HUMAN GENETICS

UNIT 6

HUMAN VARIATION

Genetic differences: each person has their own exclusive genotype

Environmental factors: can affect the genes expression. These effects are not inherited

QUANTITATIVE TRAITS

Skin colourWeightHeightEye colourHair colour

QUALITATIVE TRAITS

Cowlick twirling right/left

Freckles

Ability to roll the tongue

The ABO system establishes four blood groups (A, B, AB and O) according to the presence or absence of certain proteins, called A and B, in the membrane of the red blood cells.

Depending on the proteins (A or B) in the red blood cells, there will or will not be anti-A or anti-B proteins, or antibodies, in the blood plasma.

Anti-A antibodies are capable of uniting with A proteins; and anti-B antibodies can unite with B proteins.

Bloodtyping Virtual Lab

HUMAN KARYOTYPE

DIAGNOSIS OF GENETIC DISEASES

HUMAN GENETIC DISORDERS

Cancer

Albinism Polydactyly

SEX LINKED DISORDERS

Indicate the genotype of a man affected with the anomaly. Indicate the genotypes of the women affected. (use X = normal chromosome; x = chromosome with the anomalous gene)

Is the anomalous gene dominant or recessive?

INHERITANCE INFLUENCED BY SEX

Indicate the genotypes of the man and woman affected.

AUTOSOMAL DISORDERS

Down syndrome

Edwards syndrome

Patau syndrome

SEX CHROMOSOMES DISORDERS

Triple X syndrome

Turner syndrome

Klinefelter syndrome

XYY Syndrome

CHANGES IN CHROMOSOMES STRUCTURE