Post on 04-Apr-2018
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Medical Informatics andResearch Analysis
Orientation
Imagination is more important than knowledge"
Albert Einstein
By
Muhammad Ali Bohyo
DirectorInstitute of Biomedical Technology LUMHS
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Medical Informatics
"the theory and practice of using informationresponsibly in the context of healthcare.
The study of how Medical information is collected,organized, manipulated, classified, stored, retrieved,and visualized
Medical informatics is seen to be rooted in medicine andcomputer science the social, organizational, and policy aspects of information
technology are not usually taken into consideration
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Informatics
Bioinformatics
Really bio-molecular informatics
Medical informatics Really clinical informatics
Biomedical informatics
Covers both and more
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Paper Charts of Patient Medical Records are the
norm worldwide for recording patient information.
All relevant patient information is documented in
one file for reference - including Lab. results, testresults and progress notes.
These charts are easy to use.
The same file is used on subsequent admission to thesame institution.
And as source of reference for medico-legal cases.
Existing Hospital Records .......
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The Medical (Patient) Record
A historical record of patient care
A communication tool among care providers
A research and knowledge-gaining tool
A teaching tool
An operational tool (e.g., order entry)
A business tool (e.g. to support billing) An administration record (e.g., to manage resources)
A legal record with considerable longevity
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Electronic Medical Record (EMR)
AKA: Computer-Based Patient Record (CPR) Provides multiple advantages vs. manual records:
Record can be used by multiple personnel at the same time
Record is accessible from anywhere (even from home)
Clear, well-organized, legible documentation
Data can be reused for other purposes
Data can be integrated from multiple sources transparently
Data can be validated automatically
Enables multiple automated research and decision-supportfunctions (analysis, machine learning and data mining,automated diagnosis, reminders, guideline-based care)
Decision support can be integrated with use of the patientrecord
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Order Entry
CPRS (Clinical patient Record system) includesthe ability to place orders by CPOE, includingmedications, special procedures, x-rays, patient
care nursing orders, diets, and laboratory tests A major function of an EMR system, allowing care
providers to enter clear, legible orders for patient careanytime, anywhere
Supports validation of order, issuing of alerts,suggestion of relevant information and knowledge,and even actions
Quick effect on physician ordering behavior
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The Electronic Medical Record (EMR) is the future of
patient record documentation.
There is very wide scope for applications andadditions around a centralized record.
The EMR can be accessed conveniently by
appropriate health professionals to ensure ultimate
maximum and optimal patient care.
The Electronic Medical Record.
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E- Health Standards
Data interchange Standards (OSI)
Electronic Medical Record Standards (HL7)
Terminology / Vocabulary standards
Medical Imaging standards
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E-Health Standards
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)
7-layer communication model of the International
Standards Organization (OSI)
Allow a sender to transmit data (a transaction set)
to a receiver in unambiguous fashion
HL7
Name refers to OSI application layer 7
A standard for exchange of data among different
hospital computer applications
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ICD (International Classification of Deseases)
Intended mostly for talking about dead people
(reporting mortality statistics to the WHO)
Strict hierarchy with core 3-digit codes, possibly
4th digit
ICD-9-CM (Clinical Modifications) adds extra levels
of details by 4th
and 5th
digits, popular in USA
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Codes in The International Classification of
Diseases (ICD-9 CM)
724 Unspecified disorders of the back
724.0 Spinal stenosis, other than cervical
724.00 Spinal stenosis, unspecified region
724.01 Spinal stenosis, thoracic region
724.02 Spinal stenosis, lumbar region
724.09 Spinal stenosis, other724.1 Pain in thoracic spine
724.2 Lumbago
724.3 Sciatica
724.4 Thoracic or lumbosacral neuritis
724.5 Backache, unspecified
724.6 Disorders of sacrum
724.7 Disorders of coccyx724.70 Unspecified disorder of coccyx
724.71 Hypermobility of coccyx
724.71 Coccygodynia
724.8 Other symptoms referable to back
724.9 Other unspecified back disorders
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Current procedural terminology (CPT Encodes diagnostic and therapeutic procedures
CPT-4: The main code used for reporting physicianservices to government and private insurancereimbursement
Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) Provides nomenclature as well as definitions
(diagnostic criteria) of psychiatric disorders
Systemized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED) Systematically organized computer accessible
collection of medical terminology
cover most areassuch as Diseases, findings, procedures,microorganisms, pharmaceuticals, etc
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Functions of a Health-Care Information
System (HCIS) (I)
Patient management
Admission, Discharge, Transfer (ADT)
Patient tracking Departmental management
Ancillary departmental systems support clinical
departments; laboratory, radiology, pharmacy, blood
bank and medical records are most commonlyautomated
Care delivery and Clinical documentation
Mostly order entry and results reporting
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Functions of a Health-Care Information
System (HCIS) (II)
Clinical decision support
Built upon other HCIS components and need to beintegrated with them (e.g. during order entry)
Financial and resource management
Typically the first functions to be centralized
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44,000 to 98,000 patients die from medicalerrors every year in US hospitals.
More people die from medical errors inhospitalization than from motor vehicleaccidents, breast cancer, or AIDS.
Institute of Medicine (Dec. 1999)
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A 6 weeks course on Medical
Informatics and Research Analysis
To introduce application of statistical tools inMedicine
To introduce understanding and application of E-health systems with practical approach
To familiarize the concept of Medical Imagingwith emphasis on DICOM
To introduce different Medical Informatics relatedstandards
To introduce coding systems and controlledmedical vocabulary
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CONTENTS
Electronic Clinical Information Systems withpracticals
E-health standards (CDA, HL7, etc)
Controlled vocabulary standards (SNOMED, etc) Medical imaging & Communication standard
(DICOM)
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Ebrary, End note, Medical related resources on
web, personal management software
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Who should attend?
Specially designed course to give benefit to:
Undergraduate Students
Post Graduates Medical Professionals
Faculty Members
Biomedical Technicians
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48 hrs ( 8 hrs a week )
four days a week
2 hrs a day
Registration is open
Registration form is available from Institute of
Biomedical Technology
www.lumhs.edu.pk/ibt
ibt@lumhs.edu.pk 022 9213338
http://www.lumhs.edu.pk/ibtmailto:ibt@lumhs.edu.pkmailto:ibt@lumhs.edu.pkhttp://www.lumhs.edu.pk/ibt