Post on 20-Jan-2015
description
April 10, 2023Slide 1
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 1
ME 323 : I.C EnginesME 323 : I.C Engines
Combustion in I.C EnginesCombustion in I.C Engines
April 10, 2023Slide 2
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 2
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
April 10, 2023Slide 3
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 3
Combustion
Conditions for combustion
Ignition Limits
Combustion Equations
Stoichiometric Combustion
Air requirement
Composition of air
April 10, 2023Slide 4
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 4
Air-fuel ratio
Fuel-air ratio
Relative air-fuel ratio
Equivalence ratio
Pre-mixed and Diffusion combustion
Swirl/Squish/Turbulence
April 10, 2023Slide 5
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 5
April 10, 2023Slide 6
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 6
For all calculation : O2 = 21% ; N2 = 79% and ratio of N2/O2 is 3.76
Average molecular mass of air is 28.967 or 29 kg/kmol.
April 10, 2023Slide 7
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 7
April 10, 2023Slide 8
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 8
Swirl :
The orderly motion of the air particularly almost parallel to the axis of the engine.
Very much required for diesel engines.
Squish/Squash :
The radial inward motion of the air-fuel mixture towards (squish) and away from the axis of the engine (squash).
Very much required for the gasoline engines.
Turbulence :
Random mixing of the burned and unburned gases
very much required for both Otto and Diesel engines.
April 10, 2023Slide 9
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 9
April 10, 2023Slide 10
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 10
April 10, 2023Slide 11
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 11
Normal Combustion Normal Combustion in SI Enginesin SI Engines
April 10, 2023Slide 12
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 12
April 10, 2023Slide 13
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 13
April 10, 2023Slide 14
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 14
Combustion in SI engine
April 10, 2023Slide 15
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 15
April 10, 2023Slide 16
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 16
Flames detected between
Type of cycle
- 450 and TDC early burn cycle
TDC and 45° Fast burning cycles
450 and 900 slow burn cycles
90° and BDC Late burn cycles
BDC and TDC delayed burn cycles
Flames not detected misfires and partial burn cycles
Good combustion is almost entirely made up of fast burn cycles. poor combustion consists of a high proportion of late and delayed burn cycles.
COMBUSTION QUALITY
April 10, 2023Slide 17
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 17
EFFECT OF ENGINE VARIABLES ON IGNITION LAG
1. Fuel
2. Mixture ratio:
April 10, 2023Slide 18
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 18
3. Initial temperature and pressure
4. Electrode gap :
April 10, 2023Slide 19
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 19
5. Turbulence:
April 10, 2023Slide 20
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 20
EFFECT OF ENGINE VARIABLES ON FLAME PROPAGATION
1. Fuel-air ratio :
April 10, 2023Slide 21
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 21
Rate of Burning
April 10, 2023Slide 22
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 22
April 10, 2023Slide 23
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 23
2. Compression Ratio
April 10, 2023Slide 24
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 24
3. Intake temperature and pressure
4. Engine load
5. Turbulence
6. Engine Speed
7. Engine size
April 10, 2023Slide 25
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 25
April 10, 2023Slide 26
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 26
Combustion Chambers Combustion Chambers for for
Four Stroke SI EnginesFour Stroke SI Engines
April 10, 2023Slide 27
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 27
Early Ricardo turbulent combustion chamber (1968)
April 10, 2023Slide 28
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 28
Old type Combustion Chambers for SI engines
April 10, 2023Slide 29
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 29
April 10, 2023Slide 30
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 30
April 10, 2023Slide 31
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 31
April 10, 2023Slide 32
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 32
April 10, 2023Slide 33
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 33
April 10, 2023Slide 34
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 34
Combustion Chambers Combustion Chambers for for
Two Stroke SI EnginesTwo Stroke SI Engines
April 10, 2023Slide 35
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 35
April 10, 2023Slide 36
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 36
April 10, 2023Slide 37
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 37
Abnormal Combustion Abnormal Combustion in SI Enginesin SI Engines
April 10, 2023Slide 38
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 38
April 10, 2023Slide 39
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 39
April 10, 2023Slide 40
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 40
p-t diagram of a normal cycle
April 10, 2023Slide 41
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 41
p-t diagram of a knocking cycle
April 10, 2023Slide 42
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 42
Knock Limited Compression Ratio
Knock Limited Inlet Pressure
Knock Limited Indicated Mean Effective Pressure
Performance number is defined as the ratio of Klimep with the fuel in question to Klimep with isooctane when the inlet pressure is kept constant.
