of solar power is a

key driver of development of grid-scale BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM(BESS).

BESS co-located with solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation improve power quality and increase the value of energy generated.

BESS design to mitigate the negative impact of PV integration and improving power distribution system efficiency and operation.

BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM

A BESS consists of a battery bank, a control system, and a power electronics devices interface for bidirectional four quadrant AC-DC power conversion.

The BESS is connected to the power grid in a shunt configuration, often in parallel with a renewable power generating facility or critical load.

It provide benefit to,whereas traditional uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) are installed in series with their load.

Simplified one-line diagram of a BESS in parallel with aSolar PV facility connected to the grid on a common bus

CONTROL MODE FOR BESSControl modes for BESS include: •Time Shifting / Peak Extension •Solar Smoothing / Ramp Rate Limiting •Solar Leveling •Load Leveling •Reactive Support

LOAD LEVELINGA method for reducing the large fluctuations that occur in electricity demand.ie “load levelling” or storing off peak electricity during period of low demand and releasing it duringPeriod of high demand.

Fig:-

TIME SHIFTING/PEAK EXTENSIONSolar power generation along with integrat ed BESS coincident with peak demand time and meet the peak demands.

Fig:-peak extension by using bess.

Time shifting means enhancing the power demand as power from solar facility begin to drop off in after noon hours.ie offsetting the reduction in solar power at a time when energy is expensive. Such phenomenon done by charging from grid at night ,or from solar generation during the day and BESS discharge at such condition.

Fig:-

RAMP RATE CONTROLAs Solar PV generated power can change very quickly when the sun becomes obscured by passing cloud cover.

ORSolar PV generation penetration increases,then electricity grid will subjected to sudden change in generation and power flow at various point.Such scenario cause serious problem with power delivery ,as thermal unit struggle to maintain the balance of power in face of rapid changes. Hence,BESS must counteract quick change in output power to ensure that the facility deliver ramp rate deemed acceptable to the system operator.

Llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

Fig:-Ramp Rate control to 50 kW/min for a 1 MW photovoltaic installation and

1.5 MW/1 MWh BESS. (a) Full day. (b) Detail of largest eventAbove figure depict the operation of smoothing the volatile power output of 1MW solar farm

FREQUENCY RESPONSEfrequency deviation caused by the mismatch in generation and load.It desirable to charge or discharge BESS accordingly over frequecy and under frequency case. frequecy stabilisation is reated with droop response as:-

Since, the BESS uses power electronic devices having no inertia so it response fast way corresponding to droop.BESS output power command as response to frequency as :-

Fig:-

Here,seprate line basically show the resulting power output of BESS that How much power observing or delievering at time frequency event.

REACTIVE POWER SUPPORTRapid power flow change can causes adverse effect, like voltage fluctuation.So,it is technical challenge to electrical grid system operator to maintain voltage level with required stability.On AC power distribution system voltage is local phenomenon and are closely related to reactive power flows. Such support provided by switched or shunt capacitor to maintain consistent voltage and power factor to all consumer. But having drawback of in term of large switching transient, and “all-or-nothing “nature of swiching the bank in.

Reactive support with BESS

The four quadrant power clectronic convertor onBESS inject reactive power to bus to maintain eigther pf or voltage setpoint on bus,improve system efficiency and low losses.

Control architecture of the real-time HIL testbed at the Xtreme PowerFacility in Kyle,TX.

Fig:- Power triangle used for the calculation of reactive power needed for pf correction.

REFERENCES[1] F. Katiraei and J. R. Aguero, “Solar PV Integration Challenges,” IEEE Power Energy Mag., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 62–71, May/Jun. 2011.[2] ERCOT Protocols Section 5 [Online]. Available: http://www.centerpointenergy. com/staticfiles/CNP/Common/SiteAssets/doc/ Load%20Management_ERCOT_Emergency_Operation_Guidelines. [3] N. Miller, D. Manz, J. Roedel, P. Marken, and E. Kronbeck, “Utility scale battery energy storage systems,” in Proc. IEEE Power Energy Soc. Gen. Meeting, Minneapolis, MN, Jul. 2010.[4] C. Hill and D. Chen, “Development of a real-time testing environment for battery energy storage systems in renewable energy applications,” in Proc. IEEE Power Energy Soc. Gen.Meeting, Detroit, MI, Jul. 2011.[5] National Renewable Energy Laboratory—Measurement and Instrumentation Data Center [Online]. Available: http://www.nrel.gov/midc