Relative performance number, rpn :
Actual Performance number rpn
Performance number corresponding to the imep of 100
Knock Limited Parameters
April 10, 2023Slide 43
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 43
Density factors
Time factors
Composition factors
EFFECT OF ENGINE VARIABLES ON KNOCK
April 10, 2023Slide 44
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 44
Compression Ratio
Mass of Inducted Charge
Inlet Temperature of the Mixture
Temperature of the Combustion Chamber Walls
Retarding the Spark Timing
Power Output of the Engine
Density Factors:
April 10, 2023Slide 45
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 45
Turbulence
Engine Speed
Flame Travel Distance
Engine Size
Combustion Chamber Shape
Location of Spark Plug
Time Factors:
April 10, 2023Slide 46
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 46
Fuel-Air Ratio:
Octane Value of the Fuel:
Composition Factors:
April 10, 2023Slide 47
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 47
April 10, 2023Slide 48
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 48
KNOCK RATING OF SI FUELS
April 10, 2023Slide 49
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 49
Normal Combustion Normal Combustion in CI Enginesin CI Engines
April 10, 2023Slide 50
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 50
April 10, 2023Slide 51
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 51
Schematic representation of a fuel jet
April 10, 2023Slide 52
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 52
Disintegration of a fuel jet
April 10, 2023Slide 53
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 53
April 10, 2023Slide 54
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 54
April 10, 2023Slide 55
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 55
Effect of fuel-air ratio on power output of CI engine
April 10, 2023Slide 56
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 56
Stages of combustion in CI engines
April 10, 2023Slide 57
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 57
P-t diagram showing delay period
April 10, 2023Slide 58
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 58
Steps of combustion process in CI engine
April 10, 2023Slide 59
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 59
Combustion Rate (CI)
April 10, 2023Slide 60
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 60
Effect of varying the amount of fuel
injected on P-θ diagram
April 10, 2023Slide 61
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 61
Compression ratio Engine speed Power output Atomization of fuel and duration of
injection Injection timing Quality of the fuel Intake temperature Intake pressure
FACTORS AFFECTING THE DELAY PERIOD
April 10, 2023Slide 62
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 62
Effect of compression ratio on maximum air temperature and minimum autoignition temperature
April 10, 2023Slide 63
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 63
Effect of speed on ignition delay in a diesel engine
April 10, 2023Slide 64
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 64
Effect of injection timing on indicator diagram
April 10, 2023Slide 65
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 65
Effect of engine variables on ignition delay
April 10, 2023Slide 66
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 66
Abnormal Combustion in CI Engines
April 10, 2023Slide 67
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 67
April 10, 2023Slide 68
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 68
April 10, 2023Slide 69
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 69
April 10, 2023Slide 70
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 70
April 10, 2023Slide 71
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 71
April 10, 2023Slide 72
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 72
Combustion Chambers for Four Stroke CI Engines
April 10, 2023Slide 73
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 73
CI Engine Combustion chambers
• Open chamber or DI engine
• Divided chamber or IDI engine
April 10, 2023Slide 74
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 74
April 10, 2023Slide 75
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 75
April 10, 2023Slide 76
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 76
Phases of Combustion in Toroidal open combustion
chamber
April 10, 2023Slide 77
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 77
M-Combustion chamber
April 10, 2023Slide 78
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 78
IDI Combustion chambers
Swirl generation: Induction induced swirl
Compression induced swirl
Combustion induced swirl
April 10, 2023Slide 79
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 79
April 10, 2023Slide 80
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 80
Combustion in Ricardo swirl Chamber - Comet
April 10, 2023Slide 81
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 81
Swirl chambers
April 10, 2023Slide 82
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 82
April 10, 2023Slide 83
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 83
Pre-combustion chambers
April 10, 2023Slide 84
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 84
Mercedes Benz Pre-combustion System
April 10, 2023Slide 85
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 85
April 10, 2023Slide 86
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 86
Advantages of DI engines
Fuels of poorer ignition quality can be used.
Single-hole injection nozzles and moderate injection pressures can be used and can tolerate greater degrees of nozzle fouling.
Higher fuel-air ratios can be used without smoke.
April 10, 2023Slide 87
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 87
Disadvantages of IDI Engines
More expensive cylinder construction.
More difficult cold starting because of greater heat loss through the throat.
Poorer fuel economy due to greater heat losses and pressure losses through the throat, which result in lower thermal efficiency and higher pumping loss.
April 10, 2023Slide 88
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 88
Knock Rating of CI Engine Fuel
• Cetane number
• Variable compression ratio engine
• CFR Engine
April 10, 2023Slide 89
Dr. J. M. MallikarjunaInternal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai - 600036
April 10, 2023 I.C. Engines Laboratory Slide 89
THE END